How to choose the agent construction mode in chinese government investment projects?

The complexity of managing government investment projects arrives, among others, from the fact it involves many stakeholders. Managerial problems in government investment projects resulting in inefficiencies, waste of resources, and delays often appear in China. Government departments used to control all the aspects of a project, including construction, investment, management, and use which result in waste and rent-seeking behaviors. On July 25, 2004, the state council published the document "Decision on Investment System Reform" which clearly put forward the requirements of using construction agents in non-profit government investment projects. Methods of selecting and managing construction agents are different in different regions in China. We adopted qualitative research methods. First, we analyzed the principal-agent relationships and the information asymmetry in construction agent models, and discussed the theory methods to abate information asymmetry and decrease the moral hazard problem. Then we investigated five construction agent modes in five regions of China, and analyzed the project process and management methods. We found that these modes could be split into two types of construction agent models: "market competitive agent" construction model and "administrative agent" construction model. Finally, we analyzed CIXI city’s construction agent model in non - profit government investment project, and found that CIXI also used an “administrative agent" construction model. Therefore, we thought that although market competitive construction agent model is better than administrative construction agent model in theory, the latter might be a contingent way to adapt to the environment in the transition economy period that China is living.A complexidade da gestão de projetos de investimento dos governosé inegável mormente tendo em conta os incontáveis “stakeholders” envolvidos. Na China sempre existiram problemas de gestãonos projetos de investimento do governo que motivaram ineficiências, desperdícios de recursos e demoras na concretização desses projectos. Dado que os departamentos do governo controlavam todos os aspectos relativos aos projetos, incluindo construção, investimento, agenciamento e gestão, o resultado consubstanciou-se em elevados desperdícios e na geração de comportamentos oportunísticos. Em 25 de julho de 2004, o Conselho do Estado da China publicou um documento acerca da gestão de investimentos governamentais - “Decisão sobre a reforma do sistema de gestão de investimentos”. Sob este novo sistema, claramente, o governo apresentou os requisitos de utilização de agentes de construção nos projectos sem fins lucrativos de investimento do governo. Contudo os métodos de seleção e gestão dos referidos agentes são diferentes nas várias regiões da China. Neste trabalho foi utilizado o método qualitativo de pesquisa. Primeiro, analisou-se as relações principal-agente e a assimetria de informação nos modelos de agênciaem construção civil. Além disso, discutiram-se os métodos teóricos para diminuir a assimetria de informação e o problema de risco moral. Segundo, investigou-se os cinco modos deagente naconstrução em cinco regiões da China, e analisou-se o processo de projeto e os métodos de gestão, tendo-se descoberto que estas formas podem ser divididas em dois tipos de modelos de agente na construção: o modelo de construção "market competitive agent" e o modelo de construção "administrative agent", conforme mencionado anteriormente. Finalmente, analisou-se o modelo de agente de construção da cidade de CIXI em projectos sem fins lucrativos de investimento do governo. Ficou evidenciado que o modelo de construção “administrative agent” também foi utilizado nesta cidade. Por isso, conclui-se que, embora em teoria o modelo de construção "market competitive agent" seja melhor do que o de construção "administrative agent ", o último pode ser uma solução contingente e intermédia que se adapta ao período da economia em transição da China

Adaptation of domestic state governance to international governance models

The purpose of the article is to provide the evolving international trends of modern management models and authorial vision of model of state governance system in Ukraine, its subsystems, in particular, the system of provision of administrative services that is appropriate for the contemporary times. Methodology. On the basis of scientific and theoretical approaches to the definitions of terms “state governance” and “public governance”, there was an explanation of considerable difference between them and, taking into consideration, the mentality of Ukrainian society and peculiar weak side in self-organization, the authors offered to form authorial model of governance on the basis of historically traditional for Ukraine model of state governance and to add some elements of management concepts that proved their significance, efficiency and priority in practice. Results. The authors emphasized the following two prevailing modern management models in the international practice: “new state management” and “good governance”. The first concept offered for consideration served as a basis for the semantic content of state activity that reflects more the state of administrative reformation. Practical meaning. A practical introduction of management to the domestic model of governance creates the range of contradictions that do not allow implementing herein concept. Pursuant to authors, the second one allows in considerable measure to reform state governance, considering historically developed peculiarities of this model. Moreover, the involvement of concept herein into introduction of informational and communicational technologies in the process of governance eliminates the necessity of power decentralization, it allows to form real net structure and, at the same, to keep vertical power structure, to involve citizens for formation and taking of management decisions, to form electronic communicational channel of feedback, to provide citizens with electronic administrative services. All indicated advantages of the concept certify about the necessity to reform state governance exactly in this field. Meaning/ Distinction. This article raises a question about the significance of formation and sequence of state policy in Ukraine aimed at creating an information-oriented society, space, as well as informational and technological infrastructure

Net structure of subject-to-subject relations in the management of the system of administrative services provision

