1,455 research outputs found
Near-capacity dirty-paper code design : a source-channel coding approach
This paper examines near-capacity dirty-paper code designs based on source-channel coding. We first point out that the performance loss in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in our code designs can be broken into the sum of the packing loss from channel coding and a modulo loss, which is a function of the granular loss from source coding and the target dirty-paper coding rate (or SNR). We then examine practical designs by combining trellis-coded quantization (TCQ) with both systematic and nonsystematic irregular repeat-accumulate (IRA) codes. Like previous approaches, we exploit the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart technique for capacity-approaching IRA code design; but unlike previous approaches, we emphasize the role of strong source coding to achieve as much granular gain as possible using TCQ. Instead of systematic doping, we employ two relatively shifted TCQ codebooks, where the shift is optimized (via tuning the EXIT charts) to facilitate the IRA code design. Our designs synergistically combine TCQ with IRA codes so that they work together as well as they do individually. By bringing together TCQ (the best quantizer from the source coding community) and EXIT chart-based IRA code designs (the best from the channel coding community), we are able to approach the theoretical limit of dirty-paper coding. For example, at 0.25 bit per symbol (b/s), our best code design (with 2048-state TCQ) performs only 0.630 dB away from the Shannon capacity
Nested turbo codes for the costa problem
Driven by applications in data-hiding, MIMO broadcast channel coding, precoding for interference cancellation, and transmitter cooperation in wireless networks, Costa coding has lately become a very active research area. In this paper, we first offer code design guidelines in terms of source- channel coding for algebraic binning. We then address practical code design based on nested lattice codes and propose nested turbo codes using turbo-like trellis-coded quantization (TCQ) for source coding and turbo trellis-coded modulation (TTCM) for channel coding. Compared to TCQ, turbo-like TCQ offers structural similarity between the source and channel coding components, leading to more efficient nesting with TTCM and better source coding performance. Due to the difference in effective dimensionality between turbo-like TCQ and TTCM, there is a performance tradeoff between these two components when they are nested together, meaning that the performance of turbo-like TCQ worsens as the TTCM code becomes stronger and vice versa. Optimization of this performance tradeoff leads to our code design that outperforms existing TCQ/TCM and TCQ/TTCM constructions and exhibits a gap of 0.94, 1.42 and 2.65 dB to the Costa capacity at 2.0, 1.0, and 0.5 bits/sample, respectively
Smoothing of binary codes, uniform distributions, and applications
The action of a noise operator on a code transforms it into a distribution on
the respective space. Some common examples from information theory include
Bernoulli noise acting on a code in the Hamming space and Gaussian noise acting
on a lattice in the Euclidean space. We aim to characterize the cases when the
output distribution is close to the uniform distribution on the space, as
measured by R{\'e}nyi divergence of order . A version of
this question is known as the channel resolvability problem in information
theory, and it has implications for security guarantees in wiretap channels,
error correction, discrepancy, worst-to-average case complexity reductions, and
many other problems.
Our work quantifies the requirements for asymptotic uniformity (perfect
smoothing) and identifies explicit code families that achieve it under the
action of the Bernoulli and ball noise operators on the code. We derive
expressions for the minimum rate of codes required to attain asymptotically
perfect smoothing. In proving our results, we leverage recent results from
harmonic analysis of functions on the Hamming space. Another result pertains to
the use of code families in Wyner's transmission scheme on the binary wiretap
channel. We identify explicit families that guarantee strong secrecy when
applied in this scheme, showing that nested Reed-Muller codes can transmit
messages reliably and securely over a binary symmetric wiretap channel with a
positive rate. Finally, we establish a connection between smoothing and error
correction in the binary symmetric channel
Basic Understanding of Condensed Phases of Matter via Packing Models
Packing problems have been a source of fascination for millenia and their
study has produced a rich literature that spans numerous disciplines.
Investigations of hard-particle packing models have provided basic insights
into the structure and bulk properties of condensed phases of matter, including
low-temperature states (e.g., molecular and colloidal liquids, crystals and
glasses), multiphase heterogeneous media, granular media, and biological
systems. The densest packings are of great interest in pure mathematics,
including discrete geometry and number theory. This perspective reviews
pertinent theoretical and computational literature concerning the equilibrium,
metastable and nonequilibrium packings of hard-particle packings in various
Euclidean space dimensions. In the case of jammed packings, emphasis will be
placed on the "geometric-structure" approach, which provides a powerful and
unified means to quantitatively characterize individual packings via jamming
categories and "order" maps. It incorporates extremal jammed states, including
the densest packings, maximally random jammed states, and lowest-density jammed
structures. Packings of identical spheres, spheres with a size distribution,
and nonspherical particles are also surveyed. We close this review by
identifying challenges and open questions for future research.Comment: 33 pages, 20 figures, Invited "Perspective" submitted to the Journal
of Chemical Physics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1008.298
Collisions and drag in debris discs with eccentric parent belts
Context: High-resolution images of circumstellar debris discs reveal
off-centred rings that indicate past or ongoing perturbation, possibly caused
by secular gravitational interaction with unseen stellar or substellar
companions. The purely dynamical aspects of this departure from radial symmetry
are well understood. However, the observed dust is subject to additional forces
and effects, most notably collisions and drag. Aims: To complement the studies
of dynamics, we therefore aim to understand how new asymmetries are created by
the addition of collisional evolution and drag forces, and existing ones
strengthened or overridden. Methods: We augmented our existing numerical code
"Analysis of Collisional Evolution" (ACE) by an azimuthal dimension, the
longitude of periapse. A set of fiducial discs with global eccentricities
ranging from 0 to 0.4 is evolved over giga-year timescales. Size distribution
and spatial variation of dust are analysed and interpreted. The basic impact of
belt eccentricity on spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and images is
discussed.
Results: We find features imposed on characteristic timescales. First,
radiation pressure defines size cutoffs that differ between periapse and
apoapse, resulting in an asymmetric halo. The differences in size distribution
make the observable asymmetry of the halo depend on wavelength. Second,
collisional equilibrium prefers smaller grains on the apastron side of the
parent belt, reducing the effect of pericentre glow and the overall asymmetry.
Third, Poynting-Robertson drag fills the region interior to an eccentric belt
such that the apastron side is more tenuous. Interpretation and prediction of
the appearance in scattered light is problematic when spatial and size
distribution are coupled.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 14 pages, 16 figure
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