102 research outputs found
A function-first approach to doubt
Doubt is a much-maligned state. We are racked by doubts, tormented by doubts, plagued by them, paralysed. Doubts can be troubling, consuming, agonising. But however ill-regarded is doubt, anxiety is more so. We recognise the significance of doubting in certain contexts, and allow ourselves to be guided by our doubts. For example, the criminal standard of proof operative in the U.K., U.S., as well as in most other anglophone countries, Germany, Italy, Sweden and Israel, requires for conviction to be permissible that the defendantâs guilt is proved beyond reasonable doubt; to feel a doubt about a defendantâs guilt, so long as it is reasonable, is reason to refrain from convicting. But our folk understanding of anxiety ascribes no value to that state. Anxiety is inherently unpleasant and irrational; it prevents us from being able to perform well when it is most important to us that we do; it is an emotion that, if we could, weâd eliminate from our emotional toolbox. Yet in this thesis, I offer a vindication of doubt â a defence of doubt in terms of what it does for us â on which it ultimately turns out to be a kind of anxiety. The basic idea is that the concept of doubt serves a function for us that we couldnât do without: it signals when we should begin inquiry. I will argue that the concept doubt is able to serve this function because the state it picks out, the state of doubt, is a kind of anxiety: epistemic anxiety. I develop a picture of epistemic anxiety as an emotional response to epistemic risk: potential disvalue in the epistemic realm. Because doubt is a kind of anxiety, it has the right kind of representational and motivational profile to track epistemic risk in our environments, and motivate us to reduce or avoid that risk. This makes it hugely valuable for us, as knowledge-seeking creatures, given the incompatibility of knowledge with high levels of epistemic risk
Digital psykisk helse - Finnes det en sammenheng mellom behandlers intensjon til og faktiske bruk av digital behandling i psykisk helse og avhengighetsbehandling?
EtterspÞrselen fra pasienter med behov for psykisk helse og avhengighetsbehandling Þker. Digital behandling fremheves av helsemyndigheter som en moderne og innovativ mÄte Ä mÞte dette behovet pÄ. Imidlertid er det mer uklart hvordan klinikere i poliklinikker oppfatter bruken av digital behandling.
Hensikten med studien har vÊrt Ä identifisere hvor det er muligheter for intervensjon til Ä kunne pÄvirke bruken av digital behandling. Studien har undersÞkt om det er sammenheng mellom behandleres intensjon til, og faktisk bruk av digital behandling. Studien har undersÞkt hvilke bakgrunnsvariabler som pÄvirker bruken av digital behandling, og om det er en sammenheng mellom digital helsekompetanse og bruken av digital behandling.
Studien har en kvantitativ metode, med Theory of planned behavoir (TPB) som teoretisk rammeverk. Behandlere (n=31) ved poliklinikker inne psykisk helse og avhengighetsbehandling pÄ SÞrlandet Sykehus har besvart et spÞrreskjema, og informasjon om bruk av digital behandling ble hentet fra DIPS. Sti-analyse, multippel lineÊr regresjonsanalyse og Goodman and Kruskal's gamma ble benyttet for Ä analysere data.
Det er funnet en signifikant sammenheng mellom holdninger og intensjon til Ä benytte digital behandling, men det er ikke funnet en sammenheng mellom behandleres intensjon til og faktisk bruk av digital behandling. Studien viser at hÞyere alder Þker sannsynligheten for Ä benytte digital behandling, og at digital behandling brukes mest i fagomrÄdet psykisk helse for voksne.
Videre studier trengs for Ä undersÞke om bruken av digital behandling endrer seg, dersom mulighetene for intervensjon pÄvirkes
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Examining university student satisfaction and barriers to taking online remote exams
Recent years have seen a surge in the popularity of online exams at universities, due to the greater convenience and flexibility they offer both students and institutions. Driven by the dearth of empirical data on distance learning students' satisfaction levels and the difficulties they face when taking online exams, a survey with 562 students at The Open University (UK) was conducted to gain insights into their experiences with this type of exam. Satisfaction was reported with the environment and exams, while work commitments and technical difficulties presented the greatest barriers. Gender, race and disability were also associated with different levels of satisfaction and barriers. This study adds to the increasing number of studies into online exams, demonstrating how this type of exam can still have a substantial effect on students experienced in online learning systems and
technologies
you are variations
you are variations is a ten-year-long study of tree water-cycles
in which scientific climate change research has provided environmental data on
sap flow that is here transposed into a musical score. The score is enacted live
â including in-situ â in collaboration with electro-acoustic ensembles. By
turning climate data into sound-performances, the research draws attention
to the sophisticated energy balance of trees under changing environmental
conditions, contributing to scientific research concerned with climate futures,
and evidences a committed stance in art as sustained experimental (re-)search
into transformative power.
Inspired ecopolitically by Isabelle Stengers, Donna J. Haraway and
Bruno Latour, aesthetically by Pauline Oliveros and Catherine Christer Hennix et.
al., the project exercises how to think and work across wounded worlds together.
In gathering disciplines that are unfamiliar to each other â linking environmental,
cultural and mental ecologies â the project reveals âdifferenceâ, theoretically
drawing on the work of Alfred North Whitehead, FĂ©lix Guattari, Gilles Deleuze,
Jean-Luc Nancy and Elizabeth Grosz.
The key methodology, âecology of translationâ, incites gaps and transpositions
as acts of mediation in a complex process of evolving relationalities between
art-music, science and the climate. It conceives of âtrans-lationâ as human,
and more-than-human activity; creative in the making of a âre-lational, resonant
kinshipâ, based not on sameness, but alterity.
