INVESTIGATION OF THE STABILITY OF LIQUID AND AIR FILMS BY SYNCHRONIZED TRI-WAVELENGTH REFLECTION INTERFEROMETRY MICROSCOPE

Liquid films are widely involved in many processes, such as froth flotation, oil extraction, foam/bubble stabilization, etc. In the meantime, air films are commonly seen in diverse fields like dust control, ink print, coating industry, and so on. Stabilities of these liquid/air films are of great importance to improve the processes. As more and more researchers are paying increasing attention to liquid/air films, tremendous efforts have been made to explore the properties of the films. On the one hand, some theoretical models have also been well developed in recent decades. State-of-the-art technologies, such as AFM, SFA, and RICM, have also been employed to visualize the films in either a direct or indirect manner. However, due to the limitations of the techniques, it is still challenging to fully uncover the mechanisms of the film stabilities. A new and powerful methodology to characterize the film properties has been a top priority. In this work, a novel technique, namely Synchronized Tri-wavelength Reflection Interferometry Microscope (STRIM), was developed in our lab. It allows the accurate measurement of a separation distance within a range of few nanometers to micrometers. Based on the previous RICM, STRIM employs two additional light sources and achieves the determination of the absolute distance. The accuracy of the film thickness measurements was found to be within 1 nm over a range of 0-200 nm and within 3 nm over the range of 200–1000 nm. By recording the thinning process of films, STRIM is able to reconstruct the spatiotemporal profiles, which contain massive information. First, the conditions under which the films are stable or unstable are the urges to figure out for industrial applications. Besides, the films\u27 stabilities are closely related to the interfacial properties, and thus they can be alternative indicators of some essential properties, such as hydrophobicity. Additionally, the interactions and surface forces across the films between involved surfaces can be calculated by the dynamic film thinning kinetics, unraveling the underlying mechanisms for the processes of interest. Furthermore, other approaches, including AFM, contact angle measurement, and flotation, are also referred to in this work and confirm the drawn conclusions. The STRIM can investigate both the liquid and air films with the flexibility of controlling the involved objects like the surfaces with adjustable hydrophobicity and media with designed properties. This newly-developed equipment has the potential to be extensively used within the colloid and interfacial science and engineering areas

Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, showing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution to July, 1893.

Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution. 1 July. HMD 184 (pts. 1 and 2), 53-2, v29-30, 1622p. [3257-3258] Research related to the American Indian

Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, showing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution to July, 1897.

Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution. 14 Apr. HD 575 (pts. 1-3), 55-2, v78-79 (pts. 1 and 2), 2308p. [3706-3708] Research related to the American Indian

Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, showing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1870.

Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution. 1 Mar. HED 20, 42-1, v2, 494p. [1471] For 1870; research related to American Indians; Indian languages; ethnology of Indians of the Red River of the North; mounds in Georgia, Kentucky, and on the Upper Missouri

Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, showing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the institution for the year 1863.

Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution. 28 June. HMD 83, 38-1, v4, 416p. [1201] Research related to the American Indian; North American archaeology; aboriginal inhabitants of the Californian peninsula

Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, showing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution to July, 1897.

Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution. 14 Apr. HD 575 (pts. 1-3), 55-2, v78-79 (pts. 1 and 2), 1228p. [3706-3708] Research related to the American Indian

Computer-based tools for supporting forest management. The experience and the expertise world-wide

