649 research outputs found
Resource Oriented Architecture and REST
In light of the emerging discussion on Resource Oriented Architectures (ROA) and REST technology platform as solutions for Spatial Data distributed Infrastructures, the aim of this document is capture Resource Oriented Architectures principles and assess the feasibility as well as the advantages of using such approach compared with Service Oriented Architectures (SOA). Although most of the comments are domain independent we will use the INSPIRE (and the OGC services) infrastructure that is currently based on a SOA as domain for the comparative analysis.JRC.H.6-Spatial data infrastructure
Middleware Technologies for Cloud of Things - a survey
The next wave of communication and applications rely on the new services
provided by Internet of Things which is becoming an important aspect in human
and machines future. The IoT services are a key solution for providing smart
environments in homes, buildings and cities. In the era of a massive number of
connected things and objects with a high grow rate, several challenges have
been raised such as management, aggregation and storage for big produced data.
In order to tackle some of these issues, cloud computing emerged to IoT as
Cloud of Things (CoT) which provides virtually unlimited cloud services to
enhance the large scale IoT platforms. There are several factors to be
considered in design and implementation of a CoT platform. One of the most
important and challenging problems is the heterogeneity of different objects.
This problem can be addressed by deploying suitable "Middleware". Middleware
sits between things and applications that make a reliable platform for
communication among things with different interfaces, operating systems, and
architectures. The main aim of this paper is to study the middleware
technologies for CoT. Toward this end, we first present the main features and
characteristics of middlewares. Next we study different architecture styles and
service domains. Then we presents several middlewares that are suitable for CoT
based platforms and lastly a list of current challenges and issues in design of
CoT based middlewares is discussed.Comment: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864817301268,
Digital Communications and Networks, Elsevier (2017
Middleware Technologies for Cloud of Things - a survey
The next wave of communication and applications rely on the new services
provided by Internet of Things which is becoming an important aspect in human
and machines future. The IoT services are a key solution for providing smart
environments in homes, buildings and cities. In the era of a massive number of
connected things and objects with a high grow rate, several challenges have
been raised such as management, aggregation and storage for big produced data.
In order to tackle some of these issues, cloud computing emerged to IoT as
Cloud of Things (CoT) which provides virtually unlimited cloud services to
enhance the large scale IoT platforms. There are several factors to be
considered in design and implementation of a CoT platform. One of the most
important and challenging problems is the heterogeneity of different objects.
This problem can be addressed by deploying suitable "Middleware". Middleware
sits between things and applications that make a reliable platform for
communication among things with different interfaces, operating systems, and
architectures. The main aim of this paper is to study the middleware
technologies for CoT. Toward this end, we first present the main features and
characteristics of middlewares. Next we study different architecture styles and
service domains. Then we presents several middlewares that are suitable for CoT
based platforms and lastly a list of current challenges and issues in design of
CoT based middlewares is discussed.Comment: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864817301268,
Digital Communications and Networks, Elsevier (2017
Managing large amounts of data generated by a Smart City internet of things deployment
The Smart City concept is being developed from a lot of different axes encompassing multiple areas of social and technical sciences. However, something that is common to all these approaches is the central role that the capacity of sharing information has. Hence, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are seen as key enablers for the transformation of urban regions into Smart Cities. Two of these technologies, namely Internet of Things and Big Data, have a predominant position among them. The capacity to "sense the city" and access all this information and provide added-value services based on knowledge derived from it are critical to achieving the Smart City vision. This paper reports on the specification and implementation of a software platform enabling the management and exposure of the large amount of information that is continuously generated by the IoT deployment in the city of Santander.This work has been partially funded by the research project SmartSantander, under FP7-
ICT-2009-5 of the 7th Framework Programme of the European Community. The authors
would also like to express their gratitude to the Spanish government for the funding in
the following project: "Connectivity as a Service: Access for the Internet of the Future",
COSAIF (TEC2012-38574-C02-01)
Migrating Integration from SOAP to REST : Can the Advantages of Migration Justify the Project?
This thesis investigates the functional and conceptual differences between SOAP-based and RESTful web services and their implications in the context of a real-world migration project. The primary research questions addressed are:
• What are the key functional and conceptual differences between SOAP-based and RESTful web services?
• How can SOAP-based and RESTful service clients be implemented into a general client?
• Can developing a client to work with REST and SOAP be justified based on differences in performance and maintainability?
The thesis begins with a literature review of the core principles and features of SOAP and REST, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and suitability for different use cases. A detailed comparison table is provided to summarize the key differences between the two web services.