The purpose of the work is to form the net structure of management of the system of administrative services provision on the basis of implementation of subject-to-subject interactions between state sector and civil society. Methodology. The methodology basis for the investigation is the abstract-logical analysis of theoretical and methodological backgrounds for management of relations and interactions. For the theoretical generalization and formation of net structure, there are used scientific recommendations of Ukrainian scientists regarding the necessity to implement subject-to-subject relations in the system of administrative services provision. Results. The investigations allowed confirming that the hierarchical structure of the state governance system does not give an opportunity to implement equal interaction between a subject of provision and a subject of an appeal as these relations have one – way communication and the feedback channel has a formal character. Moreover, the civil society is not considered by state sector to be a source of methods and ways to develop the system of state governance, in particular, the management system of administrative services provision. Practical meaning. The net structure of management will allow implementing the subject-subject relations in the system, under which the actions of the subject of provision – that means state sector – will be directed to the realization of rights and interests of the subjects of appeal. In their turn, apart from the performance of all legislative responsibilities that they should perform, they can carry out activities directed to the development of management activity in the system of administrative services provision and the whole system of state governance as an integral system of management. Meaning/Distinction. The provided model of the net structure will allow involving citizens in the processes of state governance and increasing the impact of the civil sector during the making of state and management decisions and, as a result, to confirm subject-to-subject positions in the relations

The drivers of Corporate Social Responsibility in the supply chain. A case study.

Purpose: The paper studies the way in which a SME integrates CSR into its corporate strategy, the practices it puts in place and how its CSR strategies reflect on its suppliers and customers relations. Methodology/Research limitations: A qualitative case study methodology is used. The use of a single case study limits the generalizing capacity of these findings. Findings: The entrepreneur’s ethical beliefs and value system play a fundamental role in shaping sustainable corporate strategy. Furthermore, the type of competitive strategy selected based on innovation, quality and responsibility clearly emerges both in terms of well defined management procedures and supply chain relations as a whole aimed at involving partners in the process of sustainable innovation. Originality/value: The paper presents a SME that has devised an original innovative business model. The study pivots on the issues of innovation and eco-sustainability in a context of drivers for CRS and business ethics. These values are considered fundamental at International level; the United Nations has declared 2011 the “International Year of Forestry”

International Conference on Management Business and Economy

UBT Annual International Conference is the 11th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent advancements in different research fields, and provide them with a unique forum to share their experiences. It is also the place to support the new academic staff for doing research and publish their work in international standard level. This conference consists of sub conferences in different fields like: Art and Digital Media Agriculture, Food Science and Technology Architecture and Spatial Planning Civil Engineering, Infrastructure and Environment Computer Science and Communication Engineering Dental Sciences Education and Development Energy Efficiency Engineering Integrated Design Information Systems and Security Journalism, Media and Communication Law Language and Culture Management, Business and Economics Modern Music, Digital Production and Management Medicine and Nursing Mechatronics, System Engineering and Robotics Pharmaceutical and Natural Sciences Political Science Psychology Sport, Health and Society Security Studies This conference is the major scientific event of the UBT. It is organizing annually and always in cooperation with the partner universities from the region and Europe. We have to thank all Authors, partners, sponsors and also the conference organizing team making this event a real international scientific event. Edmond Hajrizi, President of UBT UBT – Higher Education Institutio

Sustainable investment in Turkey 2010

The main objectives of this report are as follows: 1 To understand and provide a review of the current state of the Sustainable Investment (SI) market in Turkey, 2 To identify the drivers and obstacles for sustainable investments, and assess the commercial feasibility of different approaches and initiatives that may stimulate the SI market in Turkey, 3 To analyze the institutional prerequisites and interventions that will fuel the development of investments, which would, in turn, encourage a betterallocation of local and international capital to sustainable enterprises and hence support sustainable development of the Turkish economy. This study forms part of a series of assessments of Sustainable Investment (SI) in Brazil (2009), India (2009) and China (2009), and draws upon earlier reports published by IFC jointly with the Economist Intelligence Unit: Sustainable Invest ing in Emerging Markets: Unscathed by the Financial Crises (2010) and with Mercer; Gaining Ground, Integrating Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Factors into Investment Processes in Emerging Markets (2009)

Risk management and risk control for state-owned firms of China

As global economic integration deepens and enterprises scale up their business, the enterprise groups have become the mainstream of the company's development form. Subsidiaries of the Company have grown in size and increasingly diversified. Thus how does the parent Company control its subsidiaries effectively has become an urgent challenge, especially for the state-owned enterprises in China. This thesis studies the management and control of state-owned enterprises in China, carrying certain theoretical and practical significance. The research examined the theory and mechanism of management of SOEs, and evaluation on employee performance. It also analyzed performance evaluation, coordination and risk control strategies of SOEs' subsidiaries. The same studies were repeated on state-owned enterprise groups and extended to the strategies of risk management and risk control. The thesis first examined the conundrum of effective cooperation between subsidiaries of different departments and the parent company for efficient allocation of resources. To tackle this headache, the IAHP and DEA model were adopted to help group decision makers better measure the performance of employees and organizations. The thesis used the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) tool as the main principle and the combination of fuzzy mathematics and Delphi and entropy weight methods as the main methodology to assess the performance. In addition, a novel method of using multi-reasoning, multi-dimensional and dynamic factors was developed to assess the performance of SOE employees, and this method was proven to be effective. Moreover, the super-efficiency DEA model which takes into account work performance, work ability, work attitude, job potential and other factors in the evaluation on employee performance was developed and tested. Finally, risk map for SOEs was proposed and evaluated