Report of Cost Action FP 0804 Forest Management Decision Support Systems (FORSYS)Computer-based tools for supporting forest management. The experience and the expertise world-wide answers a call from both the research and the professional communities for a synthesis of current knowledge about the use of computerized tools in forest management planning. According to the aims of the Forest Management Decision Support Systems (FORSYS) (http://fp0804.emu.ee/) this synthesis is a critical success factor to develop a comprehensive quality reference for forest management decision support systems. The emphasis of the book is on identifying and assessing the support provided by computerized tools to enhance forest management planning in real-world contexts. The book thus identifies the management planning problems that prevail world-wide to discuss the architecture and the components of the tools used to address them. Of importance is the report of architecture approaches, models and methods, knowledge management and participatory planning techniques used to address specific management planning problems. We think that this synthesis may provide effective support to research and outreach activities that focus on the development of forest management decision support systems. It may contribute further to support forest managers when defining the requirements for a tool that best meets their needs. The first chapter of the book provides an introduction to the use of decision support systems in the forest sector and lays out the FORSYS framework for reporting the experience and expertise acquired in each country. Emphasis is on the FORSYS ontology to facilitate the sharing of experiences needed to characterize and evaluate the use of computerized tools when addressing forest management planning problems. The twenty six country reports share a structure designed to underline a problem-centric focus. Specifically, they all start with the identification of the management planning problems that are prevalent in the country and they move on to the characterization and assessment of the computerized tools used to address them. The reports were led by researchers with background and expertise in areas that range from ecological modeling to forest modeling, management planning and information and communication technology development. They benefited from the input provided by forest practitioners and by organizations that are responsible for developing and implementing forest management plans. A conclusions chapter highlights the success of bringing together such a wide range of disciplines and perspectives. This book benefited from voluntary contributions by 94 authors and from the involvement of several forest stakeholders from twenty six countries in Europe, North and South America, Africa and Asia over a three-year period. We, the chair of FORSYS and the editorial committee of the publication, acknowledge and thank for the valuable contributions from all authors, editors, stakeholders and FORSYS actors involved in this project

List of Bureau of Mines publications and articles, January 1, 1965, to December 31, 1969, with subject and author index

"This compilation supplements the 50-year list of Bureau publications issued from July 1, 1910, to January 1, 1960; the 50-year list of articles by Bureau authors published outside the Bureau from July 1, 1910, to January 1, 1960; and the 5-year list of Bureau publications and articles published from January 1, 1960, to December 31, 1964. It includes all the material in the four annual lists of Bureau publications and articles for January 1, 1965, to December 31, 1968, as well as the Bureau publications and articles for 1969. More than 2,500 publications by Bureau authors published in the regular Bureau of Mines series, in scientific, technical, or trade journals, or in other media are listed and summarized; those available from the Bureau of Mines are indicated. Libraries which maintain files of Bureau publications are listed. Cooperative publications issued by organizations with which the Bureau conducted joint research are described. Patents issued to Bureau personnel are also listed, and instructions are given on how to apply for permission to use them. One of the outstanding features of this special publication is an exhaustive subject and author index." - NIOSHTIC-2NIOSHTIC no. 1000888719701171

List of Bureau of Mines publications and articles, January 1, 1960, to December 31, 1964 with subject and author index

The Bureau of Mines was establis4ed in the public interest to conduct inquiries and scientific and technologic investigations concerning mining and the preparation, treatment, and utilization of mineral substances; to promote health and safety in the mineral industries; to conserve mineral resources and prevent their waste; to further economic development; to increase efficiency in the mining, metallurgical, quarrying, and other mineral industries; and to inquire into the economic conditions affecting these industries. The organic act of the Bureau, as amended by Congress and approved February 25, 1913, made it the province and duty of the Bureau to "disseminate information concerning these subjects 'in such manner as will best carry out the purposes of this Act.\ue2\u20ac?In accordance with that directive, the Bureau reports the findings of its research and investigations in its own series of publications and also in articles that appear in scientific, technical, and trade journals; in proceedings of conventions and seminars; in reference books; and in other non-Bureau sources. The number of these reports, the wide range of subjects they cover, and the variety of mediums in which they appear make the kind of list and index presented in this special publication both necessary and valuable. This issue describes Bureau reports and articles published during the period January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1964. It supplements the 50-year list of Bureau publications issued from July 1, 1910, to January 1, 1960, and the 50-year list of articles by Bureau authors published outside the Bureau from July 1, 1910, to January 1, 1960. It supersedes the annual lists of Bureau publications and articles from January 1 to December 31, 1960, from January 1 to December 31, 1961, from January 1 to December 31, 1962, and from January 1 to December 31, 1963.7The leading general and technical libraries of the United States maintain files of the Bureau's publications. A list of these libraries appears immediately following this introduction