The thesis presents a case study of a migration project from Lemonsoft's web team, which involved adapting an existing integration to support SOAP-based and RESTful services. The project utilized design patterns and a general client implementation to achieve a unified solution compatible with both protocols.
In terms of performance, the evaluation showed that the general client led to faster execution times and reduced memory usage, enhancing the overall system efficiency. Additionally, improvements in maintainability were achieved by simplifying the codebase, using design patterns and object factories, adopting an interface-driven design, and promoting collaborative code reviews. These enhancements have not only resulted in a better user experience but also minimized future resource demands and maintenance costs.
In conclusion, this thesis provides valuable insights into the functional and conceptual differences between SOAP-based and RESTful web services, the challenges and best practices for implementing a general client, and the justification for resource usage in such a solution based on performance and maintainability improvements
Thesis
This thesis details the design and development of a new messaging system for use in the mobile space. This
messaging system consists of one back-end server, an API, a proxy server, client components, and a website.
Developing such a system for the mobile space is a challenge, however, due to the unique characteristics
found in the mobile space. Solutions to overcome these challenges are derived from RESTful web services
and cloud computing technologies. Furthermore, the HTTP and CoAP protocols are explored for use in this
messaging system. Experiments are then conducted to derive the most optimal protocol. For the purposes
of testing this messaging system, two adaptive application management features are developed and provided
through the system to the mobile development community. The rst feature is GUI Menu Ordering, which
allows developers to adapt their application menu's automatically depending on user usage. The second
feature is Proficiency User Modeling, which allows developers to automatically con gure their applications
depending on user use behavior style. Results show the successful development of an event messaging system.
In terms of the protocols CoAP surpasses HTTP in terms of performance and data consumption. However,
the addition of a required CoAP proxy server a ects performance and client/server data consumption. Thus
CoAP becomes slower than HTTP, but consumes less data if only the client data is measured. Furthermore,
results show that if encryption is used there is an a ect. CoAP with encryption remains faster than HTTPS,
even with a CoAP proxy server
Internet of things
Manual of Digital Earth / Editors: Huadong Guo, Michael F. Goodchild, Alessandro Annoni .- Springer, 2020 .- ISBN: 978-981-32-9915-3Digital Earth was born with the aim of replicating the real world within the digital world. Many efforts have been made to observe and sense the Earth, both from space (remote sensing) and by using in situ sensors. Focusing on the latter, advances in Digital Earth have established vital bridges to exploit these sensors and their networks by taking location as a key element. The current era of connectivity envisions that everything is connected to everything. The concept of the Internet of Things(IoT)emergedasaholisticproposaltoenableanecosystemofvaried,heterogeneous networked objects and devices to speak to and interact with each other. To make the IoT ecosystem a reality, it is necessary to understand the electronic components, communication protocols, real-time analysis techniques, and the location of the objects and devices. The IoT ecosystem and the Digital Earth (DE) jointly form interrelated infrastructures for addressing today’s pressing issues and complex challenges. In this chapter, we explore the synergies and frictions in establishing an efficient and permanent collaboration between the two infrastructures, in order to adequately address multidisciplinary and increasingly complex real-world problems. Although there are still some pending issues, the identified synergies generate optimism for a true collaboration between the Internet of Things and the Digital Earth
General Architecture for Development of Virtual Coaches for Healthy Habits Monitoring and Encouragement
Good health is the result of a healthy lifestyle, where caring about physical activity
and nutrition are key concerns. However, in today’s society, nutritional disorders are becoming
increasingly frequent, affecting children, adults, and elderly people, mainly due to limited nutrition
knowledge and the lack of a healthy lifestyle. A commonly adopted therapy to these imbalances
is to monitor physical activity and daily habits, such as recording exercise or creating custom meal
plans to count the amount of macronutrients and micronutrients acquired in each meal. Nowadays,
many health tracking applications (HTA) have been developed that, for instance, record energy
intake as well as users’ physiological parameters, or measure the physical activity during the day.
However, most existing HTA do not have a uniform architectural design on top of which to build
other applications and services. In this manuscript, we present system architecture intended to serve
as a reference architecture for building HTA solutions. In order to validate the proposed architecture,
we performed a preliminary evaluation with 15 well recognized experts in systems and software
architecture from different entities around world and who have estimated that our proposal can
generate architecture for HTA that is adequate, reliable, secure, modifiable, portable, functional, and
with high conceptual integrity. In order to show the applicability of the architecture in different
HTA, we developed two telemonitoring systems based on it, targeted to different tasks: nutritional
coaching (Food4Living) and physical exercise coaching (TrainME). The purpose was to illustrate the
kind of end-user monitoring applications that could be developed.
Keywords: telemonitoring; healthy habits; virtual coaches; system
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