Collision-free Time Slot Reuse in Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks

To ensure a long-lived network of wireless communicating sensors, we are in need of a medium access control protocol that is able to prevent energy-wasting effects like idle listening, hidden terminal problem or collision of packets. Schedule-based medium access protocols are in general robust against these effects, but require a mechanism to establish a non-conflicting schedule. In this paper, we present such a mechanism which allows wireless sensors to choose a time interval for transmission, which is not interfering or causing collisions with other transmissions. In our solution, we do not assume any hierarchical organization in the network and all operation is localized. We empirically show that our localized algorithm is successful within a factor 2 of the minimum necessary time slots in random networks; well in range of the expected (worst case) factor 3-approximation of known first-fit algorithms. Our algorithm assures similar minimum distance between simultaneous transmissions as CSMA(/CD)-based approaches

D2D-Based Grouped Random Access to Mitigate Mobile Access Congestion in 5G Sensor Networks

The Fifth Generation (5G) wireless service of sensor networks involves significant challenges when dealing with the coordination of ever-increasing number of devices accessing shared resources. This has drawn major interest from the research community as many existing works focus on the radio access network congestion control to efficiently manage resources in the context of device-to-device (D2D) interaction in huge sensor networks. In this context, this paper pioneers a study on the impact of D2D link reliability in group-assisted random access protocols, by shedding the light on beneficial performance and potential limitations of approaches of this kind against tunable parameters such as group size, number of sensors and reliability of D2D links. Additionally, we leverage on the association with a Geolocation Database (GDB) capability to assist the grouping decisions by drawing parallels with recent regulatory-driven initiatives around GDBs and arguing benefits of the suggested proposal. Finally, the proposed method is approved to significantly reduce the delay over random access channels, by means of an exhaustive simulation campaign.Comment: First submission to IEEE Communications Magazine on Oct.28.2017. Accepted on Aug.18.2019. This is the camera-ready versio

Modeling of Wireless Sensor Networks Jamming Attack Strategies

Jamming attacks like constant jamming, deceptive jamming, random jamming and reactive jamming disrupt the normal operation of nodes in wireless sensor networks thereby drastically affecting the network throughput, delay and energy consumption by sending random signals in the network without following the underlying Media Access Control rules. These signals collide with the legitimate signals causing undue traffic in the network leading to Denial of Service Attack. This work provides a model for the different jamming attacks experienced in wireless sensor networks using Unified Modeling Language. Modeling the different jamming attacks would help in better description of their behavior and strategy. Established models can be employed in the design of jamming detection and mitigation framework for DoS attacks mitigation in wireless sensor networks that involve sensors which are known to have limited and constrained resources

Data Transmission with Reduced Delay for Distributed Acoustic Sensors

This paper proposes a channel access control scheme fit to dense acoustic sensor nodes in a sensor network. In the considered scenario, multiple acoustic sensor nodes within communication range of a cluster head are grouped into clusters. Acoustic sensor nodes in a cluster detect acoustic signals and convert them into electric signals (packets). Detection by acoustic sensors can be executed periodically or randomly and random detection by acoustic sensors is event driven. As a result, each acoustic sensor generates their packets (50bytes each) periodically or randomly over short time intervals (400ms~4seconds) and transmits directly to a cluster head (coordinator node). Our approach proposes to use a slotted carrier sense multiple access. All acoustic sensor nodes in a cluster are allocated to time slots and the number of allocated sensor nodes to each time slot is uniform. All sensor nodes allocated to a time slot listen for packet transmission from the beginning of the time slot for a duration proportional to their priority. The first node that detect the channel to be free for its whole window is allowed to transmit. The order of packet transmissions with the acoustic sensor nodes in the time slot is autonomously adjusted according to the history of packet transmissions in the time slot. In simulations, performances of the proposed scheme are demonstrated by the comparisons with other low rate wireless channel access schemes.Comment: Accepted to IJDSN, final preprinted versio

A New MAC Address Spoofing Detection Technique Based on Random Forests

Media access control (MAC) addresses in wireless networks can be trivially spoofed using off-the-shelf devices. The aim of this research is to detect MAC address spoofing in wireless networks using a hard-to-spoof measurement that is correlated to the location of the wireless device, namely the received signal strength (RSS). We developed a passive solution that does not require modification for standards or protocols. The solution was tested in a live test-bed (i.e., a wireless local area network with the aid of two air monitors acting as sensors) and achieved 99.77%, 93.16% and 88.38% accuracy when the attacker is 8–13 m, 4–8 m and less than 4 m away from the victim device, respectively. We implemented three previous methods on the same test-bed and found that our solution outperforms existing solutions. Our solution is based on an ensemble method known as random forests.https://doi.org/10.3390/s1603028

Survey on wireless technology trade-offs for the industrial internet of things

Aside from vast deployment cost reduction, Industrial Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (IWSAN) introduce a new level of industrial connectivity. Wireless connection of sensors and actuators in industrial environments not only enables wireless monitoring and actuation, it also enables coordination of production stages, connecting mobile robots and autonomous transport vehicles, as well as localization and tracking of assets. All these opportunities already inspired the development of many wireless technologies in an effort to fully enable Industry 4.0. However, different technologies significantly differ in performance and capabilities, none being capable of supporting all industrial use cases. When designing a network solution, one must be aware of the capabilities and the trade-offs that prospective technologies have. This paper evaluates the technologies potentially suitable for IWSAN solutions covering an entire industrial site with limited infrastructure cost and discusses their trade-offs in an effort to provide information for choosing the most suitable technology for the use case of interest. The comparative discussion presented in this paper aims to enable engineers to choose the most suitable wireless technology for their specific IWSAN deployment