4,083 research outputs found

    Hospitality Analysis of IS Innovation

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    The problematic nature of popular structured methodologies and methodological frames that ‘straightjacket’ the complex social and organizational processes encompassing system development have been widely reported but few theoretically informed analyses or remedies have been proposed. We draw upon Ciborra’s insightful concept of Xenia (i.e. hospitality) to reveal the intrinsic and heterogeneous nature of the socio-technical interplay underlying processes of organizational innovation mediated through technologies. Social processes of development and implementation are illuminated through the notion of hospitality which offers interesting insights into ‘messy’ socio-technical dynamics, often invisible and ignored by structured methodologies

    Activity theory, complexity and sports coaching: An epistemology for a discipline

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    The aim of this article is two-fold. Firstly, it is to advance the case for Activity Theory (AT) as a credible and alternative lens to view and research sports coaching. Secondly, it is to position this assertion within the wider debate about the epistemology of coaching. Following a framing introduction, a more comprehensive review of the development and current conceptualisation of AT is given. Here, AT’s evolution through three distinct phases and related theorists, namely Vygotsky, Leont’ev and Engeström, is initially traced. This gives way to a more detailed explanation of AT’s principal conceptual components, including ‘object’, ‘subject’, ‘tools’ (mediating artefacts), ‘rules’, a ‘community’ and a ‘division of labour’. An example is then presented from empirical work illustrating how AT can be used as a means to research sports coaching. The penultimate section locates such thinking within coaching’s current ‘epistemological debate; arguing that the coaching ‘self’ is not an autonomous individual, but a relative part of social and cultural arrangements. Finally, a conclusion summarises the main points made, particularly in terms in presenting the grounding constructivist epistemology of AT as a potential way forward for sports coaching

    Conceptualising choral play: the creative experience of aleatory choral music

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    This doctoral thesis aims to answer the question: How do performers undertake and experience choral aleatorism, and how might these processes suggest an emergent practice that can inform the efforts of singers, conductors, and composers? While the choral ensemble has historically been regarded as expressively unanimous (Hillier 2012), aleatorism problematises this notion through a postmodern ‘dismantling’ of a unified voice (Connor 2014). The etymology of ‘aleatory’ encapsulates both play and players; this project investigates inductively the creative contributions of singers as ‘players’ in the dismantled, fractured texture of aleatorism. After setting out the philosophical parameters and catalysts for this line of practical examination (Introduction), choral aleatory practice is contextualised according to a performercentric view of indeterminacy and improvisation, drawing on the field of performance studies to argue for the need to interrogate the actions and decisions of those performers (Chapter 2). Complexity Thinking (Davis and Sumara 2006) and embodiment theory (Sheets-Johnstone 2009) are discussed as concepts that usefully frame and contribute to the findings of this interrogation (Chapter 3). A two-pronged methodology is employed (Chapter 4) in order to gather qualitative, narrative data from singers involved in two iterative case studies and from analyses of the performed outcomes of select aleatory performances. This methodology enables a conceptualisation of singers’ experiences of performing works by new and established composers via Grounded Theory Method analysis (Charmaz 2014); meanwhile, analyses of recorded performances offer a critically distanced view of musical outcomes. Findings of these two case studies (Chapters 5 and 6) are discussed and brought into circumscribed dialogue with the concepts of Complexity Theory and embodiment. Performance analyses (Chapter 7) develop and inflect the results of these findings by examining the outcomes of aleatory techniques and singers’ improvisatory decisions. This multi-methodological enquiry reveals how singers actively formulate aleatory processes, governed by a complex system of individually and socially constructed influences, the creation of which has a significant embodied dimension. The thesis concludes (Chapter 8) by showing how this music provides a site of shared creativity that may be expanded upon in future practice

