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Maximal cuts and differential equations for Feynman integrals. An application to the three-loop massive banana graph
We consider the calculation of the master integrals of the three-loop massive
banana graph. In the case of equal internal masses, the graph is reduced to
three master integrals which satisfy an irreducible system of three coupled
linear differential equations. The solution of the system requires finding a matrix of homogeneous solutions. We show how the maximal cut can be
used to determine all entries of this matrix in terms of products of elliptic
integrals of first and second kind of suitable arguments. All independent
solutions are found by performing the integration which defines the maximal cut
on different contours. Once the homogeneous solution is known, the
inhomogeneous solution can be obtained by use of Euler's variation of
constants.Comment: 39 pages, 3 figures; Fixed a typo in eq. (6.16
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