Ancient Greek Annotated Corpora for Digital Humanities and Language Teaching

The corpus-based methods are becoming increasingly central to present-day research in historical linguistics and digital humanities. One type of linguistic corpora — treebanks (large collections of syntactically parsed sentences) have recently emerged as a valuable resource not only for traditional linguistic and philological researches, but for computational tasks such as automatic morphological and syntactical parsing. The article is devoted to the comparison of ancient Greek treebanks, the most universal tools for natural language processing and text analysis that these treebanks use are considered, and a description of the experience of using treebanks in teaching the ancient Greek language is given.Корпусные методы становятся все более значимыми в современных исследованиях в исторической лингвистике и в цифровых гуманитарных науках. Одна из разновидностей лингвистических корпусов — трибанки (большие коллекции синтаксически проанализированных предложений) стали ценным ресурсом не только для традиционных лингвистических и филологических исследований, но и для задач компьютерной лингвистики, таких как автоматический морфологический и синтаксический анализ. Статья посвящена сравнению трибанков древнегреческого языка, рассмотрению наиболее универсальных инструментов обработки естественных языков и анализа текстов, использующих эти трибанки, а также опыту применения трибанков в обучении древнегреческому языку

Measuring Greekness: A novel computational methodology to analyze syntactical constructions and quantify the stylistic phenomenon of Attic oratory

This study is the result of a compilation and interpretation of data that derive from Classical studies, but are studied and analyzed using computational linguistics, Treebank annotation, and the development and post-processing of metrics. More specifically, the purpose of this work is to employ computational methods so as to analyze a particular form of Ancient Greek language that is Attic Greek, “measure” its attributes, and explore the socio-political connotations that its usage had in the era of the High Roman Empire. During the first centuries CE, the landscape of the Roman Empire is polyvalent. It consists of native Romans who can be fluent in Latin and Greek, Greeks who are Roman citizens, other easterners who are potentially trilingual and have also assumed Roman citizenship, and even Christians, who identify themselves as Roman citizens but with a different religious identity. It comes as no surprise that language is politicized, and identity, both individual and civic, is constantly reshaped through it. The question I attempt to answer is whether we can quantify Greekness of native and bilingual speakers based on an analytic computational study of Attic dialect. Chapter 1 provides a discussion of the three aforementioned scholarly fields, which were pertinent for the study. I present the precepts of computational linguistics, corpus linguistics, and digital humanities so as to further explicate what prompts this work and how the confluence of three methodologies significantly enhances our apprehension of the issue at hand. In Chapter 2, I approach Greekness, Latinity, and Atticism through the writings of Greek and Roman grammarians and lexicographers and provide the complete list of all the occurrences of the aforementioned notions. Chapters 3 and 4 explicate further the reasoning behind the usage of the Perseids framework and the Prague annotation system. They then proceed to relate the metrics developed, the computational methods, and their subsequent visualization to quantify and objectify the previously purely theoretical inferences. The metric system was developed after careful consideration of the stylistic attributes of Ancient Greek. Therefore, each metric “measures” something pertinent in the formation of the language. The visualizations then afford us a more understandable and interpretable format of the numerical results. For philologists, it is interesting to view the graphic presentation of humanistic ideas, and for the computer scientists the applicability of their methods on a topic that is predominantly philological and social. Finally, chapter 5 recontextualizes the numerical results and their interpretations, as were acquired in chapters 3 and 4, and thus sets the parameters necessary to discuss them in conjunction with readings of literary texts of the period of the High Empire. My intention is to show how numbers are “translated” into a different “language,” the language of the humanist.:Acknowledgments Page 6 Chapter 1: Introduction Page 7 1.1 Focus of the Study Page 7 1.2 Classical Studies and Digital Humanities Page 9 1.3 Corpus Linguistics Page 13 1.4 Humanities Corpus and Corpus Linguistics Page 15 1.5 Synopsis of the Project Page 17 Chapter 2: Linguistic Purity as Ethnic and Educational Marker, or Greek and Roman Grammarians on Greek and Latin. Page 22 2.1 Introduction Page 22 2.2 Grammatical and Lexicographic Definitions Page 23 2.2.1 Greek and Latin languages Page 23 2.2.2 Grammatici Graeci Page 29 2.2.3 Grammatici Latini. Page 32 2.3 Greek and Attic in Greek Lexicographers Page 48 2.4 Conclusion Page 57 Chapter 3: Attic Oratory and its Imperial Revival: Quantifying Theory and Practice Page 58 3.1 Introduction Page 58 3.2 Atticism: Definition and Redefinitions Page 59 3.3 Significance of Enhanced Linguistic and Computational Analysis of Atticism Page 65 3.3.1 The Perseids Project, the Prague Mark-up Language, and Dependency Grammar Page 67 3.4 Evaluating Atticism Page 70 3.4.1 Dionysius’s of Halicarnassus Theoretical Framework Page 73 3.5 Methods: Computational Quantification of Rhetorical Styles Page 82 3.5.1 The Perseids 1.5 ALDT Schema Page 84 3.5.2 Node-based Sentence Metrics Page 93 3.5.3 Computer Implementation Page 104 3.6 Conclusion Page 108 Chapter 4: Experimental results, Analysis, and Topological Haar Wavelets Page 110 4.1 Introduction Page 110 4.2 Experimental Results Page 111 4.3 Data Visualization Page 117 4. 4 Topological Metric Wavelets for Syntactical Quantification Page 153 4.4.1 Wavelets Page 154 4.4.2 Topological Metrics using Wavelets Page 155 4.4.3 Experimental Results Page 157 4.5 Conclusion Page 162 Chapter 5: «Γαλάτης ὢν ἑλληνίζειν»: Greekness, Latinity, and Otherness in the World of the High Empire. Page 163 5.1 Introduction Page 163 5.2 The Multiethnical Constituents of an Imperial Citizen: Anacharsis, Favorinus, and Dionysius’s of Halicarnassus Ethnography. Page 165 5.3 Conclusion Page 185 Chapter 6: Conclusion Page 187 References Page 190 Appendix Page 203 Curriculum Vitae Page 212 Dissertation related Publications Page 225 Selbständigkeitserklärung Page 22