    STRATEGIC MODEL OF SOCIAL SECURITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN INDONESIA

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    Abstract: The discourse about security and its derivatives have become the main and interesting theme of discussion in every field of knowledge including social security. It has undergone several stages of principal changes ranging from public responsibility (social security), national security to human security. This paper aims to revisit the social security concept in the world and highlights its roles with additional perspective in Islam as reliable option to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This study also proposes a strategic model for social security instruments (financial inclusion) and all stakeholders (participation) to enhance implementation with specific target of the SDGs in Indonesia. With the methodology of qualitative paradigm for the analysis of the available literatures, this paper finds that social security concepts in the world needs a justification slightly to attain the Sustainable Development Goals especially among the Muslim countries. Keywords: Social Security, Islam, Sustainable Development Goals, Stakeholders.  Abstrak: Wacana mengenai keamanan dan turunannya menjadi tema utama dan menarik untuk diperbincangkan dalam setiap bidang ilmu termasuk jaminan sosial. Telah mengalami beberapa tahapan perubahan mendasar mulai dari tanggung jawab publik (jaminan sosial), keamanan nasional hingga keamanan manusia. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kembali konsep jaminan sosial di dunia dan menyoroti perannya dengan perspektif tambahan dalam Islam sebagai pilihan yang dapat diandalkan untuk mencapai Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. Studi ini juga mengusulkan model strategis bagi instrumen jaminan sosial (inklusi keuangan) dan seluruh pemangku kepentingan (partisipasi) untuk meningkatkan implementasi SDGs dengan target spesifik di Indonesia. Dengan metodologi paradigma kualitatif untuk menganalisis literatur yang ada, makalah ini menemukan bahwa konsep jaminan sosial di dunia memerlukan sedikit pembenaran untuk mencapai Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan khususnya di kalangan negara-negara Muslim.  Kata Kunci: Jaminan Sosial, Islam, Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan, Pemangku Kepentingan

    Legitimising Information Security Policy during Policy Crafting: Exploring Legitimising Strategies

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    This study examines the crafting of an information security policy as a process of legitimising. Drawing on organisational research on legitimacy and legitimisation and on 15-month ethnographic study of a multinational corporation that sought to craft a new policy, the study identifies four legitimising strategies employed during policy crafting: (1) inviting participation, (2) embedding into existing practices, (3) advertising and (4) formalising and professionalising. The study conceptualises policy crafting as being constituted through iterative and recursive relationship of legitimising strategies and policy amendments. The study contributes to literature on information security management, on information security policies and on legitimacy

    Digital transformation in an incumbent organisation: the co-enactment of digital transformation through macro- and micro-level activities