It is the experience of wholeness that is the significant outcome
of this transdisciplinary practice across a vast range of contemporary climate
urgencies. The conclusion elicits a new term for the felt experience of wholeness
instantiated by you are variations performances: /wi/. Addressing the problematic
term âweâ, exclusive in its presupposed inclusivity, /wi/ denotes the experiential
communion of tree, you and self, exemplified in the poetic, ecopolitical
movement the research brought about: in asking âCan we learn to listen to
a tree?â you are variations advocates how to become /wi/ with the world
âItâs all about making choicesâ: Paradigms of moral practice in a Catholic Primary School
The research undertaken for this investigation took place at a time when social media gave greater exposure to morally questionable actions by prominent politicians and celebrities. At the same time, faith schools underwent a major change in their structure as Multi-Academy Trusts were set up across diocesan regions. The social milieu that existed leads to serious concerns about the moral atmosphere that exists in the so-called âmeta-verseâ and its impact on both the well-being of children and their moral development.
This research was an ethnographic study of a single Roman Catholic primary school and explored the perceptions of various actors, consisting of children and adults, and their interactions as a community of faith that strives to negotiate this moral maze in a period of societal and educational upheaval.
The study works at an interface between a range of psychological theories, the moral doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church, and the Ecological Theory of Bronfenbrenner which posits the interaction of multiple factors that influence the final outcomes in the moral development of the children concerned. The findings from observations, field notes, and a series of interviews with teachers and pupils at the school are explored through these three lenses.
Findings suggest that the school is in a strong position to resist the onslaught of secularisation and academisation. Children are offered a range of experiences which enable moral growth to take place in a supportive environment which interprets the teachings of the Catholic Church in terms of the many ecologies which the children inhabit.
Implications suggest an ongoing need for adult formation, both in parishes and in the teaching profession, if a truly Catholic moral environment is to be sustained in homes and schools
a model to improve the evaluation and selection of public contest candidates in the Police Force
Goncalves, M. B., Anastasiadou, M., & Santos, V. (2022). AI and public contests: a model to improve the evaluation and selection of public contest candidates in the Police Force. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 16(4), 22. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-05-2022-0078 ---- Bailao Goncalves, M., Anastasiadou, M., & Santos, V. (2022). AI and public contests: a model to improve the evaluation and selection of public contest candidates in the Police Force. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-05-2022-0078Abstract Purpose The number of candidates applying to public contests (PC) is increasing compared to the number of human resources employees required for selecting them for the Police Force (PF). This work intends to perceive how those public institutions can evaluate and select their candidates efficiently during the different phases of the recruitment process. To achieve this purpose, artificial intelligence (AI) was studied. This paper aims to focus on analysing the AI technologies most used and appropriate to the PF as a complementary recruitment strategy of the National Criminal Investigation police agency of Portugal â PolĂcia JudiciĂĄria. Design/methodology/approach Using design science research as a methodological approach, the authors suggest a theoretical framework in pair with the segmentation of the candidates and comprehend the most important facts facing public institutions regarding the usage of AI technologies to make decisions about evaluating and selecting candidates. Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses methodology guidelines, a systematic literature review and meta-analyses method was adopted to identify how the usage and exploitation of transparent AI positively impact the recruitment process of a public institution, resulting in an analysis of 34 papers between 2017 and 2021. Findings Results suggest that the conceptual pairing of evaluation and selection problems of candidates who apply to PC with applicable AI technology such as K-means, hierarchical clustering, artificial neural network and convolutional neural network algorithms can support the recruitment process and could help reduce the workload in the entire process while maintaining the standard of responsibility. The combination of AI and human decision-making is a fair, objective and unbiased process emphasising a decision-making process free of nepotism and favouritism when carefully developed. Innovative and modern as a category, group the statements that emphasise the innovative and contemporary nature of the process. Research limitations/implications There are two main limitations in this study that should be considered. Firstly, the difficulty regarding the timetable, privacy and legal issues associated with public institutions. Secondly, a small group of experts served as the validation group for the new framework. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted to alleviate this constraint. They provide additional insights into an intervieweeâs opinions and beliefs. Social implications Ensure that the system is fair, transparent and facilitates their application process. Originality/value The main contribution is the AI-based theoretical framework, applicable within the analysis of literature papers, focusing on the problem of how the institutions can gain insights about their candidates while profiling them, how to obtain more accurate information from the interview phase and how to reach a more rigorous assessment of their emotional intelligence providing a better alignment of moral values. This work aims to improve the decision-making process of a PF institution recruiter by turning it into a more automated and evidence-based decision when recruiting an adequate candidate for the job vacancy.authorsversionpublishe
Antarcticness: Inspirations and imaginaries
Antarcticness joins disciplines, communication approaches and ideas to explore meanings and depictions of Antarctica. Personal and professional words in poetry and prose, plus images, present and represent Antarctica, as presumed and as imagined, alongside what is experienced around the continent and by those watching from afar. These understandings explain how the Antarctic is viewed and managed while identifying aspects which should be more prominent in policy and practice.
The authors and artists place Antarctica, and the perceptions and knowledge through Antarcticness, within inspirations and imaginations, without losing sight of the multiple interests pushing the continentâs governance as it goes through rapid political and environmental changes. Given the diversity and disparity of the influences and changes, the bookâs contributions connect to provide a more coherent and encompassing perspective of how society views Antarctica, scientifically and artistically, and what the continent provides and could provide politically, culturally and environmentally.
Offering original research, art and interpretations of different experiences and explorations of Antarctica, explanations meld with narratives while academic analyses overlap with first-hand experiences of what Antarctica does and does not â could and could not â bring to the world
Communicating climate risk: a toolkit
The Communicating Climate Risk toolkit draws together best practice on the effective communication of climate information from across STEM, social sciences, and arts and humanities. It provides users with insights, recommendations, and tools for all forms of climate-related communication and decision-making, and identifies open problems
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