2,361 research outputs found
Fine-grained Anomaly Detection in Sequential Data via Counterfactual Explanations
Anomaly detection in sequential data has been studied for a long time because
of its potential in various applications, such as detecting abnormal system
behaviors from log data. Although many approaches can achieve good performance
on anomalous sequence detection, how to identify the anomalous entries in
sequences is still challenging due to a lack of information at the entry-level.
In this work, we propose a novel framework called CFDet for fine-grained
anomalous entry detection. CFDet leverages the idea of interpretable machine
learning. Given a sequence that is detected as anomalous, we can consider
anomalous entry detection as an interpretable machine learning task because
identifying anomalous entries in the sequence is to provide an interpretation
to the detection result. We make use of the deep support vector data
description (Deep SVDD) approach to detect anomalous sequences and propose a
novel counterfactual interpretation-based approach to identify anomalous
entries in the sequences. Experimental results on three datasets show that
CFDet can correctly detect anomalous entries
Factive and nonfactive mental state attribution
Factive mental states, such as knowing or being aware, can only link an agent to the truth; by contrast, nonfactive states, such as believing or thinking, can link an agent to either truths or falsehoods. Researchers of mental state attribution often draw a sharp line between the capacity to attribute accurate states of mind and the capacity to attribute inaccurate or “reality-incongruent” states of mind, such as false belief. This article argues that the contrast that really matters for mental state attribution does not divide accurate from inaccurate states, but factive from nonfactive ones
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