Iconizing the Digital Humanities: Models and Modeling from a Semiotic Perspective

Models are ubiquitous in the digital humanities. Against the backdrop of the recent discussion in the philosophy of science about what models are and what they do, this paper presents a semiotic perspective on models in the framework of Charles S. Peirce’s theory of signs that sheds light on the practice of modeling in the digital humanities. As a first step, it is argued that models are icons, i.e. signs that represent their specific objects by being regarded as similar to them; and that there are, in all, three basic types of model, namely “images,” “diagrams,” and “metaphors.” A second step explicates relevant implications of this model-theoretic approach, especially as they relate to the digital humanities. In particular, it is shown that models are not identical to the things they represent and that they only represent them partially; that the representation operates on the basis of a mapping relation between select properties of the model and its object; that each model and each instance of modeling has a theoretical framework; and that models are the true basis for genuine creativity and progress in research

Teaching Classics in the Digital Age

The papers and videos presented here are the result of the international conference 'Teaching Classics in the Digital Age' held online on the 15 and 16 June 2020. As digital media provide new possibilities for teaching and outreach in Classics, the conference 'Teaching Classics in the Digital Age' aimed at presenting current approaches to digital teaching and sharing best practices by bringing together different projects and practitioners from all fields of Classics (including Classical Archaeology, Greek and Latin Studies and Ancient History). Furthermore, it aimed at starting a discussion about principles, problems and the future of teaching Classics in the 21st century within and beyond its single fields

Atti del IX Convegno Annuale dell'Associazione per l'Informatica Umanistica e la Cultura Digitale (AIUCD). La svolta inevitabile: sfide e prospettive per l'Informatica Umanistica

Proceedings of the IX edition of the annual AIUCD conferenc

Atti del IX Convegno Annuale AIUCD. La svolta inevitabile: sfide e prospettive per l'Informatica Umanistica.

La nona edizione del convegno annuale dell'Associazione per l'Informatica Umanistica e la Cultura Digitale (AIUCD 2020; Milano, 15-17 gennaio 2020) ha come tema “La svolta inevitabile: sfide e prospettive per l'Informatica Umanistica”, con lo specifico obiettivo di fornire un'occasione per riflettere sulle conseguenze della crescente diffusione dell’approccio computazionale al trattamento dei dati connessi all’ambito umanistico. Questo volume raccoglie gli articoli i cui contenuti sono stati presentati al convegno. A diversa stregua, essi affrontano il tema proposto da un punto di vista ora più teorico-metodologico, ora più empirico-pratico, presentando i risultati di lavori e progetti (conclusi o in corso) che considerino centrale il trattamento computazionale dei dati

Models and Modelling between Digital and Humanities: A Multidisciplinary Perspective

This Supplement of Historical Social Research stems from the contributions on the topic of modelling presented at the workshop “Thinking in Practice”, held at Wahn Manor House in Cologne on January 19-20, 2017. With Digital Humanities as starting point, practical examples of model building from different disciplines are considered, with the aim of contributing to the dialogue on modelling from several perspectives. Combined with theoretical considerations, this collection illustrates how the process of modelling is one of coming to know, in which the purpose of each modelling activity and the form in which models are expressed has to be taken into consideration in tandem. The modelling processes presented in this volume belong to specific traditions of scholarly and practical thinking as well as to specific contexts of production and use of models. The claim that supported the project workshop was indeed that establishing connections between different traditions of and approaches toward modelling is vital, whether these connections are complementary or intersectional. The workshop proceedings address an underpinning goal of the research project itself, namely that of examining the nature of the epistemological questions in the different traditions and how they relate to the nature of the modelled objects and the models being created. This collection is an attempt to move beyond simple representational views on modelling in order to understand modelling processes as scholarly and cultural phenomena as such