66,173 research outputs found

    Weakly nonlinear ion sound waves in gravitational systems

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    Ion sound waves are studied in a plasma subject to gravitational field. Such systems are interesting by exhibiting a wave growth that is a result of energy flux conservation in inhomogeneous systems. The increasing wave amplitude gives rise to an enhanced interaction between waves and plasma particles that can be modeled by a modified Korteweg-de Vries equation. Analytical results are compared with numerical Particle-in-Cell simulations of the problem. Our code assumes isothermally Boltzmann distributed electrons while the ion component is treated as a collection of individual particles interacting through collective electric fields. Deviations from quasi neutrality are allowed for.Comment: 30 pages, 9 figure

    Joint Structure Learning of Multiple Non-Exchangeable Networks

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    Several methods have recently been developed for joint structure learning of multiple (related) graphical models or networks. These methods treat individual networks as exchangeable, such that each pair of networks are equally encouraged to have similar structures. However, in many practical applications, exchangeability in this sense may not hold, as some pairs of networks may be more closely related than others, for example due to group and sub-group structure in the data. Here we present a novel Bayesian formulation that generalises joint structure learning beyond the exchangeable case. In addition to a general framework for joint learning, we (i) provide a novel default prior over the joint structure space that requires no user input; (ii) allow for latent networks; (iii) give an efficient, exact algorithm for the case of time series data and dynamic Bayesian networks. We present empirical results on non-exchangeable populations, including a real data example from biology, where cell-line-specific networks are related according to genomic features.Comment: To appear in Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS

    Spatially Coupled Codes and Optical Fiber Communications: An Ideal Match?

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    In this paper, we highlight the class of spatially coupled codes and discuss their applicability to long-haul and submarine optical communication systems. We first demonstrate how to optimize irregular spatially coupled LDPC codes for their use in optical communications with limited decoding hardware complexity and then present simulation results with an FPGA-based decoder where we show that very low error rates can be achieved and that conventional block-based LDPC codes can be outperformed. In the second part of the paper, we focus on the combination of spatially coupled LDPC codes with different demodulators and detectors, important for future systems with adaptive modulation and for varying channel characteristics. We demonstrate that SC codes can be employed as universal, channel-agnostic coding schemes.Comment: Invited paper to be presented in the special session on "Signal Processing, Coding, and Information Theory for Optical Communications" at IEEE SPAWC 201

    Travelling waves in two-dimensional plane Poiseuille flow

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    The asymptotic structure of laminar modulated travelling waves in two-dimensional high-Reynolds-number plane Poiseuille flow is investigated on the upper-energy branch. A finite set of independent slowly varying parameters are identified which parameterize the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations in this subset of the phase space. Our parameterization of the weakly stable modes describes an attracting manifold of maximum-entropy configurations. The complementary modes, which have been neglected in this parameterization, are strongly damped. In order to seek a closure, a countably infinite number of modulation equations are derived on the long viscous time scale: a single equation for averaged kinetic energy and momentum; and the remaining equations for averaged powers of vorticity. Only a finite number of these vorticity modulation equations are required to determine the finite number of unknowns. The new results show that the evolution of the slowly varying amplitude parameters is determined by the vorticity field and that the phase velocity responds to these changes in the amplitude in accordance with the kinetic energy and momentum. The new results also show that the most crucial physical mechanism in the production of vorticity is the interaction between vorticity and kinetic energy, this interaction being responsible for the existence of the attractor

    The second order nonlinear conductance of a two-dimensional mesoscopic conductor

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    We have investigated the weakly non-linear quantum transport properties of a two-dimensional quantum conductor. We have developed a numerical scheme which is very general for this purpose. The nonlinear conductance is computed by explicitly evaluating the various partial density of states, the sensitivity and the characteristic potential. Interesting spatial structure of these quantities are revealed. We present detailed results concerning the crossover behavior of the second order nonlinear conductance when the conductor changes from geometrically symmetrical to asymmetrical. Other issues of interests such as the gauge invariance are also discussed.Comment: LaTe
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