3,433 research outputs found
Incorporating Neuro-Inspired Adaptability for Continual Learning in Artificial Intelligence
Continual learning aims to empower artificial intelligence (AI) with strong
adaptability to the real world. For this purpose, a desirable solution should
properly balance memory stability with learning plasticity, and acquire
sufficient compatibility to capture the observed distributions. Existing
advances mainly focus on preserving memory stability to overcome catastrophic
forgetting, but remain difficult to flexibly accommodate incremental changes as
biological intelligence (BI) does. By modeling a robust Drosophila learning
system that actively regulates forgetting with multiple learning modules, here
we propose a generic approach that appropriately attenuates old memories in
parameter distributions to improve learning plasticity, and accordingly
coordinates a multi-learner architecture to ensure solution compatibility.
Through extensive theoretical and empirical validation, our approach not only
clearly enhances the performance of continual learning, especially over
synaptic regularization methods in task-incremental settings, but also
potentially advances the understanding of neurological adaptive mechanisms,
serving as a novel paradigm to progress AI and BI together
Continual Reinforcement Learning in 3D Non-stationary Environments
High-dimensional always-changing environments constitute a hard challenge for
current reinforcement learning techniques. Artificial agents, nowadays, are
often trained off-line in very static and controlled conditions in simulation
such that training observations can be thought as sampled i.i.d. from the
entire observations space. However, in real world settings, the environment is
often non-stationary and subject to unpredictable, frequent changes. In this
paper we propose and openly release CRLMaze, a new benchmark for learning
continually through reinforcement in a complex 3D non-stationary task based on
ViZDoom and subject to several environmental changes. Then, we introduce an
end-to-end model-free continual reinforcement learning strategy showing
competitive results with respect to four different baselines and not requiring
any access to additional supervised signals, previously encountered
environmental conditions or observations.Comment: Accepted in the CLVision Workshop at CVPR2020: 13 pages, 4 figures, 5
table
Lifelong Neural Predictive Coding: Learning Cumulatively Online without Forgetting
In lifelong learning systems, especially those based on artificial neural
networks, one of the biggest obstacles is the severe inability to retain old
knowledge as new information is encountered. This phenomenon is known as
catastrophic forgetting. In this article, we propose a new kind of
connectionist architecture, the Sequential Neural Coding Network, that is
robust to forgetting when learning from streams of data points and, unlike
networks of today, does not learn via the immensely popular back-propagation of
errors. Grounded in the neurocognitive theory of predictive processing, our
model adapts its synapses in a biologically-plausible fashion, while another,
complementary neural system rapidly learns to direct and control this
cortex-like structure by mimicking the task-executive control functionality of
the basal ganglia. In our experiments, we demonstrate that our self-organizing
system experiences significantly less forgetting as compared to standard neural
models and outperforms a wide swath of previously proposed methods even though
it is trained across task datasets in a stream-like fashion. The promising
performance of our complementary system on benchmarks, e.g., SplitMNIST, Split
Fashion MNIST, and Split NotMNIST, offers evidence that by incorporating
mechanisms prominent in real neuronal systems, such as competition, sparse
activation patterns, and iterative input processing, a new possibility for
tackling the grand challenge of lifelong machine learning opens up.Comment: Key updates including results on standard benchmarks, e.g., split
mnist/fmnist/not-mnist. Task selection/basal ganglia model has been
integrate
Born to learn: The inspiration, progress, and future of evolved plastic artificial neural networks
Biological plastic neural networks are systems of extraordinary computational
capabilities shaped by evolution, development, and lifetime learning. The
interplay of these elements leads to the emergence of adaptive behavior and
intelligence. Inspired by such intricate natural phenomena, Evolved Plastic
Artificial Neural Networks (EPANNs) use simulated evolution in-silico to breed
plastic neural networks with a large variety of dynamics, architectures, and
plasticity rules: these artificial systems are composed of inputs, outputs, and
plastic components that change in response to experiences in an environment.
These systems may autonomously discover novel adaptive algorithms, and lead to
hypotheses on the emergence of biological adaptation. EPANNs have seen
considerable progress over the last two decades. Current scientific and
technological advances in artificial neural networks are now setting the
conditions for radically new approaches and results. In particular, the
limitations of hand-designed networks could be overcome by more flexible and
innovative solutions. This paper brings together a variety of inspiring ideas
that define the field of EPANNs. The main methods and results are reviewed.
Finally, new opportunities and developments are presented
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