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    Digital transformation forms an important organisational response to digital technologies and their potential digital disruptions. Especially incumbent organisations face the risk of a diminished market position if they fail to digitally transform as competitors use of digital technologies disrupts business models and affects consumer behaviour. Digital disruptions pressure incumbent organisations’ brick and mortar businesses and have already shaken established companies to the ground (e.g. Nokia or Kodak), while pushing others to the brink (e.g. the music industry). These downfalls and trends signal the importance of incumbent organisations engaging in their digital transformation in order to retain their market position. By engaging in their digital transformation, incumbent organisations seek to implement significant changes to their methods of organising by combining multiple digital technologies. The literature on organisational digital transformation sketches three areas of concern: digital transformation strategy, organisational changes (to both value proposition and internal structures) and digital technology. Across these areas of concern, it has delved into organisational activities at either the macro or the micro level of organising. Macro-level studies seem to overshadow the importance of micro-level activities that underlie them. That is, focusing on a phenomenon’s grand scheme, such studies pay little attention to the micro-level activities that enact the phenomenon. On the other hand, micro-level studies tend to miss the relation and influence that a macro-level phenomenon has on the micro level and its constitution of the macro level. They focus on the micro-level activities, neglecting the broader rules and resources that macro-level activities provide. Conceiving digital transformation as a mixed- level phenomenon occurring at both and across the organisational macro and micro levels, we thus cannot fully understand its enactment focusing on either macro- or micro-level activities but only through studying their co-enactment. This dissertation investigates how organisational activities co-enact digital transformation. Drawing on three theoretical angles – improvisation theory, institutional theory and digital infrastructures, it studies organisational activities within the literature’s three areas of concern. Acknowledging the mixed-level nature of digital transformation, it focuses on activities at both the macro and the microlevels of organising. Methodologically, it builds on an ethnography of a large European car manufacturer, an incumbent in its field, which engages in its digital transformation. This ethnographic study took place over a period of three years (from July 2017 to June 2020) and comprised participant observations and both formal and informal interviews as well as the collection of archival records. The findings from the empirical material revealed an interplay between macro- and micro-level activities which co-enacts the car manufacturer’s digital transformation. Conceptualising this interplay, this dissertation contributes to digital transformation research offering the concepts of framing and concretising to understand and explain the becoming of digital transformation as co-enactment. Framing creates space and projects direction for digital transformation. Concretising renders propositions and realisations which manifest organisational digital transformation. Accordingly, digital transformation becomes co-enacted in an interplay of macro-level activities framing micro-level activities, and micro-level activities concretising macro-level activities. The co-enactment conceptualisation emphasises digital transformation’s mixed-level nature, thus proposing the need to observe approaches suitable to further unpack and better understand the phenomenon’s becoming through the interplaying activities of framing and concretising.Digitaalinen transformaation vakiintuneen markkina-aseman organisaatiossa: Digitaalisen transformaation yhteistoiminnallistaminen makro- ja mikrotason toimintojen vĂ€lillĂ€ Digitaalinen transformaatio on merkityksellinen organisationaalinen reaktio digitaalisiin murroksiin, jotka digitaaliset teknologiat ovat mahdollistaneet. Jos vakiintuneet organisaatiot epĂ€onnistuvat muuntautumaan digitaalisesti, kun niiden kilpailijat luovat uusia liiketoimintamalleja ja vaikuttavat kuluttajakĂ€yttĂ€ytymiseen, niille markkina-asema voi mahdollisesti heikentyĂ€. Digitaaliset murrokset painostavat vakiintuneessa markkina-asemassa olevien organisaatioiden kivijalkaliiketoimintaa, koska ne ovat jo murskanneet etabloituneita yrityksiĂ€ (esim. Nokia tai Kodak) sekĂ€ ajaneet toisia ahtaalle (esim. musiikkiteollisuus). NĂ€mĂ€ kukistumiset ja suuntaukset viestittĂ€vĂ€t vakiintuneessa markkina-asemassa oleville organisaatioille digitaaliseen transformaatioon ryhtymisen tĂ€rkeyttĂ€ niiden yrittĂ€essĂ€ pitÀÀ markkinapositiotaan. Digitaaliseen transformaatioon ryhtyessÀÀn vakiintuneessa markkina-asemassa olevat organisaatiot yrittĂ€vĂ€t toteuttaa merkittĂ€viĂ€ muutoksia organisointiinsa yhdistelemĂ€llĂ€ useita digitaalisia teknologioita. Tutkittaessa tĂ€tĂ€ prosessia, organisaation digitaalista transformaatiota kĂ€sittelevĂ€ kirjallisuus hahmottelee kolme aihealuetta: digitaalinen transformaatiostrategia, organisationaaliset muutokset (sekĂ€ arvolupaukseen ettĂ€ sisĂ€isiin rakenteisiin) sekĂ€ digitaaliset teknologiat. NĂ€iden aihealueiden sisĂ€llĂ€ aikaisempi kirjallisuus on syventynyt joko makro- tai mikrotason organisointiin tarkastellessaan organisaation toimintaa. Makrotason tutkimukset kuitenkin nĂ€yttĂ€vĂ€t jĂ€ttĂ€vĂ€n varjoonsa niiden taustalla olevan mikrotason toiminnan tĂ€rkeyden. Toisin sanoen, jos keskitytÀÀn ilmiön suureen kuvaan, tutkimukset eivĂ€t kiinnitĂ€ riittĂ€vĂ€sti huomiota mikrotason toimintaan, joka toiminnallistaa ilmiön. Toisaalta mikrotason tutkimukset taas usein eivĂ€t huomaa makrotason ilmiön yhteyttĂ€ ja vaikutuksia mikrotasoon ja makrotason rakenteisiin. Ne keskittyvĂ€t mikrotason toimintaan laiminlyöden laajemmat suuntaviivat ja resurssit, mitkĂ€ makrotason toiminnalla taataan. Kun digitaalinen transformaatio ymmĂ€rretÀÀn monitasoisena ilmiönĂ€, joka tulee esille sekĂ€ organisaatioiden makro- ja mikrotasoilla ettĂ€ myös niiden vĂ€lillĂ€, emme voi ymmĂ€rtÀÀ sen toiminnallistamista keskittymĂ€llĂ€ joko makro- tai mikrotason toimintaan vaan ainoastaan tutkimalla niiden yhteistoiminnallistamista. TĂ€mĂ€ vĂ€itöskirja tutkii kuinka organisationaalinen toiminta yhteistoiminnallistaa digitaalista transformaatiota. KĂ€yttĂ€en kolmea teoreettista nĂ€kökulmaa – improvisaatioteoriaa, institutionaalista teoriaa ja digitaalisia infrastruktuureja – se tutkii organisationaalista toimintaa kolmen mainitun kirjallisuuden aihealueen sisĂ€llĂ€. Se keskittyy toimintaan sekĂ€ organisoinnin makro- ettĂ€ mikrotasoilla tunnustaen digitaalisen transformaation monitasoisen luonteen. Metodologisesti se pohjautuu etnografiaan suuressa eurooppalaisessa autonvalmistajayrityksessĂ€, vakiintuneessa asemassa toimialallaan, joka ryhtyy digitaaliseen transformaatioon. TĂ€mĂ€ etnografinen tutkimus tehtiin kolmen vuoden aikana (heinĂ€kuusta 2017 – heinĂ€kuuhun 2020) ja sen aineisto koostuu osallistuvasta havainnoinnista, virallisista ja epĂ€virallisista haastatteluista sekĂ€ kokoelmasta arkistotietoja. Empiirisen tutkimuksen tulokset paljastivat makro- ja mikrotason toimintojen vuorovaikutuksen, jotka yhteistoiminnallistavat autonvalmistajan digitaalisen transformaation. KĂ€sitteellistettĂ€essĂ€ tĂ€tĂ€ vuorovaikutusta, tĂ€mĂ€ vĂ€itöskirja edistÀÀ digitaalista transformaatiotutkimusta tarjotessaan kehystĂ€misen ja konkretisoinnin kĂ€sitteet, joilla voidaan ymmĂ€rtÀÀ ja selittÀÀ digitaalisen transformaation tulemista yhteistoiminnallistamiseksi. KehystĂ€minen luo tilaa ja tuo esiin digitaalisen transformaation suuntaa. Konkretisointi tarjoaa ehdotuksia ja oivalluksia, jotka ilmaisevat organisaation digitaalista transformaatiota. TĂ€llĂ€ tavoin digitaalinen transformaatio tulee yhteistoiminnallistettua makrotason toimintojen kehystĂ€essĂ€ mikrotason toimintaa sekĂ€ mikrotason toimintojen konkretisoidessa makrotason toimintaa ja nĂ€iden vuorovaikutuksessa. Yhteistoiminnallistamisen kĂ€site painottaa digitaalisen transformaation monitasoista luonnetta ja kehottaa jatkotutkimusta etsimÀÀn sopivia lĂ€hestymistapoja ilmiön esiintymiselle kehystĂ€misen ja konkretisoinnin vuorovaikutuksessa, jotta sitĂ€ voitaisiin edelleen selvittÀÀ ja ymmĂ€rtÀÀ paremmin

