The design of green supply chains under carbon policies: A literature review of quantitative models

Carbon footprinting of products and services is getting increasing attention due to the growing emphasis on carbon related policies in many countries. As a result, many enterprises are focusing on the design of green supply chains (GSCs) with research on supply chains (SCs) focused not only on cost efficiency, but also on its environmental consequences. The review presented in this paper focuses on the implications of carbon policies on SCs. The concept of content analysis is used to retrieve and analyze the information regarding drivers (carbon policies), actors (for example, manufacturers and retailers), methodologies (mathematical modeling techniques), decision-making contexts (such as, facility location and order quantity), and emission reduction opportunities. The review shows a lack of emissions analysis of SCs that face carbon policies in different countries. The research also focuses on the design of carbon policies for emissions reduction in different operating situations. Some possible research directions are also discussed at the end of this review.A NPRP award NPRP No.5-1284-5-198 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of The Qatar Foundation).Scopu

Fiscal implications of climate change

This paper provides a primer on the fiscal implications of climate change, in particular the policies for responding to it. Many of the complicated challenges that arise in limiting climate change (through greenhouse gas emissions mitigation), and in dealing with the effects that remain (through adaptation to climate change impacts), are of a fiscal nature. While mitigation has the potential to raise substantial public revenue (through charges on greenhouse gas emissions), adaptation largely leads to fiscal outlays. Policies may unduly favor public spending (on technological solutions to limit emissions, and on adaptation), over policies that lead to more public revenue being raised (emissions charges). The pervasive uncertainties that surround climate change make the design of proper policy responses even more complex. This applies especially to policies for mitigation of emissions, since agreement on and international enforcement of cooperative abatement policies are exceedingly difficult to achieve, and there is as yet no common view on how to compare nearer-term costs of mitigation to longer-term benefits.Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases,Climate Change Economics,Carbon Policy and Trading,Energy Production and Transportation,Environment and Energy Efficiency

Making the most of the G8+5 Climate Change Process: Accelerating Structural Change and Technology Diffusion on a Global Scale. CEPS Task Force Reports, 5 June 2008

Under the chairmanship of Gunnar Still, Senior Vice President and Head of Environment Division at ThyssenKrupp, CEPS organized a Task Force to explore possible initiatives within the context of the G8+5 dialogue on tackling climate change. This report identifies a number of concrete measures that could reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while at the same time stimulating structural change and technology development and diffusion. It calls for supporting action-based approaches, which are essential to achieve the necessary reductions in GHG emissions, inform the post-2012 negotiations and address the most urgent issues such as surging energy demand and the need for clean energy technologies in emerging economies. An action-based approach can be regarded as a way of integrating targets and timetables, as they are agreed, with consistent and comparable policies and measures. With a view to a long-term climate strategy, this report attempts to present a portfolio of actions that can be implemented and accelerated on a global scale – especially in the G8+5 countries and the EU, and could become a basis on which developed and developing countries can cooperate

The New Australian Government's Primary Industries Policies: Some Implications and Opportunities

After more than a decade in opposition, the win by the Australian Labor Party (ALP) at the 2007 Federal Election focuses attention on their pre-election policies. The paper summarises ALP pre-election policies for primary industries, including the resources and seafood sectors; indicates program and policy funding where it is clearly indicated in the policy papers, and commences an interpretation of the implications and opportunities that may develop as the new government proceeds to discuss its policies and their implementation. A major shift in the context for all primary industries policies to 'climate change', irrespective of whether the component policies appear to be little changed is articulated. The detail of climate change policy awaits the Climate Change Review by Professor Ross Garnaut in mid-2008. The immediate implications and opportunities for all specific policies is that they need to be viewed through the new and overarching lens of 'adapting to climate change'.Environmental Economics and Policy, Political Economy,

A new EU energy technology policy towards 2050 : which way to go?

Each semester the THINK project publishes two research reports based on topics proposed by the European Commission.Topic 9QM-31-12-303-EN-CQM-31-12-303-EN-NChallenges for policy makers are huge if the EU climate policy goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 80-95% below 1990 levels by 2050 shall be reached. There is no doubt that a new energy technology policy design for the post-2020 period is needed, not only because the current policy framework is running out in 2020, but also because of increasing global competitive pressure in the low-carbon technology sectors. Moreover, as market actors are calling for new, transparent and lasting policy commitments now, the policy will likely be negotiated in times of financial crisis and institutional frictions in the EU, of which no one can predict its duration. To contribute to this debate and assist DG ENER in preparing a new Communication on ‘Energy Technologies in a future European Energy Policy’, this THINK report develops and discusses possible paths for a renewed EU energy technology policy towards 2050. We give recommendations for a renewed post-2020 SET Plan and European technology push taking into account that the policy context is uncertain and that not all possible futures are recognized in the EU Energy Roadmap 2050 yet.The THINK project (2010-2013) is funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme, Strategic Energy Technology Plan. (Call FP7-ENERGY-2009-2, Grant Agreement no: 249736). Coordinator: Prof. Jean-Michel Glachant and Dr. Leonardo Meeus, Florence School of Regulation, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute

Supply Chain Carbon Management

Sustainable supply chain and carbon management have seen a growing interest in the last decade due to the increasing concerns about global warming and climate change. Policymakers, researchers, and executives have taken various roles in efforts to better measure and control greenhouse gas emissions. This book chapter aims to discuss the current state of the art, and key motivations for businesses to decrease emissions, and different policies and regulations that have been designed to incentivize carbon reduction and enhance the environmental awareness of all stakeholders. The chapter also examines the methodologies for measuring and managing carbon emissions of an organization and its supply chain. Further, it discusses carbon management issues related to reverse logistics, life cycle assessment and double counting of emissions

What is the growth potential of green innovation? An assessment of EU climate policy options

This paper provides a model-based analysis of the cost-efficiency of different EU climate policy options that could direct innovation in the private sector towards an environmentally sustainable growth path. Our objective is to assess different policy options in order to identify an appropriate policy-mix of environmental and innovation market instruments in terms of their cost-effectiveness. For this purpose, we develop a fully-dynamic, multisectoral DSGE model with endogenous technological change where we specifically identify its environmental content and we calibrate the model for the EU and the rest of the world. Our results suggest that an appropriate policy mix should intensively stimulate R&D in the green sectors in the short-run and phase-it out by spreading the R&D support to all sectors of the economy in the medium-term. Although intuitive, the orders of magnitude presented in this paper should be interpreted with caution by taking into account the underlying assumptions of the model and identification of green innovation data.Carbon revenue recycling, climate change, directed technical change, double dividend, dynamic general equilibrium model, endogenous growth, R&D