46,302 research outputs found
Quantum Robot: Structure, Algorithms and Applications
A kind of brand-new robot, quantum robot, is proposed through fusing quantum
theory with robot technology. Quantum robot is essentially a complex quantum
system and it is generally composed of three fundamental parts: MQCU (multi
quantum computing units), quantum controller/actuator, and information
acquisition units. Corresponding to the system structure, several learning
control algorithms including quantum searching algorithm and quantum
reinforcement learning are presented for quantum robot. The theoretic results
show that quantum robot can reduce the complexity of O(N^2) in traditional
robot to O(N^(3/2)) using quantum searching algorithm, and the simulation
results demonstrate that quantum robot is also superior to traditional robot in
efficient learning by novel quantum reinforcement learning algorithm.
Considering the advantages of quantum robot, its some potential important
applications are also analyzed and prospected.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, 2 table
Book Reviews
With the observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, interest has risen in models of PeV-mass decaying dark matter particles to explain the observed flux. We present two dedicated experimental analyses to test this hypothesis. One analysis uses 6 years of IceCube data focusing on muon neutrino ‘track’ events from the Northern Hemisphere, while the second analysis uses 2 years of ‘cascade’ events from the full sky. Known background components and the hypothetical flux from unstable dark matter are fitted to the experimental data. Since no significant excess is observed in either analysis, lower limits on the lifetime of dark matter particles are derived: we obtain the strongest constraint to date, excluding lifetimes shorter than s at 90% CL for dark matter masses above 10 TeV
Computational aerodynamics and artificial intelligence
The general principles of artificial intelligence are reviewed and speculations are made concerning how knowledge based systems can accelerate the process of acquiring new knowledge in aerodynamics, how computational fluid dynamics may use expert systems, and how expert systems may speed the design and development process. In addition, the anatomy of an idealized expert system called AERODYNAMICIST is discussed. Resource requirements for using artificial intelligence in computational fluid dynamics and aerodynamics are examined. Three main conclusions are presented. First, there are two related aspects of computational aerodynamics: reasoning and calculating. Second, a substantial portion of reasoning can be achieved with artificial intelligence. It offers the opportunity of using computers as reasoning machines to set the stage for efficient calculating. Third, expert systems are likely to be new assets of institutions involved in aeronautics for various tasks of computational aerodynamics
Understanding the Internet: Model, Metaphor, and Analogy
published or submitted for publicatio
Man and Machine: Questions of Risk, Trust and Accountability in Today's AI Technology
Artificial Intelligence began as a field probing some of the most fundamental
questions of science - the nature of intelligence and the design of intelligent
artifacts. But it has grown into a discipline that is deeply entwined with
commerce and society. Today's AI technology, such as expert systems and
intelligent assistants, pose some difficult questions of risk, trust and
accountability. In this paper, we present these concerns, examining them in the
context of historical developments that have shaped the nature and direction of
AI research. We also suggest the exploration and further development of two
paradigms, human intelligence-machine cooperation, and a sociological view of
intelligence, which might help address some of these concerns.Comment: Preprin
An "infusion" approach to critical thinking: Moore on the critical thinking debate
This paper argues that general skills and the varieties of subject-specific discourse are both important
for teaching, learning and practising critical thinking. The former is important because it
outlines the principles of good reasoning simpliciter (what constitutes sound reasoning patterns,
invalid inferences, and so on). The latter is important because it outlines how the general principles
are used and deployed in the service of ‘academic tribes’. Because critical thinking skills are—in
part, at least—general skills, they can be applied to all disciplines and subject-matter indiscriminately.
General skills can help us assess reasoning independently of the vagaries of the linguistic
discourse we express arguments in. The paper looks at the debate between the ‘specifists’—those
who stress the importance of critical thinking understood as a subject-specific discourse—and the
‘generalists’—those that stress the importance of critical thinking understood independently of
disciplinary context. The paper suggests that the ‘debate’ between the specifists and the generalists
amounts to a fallacy of the false alternative, and presents a combinatory-‘infusion’ approach to
critical thinking
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