The Challenges of “Comparative Urbanism” in Post Fordist Cities: The cases of Turin and Detroit

In 1947, the U.S. Secretary of State, George C. Marshall announced that the USA would provide development aid to help the recovery and reconstruction of the economies of Europe, which was widely known as the ‘Marshall Plan’. In Italy, this plan generated a resurgence of modern industrialization and remodeled Italian Industry based on American models of production. As the result of these transnational transfers, the systemic approach known as Fordism largely succeeded and allowed some Italian firms such as Fiat to flourish. During this period, Detroit and Turin, homes to the most powerful automobile corporations of the twentieth century, became intertwined in a web of common features such as industrial concentration, mass flows of immigrations, uneven urban sprawl, radical iconography and inner-city decay, which characterized Fordism in both cities. In the crucial decades of the postwar expansion of the automobile industries, both cities were hubs of labor battles and social movements. However, after the radical decline in their industries as previous auto cities, they experienced the radical shift toward post-Fordist urbanization and production of political urbanism. This research responds to the recent interest for a comparative (re)turn in urban studies by suggesting the conceptual theoretical baseline for the proposed comparative framework in post-Fordist cities. In better words, it develops a “theory” on the challenges of comparative urbanism in post-Fordist cities

Looking For Black Religions In 20th Century Comics: 1931-1993

Relationships between religion and comics are generally unexplored in the academic literature. This article provides a brief history of Black religions in comic books, cartoons, animation, and newspaper strips, looking at African American Christianity, Islam, Africana (African diaspora) religions, and folk traditions such as Hoodoo and Conjure in the 20th century. Even though the treatment of Black religions in the comics was informed by stereotypical depictions of race and religion in United States (US) popular culture, African American comics creators contested these by offering alternatives in their treatment of Black religion themes

The digital era: an essay on interculturality and technology

That the future has come there is no doubt. But there are some countries which have embraced the digital era more than others. South Korea has been well on the vanguard of technology for the last fifteen years. From the latest cell-phone technology to megalomaniac futuristic “U-cities”, South Korea is looking to establish itself as the world leader in technology and science. Being a “new” country, still in search for its place in the world, Korea has come a long way since World War II and the Korean War. Overcoming war, anarchy, dictatorship and deep economic crisis, Korea has been slowly crawling into the international spotlight. But not only technology and science make the core of Korea’s success. The strong will of its people and the visionary political and social stances adopted by the governments of the Sixth Republic1 also helped to shape Korean society into a role-model for the modern Western world. With well-defined goals for the future, Korea should be looked at as an example of the integration of the latest technologies into day-to-day life. This short reflection aims to unveil the secrets of the success of the Asian advent of technologyand its long-lasting relationship with videogames, and to give a glimpse into the future of Western societies.Não há dúvida de que o futuro chegou. Mas certos países acolheram a era digital melhor do que outros. A Coreia do Sul está na vanguarda da tecnologia há quinze anos e, com um portefólio que abrange desde o último grito dos telemóveis às futuristas e megalomaníacas “U-cities”, está no bom caminho para se afirmar como o líder mundial em tecnologia e ciência. Sendo um país “novo”, ainda sem lugar definido no mundo, a Coreia evoluiu muito desde a Segunda Guerra Mundial e a Guerra da Coreia. Após ultrapassar a guerra, a anarquia, a ditadura e uma dura crise económica, a Coreia vem caminhando lentamente em direcção à ribalta. Mas não só de tecnologia e ciência se faz o sucesso da Coreia. Também a vontade do seu povo e as medidas políticas e sociais visionárias adoptadas pelos governos da Sexta República ajudaram a Coreia a tornar-se um exemplo para o mundo Ocidental moderno. Com objectivos traçados para o futuro, a Coreia deve ser vista como um exemplo de integração das últimas tecnologias no dia-a-dia. Esta curta reflexão almeja revelar alguns dos segredos do sucesso da revolução tecnológica asiática e da sua duradoura relação com os videojogos, e propor um vislumbre do futuro das sociedades Ocidentais.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Indigenous People of Western New York

Buffalo has a low proportion of foreign born residents compared to other cities. But an unusually high percentage of the region’s foreign-born are refugees. Buffalo has become a top location for refugee resettlement in the nation

Detection and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium parvum in British European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)

Surveillance was conducted for the occurrence of protozoan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Great Britain. In total, 108 voided faecal samples were collected from hedgehogs newly admitted to eight wildlife casualty treatment and rehabilitation centres. Terminal large intestinal (LI) contents from three hedgehog carcasses were also analysed. Information on host and location variables, including faecal appearance, body weight, and apparent health status, was compiled. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene, confirmed by sequencing, revealed an 8% (9/111) occurrence of Cryptosporidium parvum in faeces or LI contents, with no significant association between the host or location variables and infection. Archived small intestinal (SI) tissue from a hedgehog with histological evidence of cryptosporidiosis was also positive for C. parvum by PCR and sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. No other Cryptosporidium species were detected. PCR and sequencing of the glycoprotein 60 gene identified three known zoonotic C. parvum subtypes not previously found in hedgehogs: IIdA17G1 (n=4), IIdA19G1 (n=1) and IIdA24G1 (n=1). These subtypes are also known to infect livestock. Another faecal sample contained C. parvum IIcA5G3j which has been found previously in hedgehogs, and for which there is one published report in a human, but is not known to affect livestock. The presence of zoonotic subtypes of C. parvum in British hedgehogs highlights a potential public health concern. Further research is needed to better understand the epidemiology and potential impacts of Cryptosporidium infection in hedgehogs