Design of the software development and verification system (SWDVS) for shuttle NASA study task 35

An overview of the Software Development and Verification System (SWDVS) for the space shuttle is presented. The design considerations, goals, assumptions, and major features of the design are examined. A scenario that shows three persons involved in flight software development using the SWDVS in response to a program change request is developed. The SWDVS is described from the standpoint of different groups of people with different responsibilities in the shuttle program to show the functional requirements that influenced the SWDVS design. The software elements of the SWDVS that satisfy the requirements of the different groups are identified

Modeling Support System for Systems Analytic Research

A computer-assisted mathematical modeling system based on an advanced interactive methodology is presented. The system aims at the extraction of a trade-off between human mental models and regression-type models based on the use of numerical data, by using a flexible combination of statistical methods and graph-theoretical analysis. One of the main advantages of using this system is the facilities for the structuring of both mental and mathematical models

Chemometric tools for automated method-development and data interpretation in liquid chromatography

The thesis explores the challenges and advancements in the field of liquid chromatography (LC), particularly focusing on complex sample analysis using high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and two-dimensional (2D) LC techniques. The research addresses the need for efficient optimization and data-handling strategies in modern LC practice. The thesis is divided into several chapters, each addressing specific aspects of LC and polymer analysis. Chapter 2 provides an overview of the need for chemometric tools in LC practice, discussing methods for processing and analyzing data from 1D and 2D-LC systems and how chemometrics can be utilized for method development and optimization. Chapter 3 introduces a novel approach for interpreting the molecular-weight distribution and intrinsic viscosity of polymers, allowing quantitative analysis of polymer properties without prior knowledge of their interactions. This method correlates the curvature parameter of the Mark-Houwink plot with the polymer's structural and chemical properties. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on the analysis of cellulose ethers (CEs), essential in various industrial applications. A new method is presented for mapping the substitution degree and composition of CE samples, providing detailed compositional distributions. Another method involves a comprehensive 2D LC-MS/MS approach for analyzing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) monomers, revealing subtle differences in composition between industrial HPMC samples. Chapter 6 introduces AutoLC, an algorithm for automated and interpretive development of 1D-LC separations. It uses retention modeling and Bayesian optimization to achieve optimal separation within a few iterations, significantly improving the efficiency of gradient LC separations. Chapter 7 focuses on the development of an open-source algorithm for automated method development in 2D-LC-MS systems. This algorithm improves separation performance by refining gradient profiles and accurately predicting peak widths, enhancing the reliability of complex gradient LC separations. Chapter 8 addresses the challenge of gradient deformation in LC instruments. An algorithm based on the stable function corrects instrument-specific gradient deformations, enabling accurate determination of analyte retention parameters and improving data comparability between different sources. Chapter 9 introduces a novel approach using capacitively-coupled-contactless-conductivity detection (C4D) to measure gradient profiles without adding tracer components. This method enhances inter-system transferability of retention models for polymers, overcoming the limitations of UV-absorbance detectable tracer components. Chapter 10 discusses practical choices and challenges faced in the thesis chapters, highlighting the need for well-defined standard samples in industrial polymer analysis and emphasizing the importance of generalized problem-solving approaches. The thesis identifies future research directions, emphasizing the importance of computational-assisted methods for polymer analysis, the utilization of online reaction modulation techniques, and exploring continuous distributions obtained through size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) in conjunction with triple detection. Chemometric tools are recognized as essential for gaining deeper insights into polymer chemistry and improving data interpretation in the field of LC

Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems - Digital autopilot design development

The development of the Apollo digital autopilots (the primary attitude control systems that were used for all phases of the lunar landing mission) is summarized. This report includes design requirements, design constraints, and design philosophy. The development-process functions and the essential information flow paths are identified. Specific problem areas that existed during the development are included. A discussion is also presented on the benefits inherent in mechanizing attitude-controller logic and dynamic compensation in a digital computer

A Pilot Study: Towards BIM Integration - An Analysis of Design Information Exchange & Coordination

Construction projects are costing too much and taking too long as a consequence of unnecessary omissions and errors in project documentation and sub-optimal coordination of design information between consultant disciplines. The theory behind BIM provides an exciting integrated solution for project information management, however in this new process further effort is required to define the content of information deliveries and a number of basic who?- what?- when?- how?- questions relating to object and property definitions need to be resolved. This study investigates and attempts to define the functional requirements for integrated information management through the design stages of a construction project focusing on architectural practice requirements within the residential sector in Sweden. In a pilot study concerning a residential construction project in Sweden the buildingSMART Alliance's new Building Information Modelling Execution Planning Guide was applied. The principle BIM planning procedures are applied to the case, tuning requirements to the specific project and localised to support Swedish classification standards. Through the enquiries required to develop and define these processes, a new information exchange protocol emerges, tuned to the Swedish residential sector

A dynamic systems engineering methodology research study. Phase 2: Evaluating methodologies, tools, and techniques for applicability to NASA's systems projects

A study of NASA's Systems Management Policy (SMP) concluded that the primary methodology being used by the Mission Operations and Data Systems Directorate and its subordinate, the Networks Division, is very effective. Still some unmet needs were identified. This study involved evaluating methodologies, tools, and techniques with the potential for resolving the previously identified deficiencies. Six preselected methodologies being used by other organizations with similar development problems were studied. The study revealed a wide range of significant differences in structure. Each system had some strengths but none will satisfy all of the needs of the Networks Division. Areas for improvement of the methodology being used by the Networks Division are listed with recommendations for specific action

An information adaptive system study report and development plan

The purpose of the information adaptive system (IAS) study was to determine how some selected Earth resource applications may be processed onboard a spacecraft and to provide a detailed preliminary IAS design for these applications. Detailed investigations of a number of applications were conducted with regard to IAS and three were selected for further analysis. Areas of future research and development include algorithmic specifications, system design specifications, and IAS recommended time lines

Preparing a Qualitative Research-Based Dissertation: Lessons Learned

In this article, a newly minted Ph.D. shares seven lessons learned during the process of preparing a dissertation based on qualitative research methods. While most of the lessons may be applicable to any kind of research, the writer focuses on the special challenges of employing a qualitative methodology. The lessons are: (1) Read, read, read; (2) Consult the experts; (3) Adhere to university regulations; (4) Pay attention to rigor and trustworthiness; (5) Give details of the methodology; (6) Don\u27t be afraid to include numerical data; and (7) Prepare to publish