24,327 research outputs found
Mobile support in CSCW applications and groupware development frameworks
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an established subset of the field of Human Computer Interaction that deals with the how people use computing technology to enhance group interaction and collaboration. Mobile CSCW has emerged as a result of the progression from personal desktop computing to the mobile device platforms that are ubiquitous today.
CSCW aims to not only connect people and facilitate communication through using computers; it aims to provide conceptual models coupled with technology to manage, mediate, and assist collaborative processes. Mobile CSCW research looks to fulfil these aims through the adoption of mobile technology and consideration for the mobile user. Facilitating collaboration using mobile devices brings new challenges. Some of these challenges are inherent to the nature of the device hardware, while others focus on the understanding of how to engineer software to maximize effectiveness for the end-users. This paper reviews seminal and state-of-the-art cooperative software applications and development frameworks, and their support for mobile devices
Trust Evaluation for Embedded Systems Security research challenges identified from an incident network scenario
This paper is about trust establishment and trust
evaluations techniques. A short background about trust, trusted
computing and security in embedded systems is given. An analysis
has been done of an incident network scenario with roaming
users and a set of basic security needs has been identified.
These needs have been used to derive security requirements for devices and systems, supporting the considered scenario. Using the requirements, a list of major security challenges for future research regarding trust establishment in dynamic networks have been collected and elaboration on some different approaches for future research has been done.This work was supported by the Knowledge foundation and RISE within the ARIES project
An Approach to Ad hoc Cloud Computing
We consider how underused computing resources within an enterprise may be
harnessed to improve utilization and create an elastic computing
infrastructure. Most current cloud provision involves a data center model, in
which clusters of machines are dedicated to running cloud infrastructure
software. We propose an additional model, the ad hoc cloud, in which
infrastructure software is distributed over resources harvested from machines
already in existence within an enterprise. In contrast to the data center cloud
model, resource levels are not established a priori, nor are resources
dedicated exclusively to the cloud while in use. A participating machine is not
dedicated to the cloud, but has some other primary purpose such as running
interactive processes for a particular user. We outline the major
implementation challenges and one approach to tackling them
Dealing with abstraction: Case study generalisation as a method for eliciting design patterns
Developing a pattern language is a non-trivial problem. A critical requirement is a method to support pattern writers with abstraction, so as they can produce generalised patterns. In this paper, we address this issue by developing a structured process of generalisation. It is important that this process is initiated through engaging participants in identifying initial patterns, i.e. directly dealing with the 'cold-start' problem. We have found that short case study descriptions provide a productive 'way into' the process for participants. We reflect on a 1-year interdisciplinary pan-European research project involving the development of almost 30 cases and over 150 patterns. We provide example cases, detailing the process by which their associated patterns emerged. This was based on a foundation for generalisation from cases with common attributes. We discuss the merits of this approach and its implications for pattern development
Context Aware Computing for The Internet of Things: A Survey
As we are moving towards the Internet of Things (IoT), the number of sensors
deployed around the world is growing at a rapid pace. Market research has shown
a significant growth of sensor deployments over the past decade and has
predicted a significant increment of the growth rate in the future. These
sensors continuously generate enormous amounts of data. However, in order to
add value to raw sensor data we need to understand it. Collection, modelling,
reasoning, and distribution of context in relation to sensor data plays
critical role in this challenge. Context-aware computing has proven to be
successful in understanding sensor data. In this paper, we survey context
awareness from an IoT perspective. We present the necessary background by
introducing the IoT paradigm and context-aware fundamentals at the beginning.
Then we provide an in-depth analysis of context life cycle. We evaluate a
subset of projects (50) which represent the majority of research and commercial
solutions proposed in the field of context-aware computing conducted over the
last decade (2001-2011) based on our own taxonomy. Finally, based on our
evaluation, we highlight the lessons to be learnt from the past and some
possible directions for future research. The survey addresses a broad range of
techniques, methods, models, functionalities, systems, applications, and
middleware solutions related to context awareness and IoT. Our goal is not only
to analyse, compare and consolidate past research work but also to appreciate
their findings and discuss their applicability towards the IoT.Comment: IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials Journal, 201
IT impacts on operation-level agility in service industries
A new kind of Web-based application, known as Enterprise Mashups, has gained momentum in the
last years: Business users with no or limited programming skills are empowered to leverage in a
collaborative manner user friendly building blocks and to combine and reuse existing Web-based
resources within minutes to new value added applications in order to solve an individual and ad-hoc
business problem. Current discussions of the Mashup paradigm in the scientific community are limited
on technical aspects. The collaboration and the peer production management aspects of the Mashup
development have received less attention yet. In this paper, we propose a reference model for
Enterprise Mashups which provides a foundation to develop and to analyse grassroots Enterprise
Mashup environments from a managerial and collaborative perspective. By following the design
science research approach, we investigate existing reference models and leverage the St. Gallen
Media Reference Model (MRM). The development of Enterprise Mashups is structured by market
transaction phases similar to electronic markets. The user roles, the necessary processes and the
resulting services are modelled according to the views of the MRM. By means of the SAP Research
RoofTop Marketplace prototype we demonstrate the application of the designed reference model for
grassroots Enterprise Mashups environments
The PAX Toolkit and its Applications at Tevatron and LHC
At the CHEP03 conference we launched the Physics Analysis eXpert (PAX), a C++
toolkit released for the use in advanced high energy physics (HEP) analyses.
This toolkit allows to define a level of abstraction beyond detector
reconstruction by providing a general, persistent container model for HEP
events. Physics objects such as particles, vertices and collisions can easily
be stored, accessed and manipulated. Bookkeeping of relations between these
objects (like decay trees, vertex and collision separation, etc.) including
deep copies is fully provided by the relation management. Event container and
associated objects represent a uniform interface for algorithms and facilitate
the parallel development and evaluation of different physics interpretations of
individual events. So-called analysis factories, which actively identify and
distinguish different physics processes and study systematic uncertainties, can
easily be realized with the PAX toolkit.
PAX is officially released to experiments at Tevatron and LHC. Being explored
by a growing user community, it is applied in a number of complex physics
analyses, two of which are presented here. We report the successful application
in studies of t-tbar production at the Tevatron and Higgs searches in the
channel t-tbar-Higgs at the LHC and give a short outlook on further
developments
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