    Collaborating in No man's land : an enquiry towards creating an environment for 'equal' collaboration between international partners in an applied theatre project

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    Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-64).This dissertation is an enquiry towards creating an environment for 'equal' collaboration between international partners in an applied theatre project. As a direct case study, I used my master's fieldwork project, No-man's land, a theatre project involving performers from South Africa and The Netherlands. The problematics of international exchanges in which people, resources and art works are brought together over long distances, generates issues around power, culture and the performing arts which demand attention from project partners. The term 'No Man's Land' isthe metaphor developed throughout this dissertation in order to conceptualise the space of collaboration, as well as the mentality such a collaboration necessitates. The focus here is on international collaboration projects within the field of applied theatre that have the potential to unite artists from different backgrounds to explore issues of mutual interest through theatre processes and performances

    Conceptualising improvisation in information security risk management activities : a South Africa case study

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    Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 286-299).The aim of this research was to understand how functionalist approaches and the incremental approaches are manifested in ISRM activities. New insights and meaning to the ISRM activities were presented when the incrementalist approaches to ISRM and the functionalist approaches to ISRM were examined holistically. Improvisation, for the purpose of this research, was used to explain this holistic understanding

    Conceptualising knowledge governance for development

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    Through examining conceptions of the interface between development and knowledge, and conceptions of the notion of knowledge governance, this article provides a conceptual framing for the items published in this AJIC “knowledge governance for development” thematic issue.CA2016www.wits.ac.za/linkcentre/aji

    Making Dance: Learning & Designing Issues in Biotechnology Networks

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    https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/aesthesis/1029/thumbnail.jp
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