Central bank independence: Theory and evidence (Revised version)

Game Theory;Central Banks

Essential hidden variables: an introduction and novel algorithm for detection

It has recently been shown that Bayesian networks with hidden variables represent a wider range of probabilistic distributions than Bayesian networks without hidden variables. After introducing the general concept of a hidden variable and how it can be understood in Bayesian networks, we present a distinction between optimizing and essential hidden variables. We propose that it is only essential hidden variables that add representational power to Bayesian networks. We then explain past research with hidden variables in light of this new distinction and implement an exploratory algorithm to find essential hidden variables and to examine the conditions on the distribution that hint at their existence

Catalog 1999-2000

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/catalogs/1023/thumbnail.jp

Northeastern Illinois University, 1994-1995

https://neiudc.neiu.edu/catalogs/1035/thumbnail.jp

The effects of culture on management practices in the public service organisations in the Southern Sudan

This research is an investigation into the effects of culture on management practices. The investigation centres primarily in the theory of culture patterns. It illustrates how the behaviour patterns are formed through socialization in the institutions of the society, and how they are transmitted into an organizational environment through the individual member's attitudes, perceptions, interpretations and interaction with one another. The objective of the investigation is to understand the mechanics of the effects of culture in management practices, so that complementary theories, techniques and practices can be developed to avoid conflict of culture and management practices. The absence of conflict between culture and management practices can create a desirable atmosphere for organizational efficiency and effectiveness. The research uses a phenomenologically-based method in investigating the conflict of culture and management practices. The essential feature in the phenomenologically-based research method is in the understanding of the individual subjective experience as a source of knowledge about the subject or the phenomena of investigation. In this research the subjective experiences of eight senior local government administrators from the Southern Sudan are used to illustrate the conflict of culture and management practices in public service organizations in that environment. The research concludes that the conflict of culture and management practices can be resolved by doing the following two things: First, by identifying the forces of divergence and convergence in the cultural and organizational environment. Second, by reducing the process of cultural and organizational divergence in order to achieve a considerable convergence through a mutually-inclusive model that accommodates both the local culture and the local organizational interest