Molecular modeling for physical property prediction

Multiscale modeling is becoming the standard approach for process study in a broader framework that promotes computer aided integrated product and process design. In addition to usual purity requirements, end products must meet new constraints in terms of environmental impact, safety of goods and people, specific properties. This chapter adresses the use of molecular modeling tools for the prediction of physical property usefull for chemical engineering practice

Computer labs on virtual environments: A flexible, portable and multidisciplinary model

Teaching of computer-aided practical subjects in engineering education creates new challenges. Computers have to be configured to support particular requirements of each subject. Virtual Environments allows the building of a Virtual Machine (VM) tailored to requirements of each subject, allowing flexible, versatile and low cost laboratories. However, the use of multiple VM at a shared computing facility creates new problems, both technical and related to the performance of the class sessions. To solve these challenges, we have developed the Virtual Machine on-Demand (VMoD) tool. It automates the adaptation of each VM to the environment in which it is deployed and simplifies its use to students. As a result, the creation of computer-aided engineering laboratories on a shared computing facility using VM is possible and profitable

Effect of the foam embellishments on the pedestrian safety of the vehicle front protection systems

Pedestrian safety related compliance requirements are very important in case of design and development of the vehicle front protection systems. Computer aided engineering impact simulations were carried out to evaluate Head Injury Criterion (HIC) of a typical bullbar impacting it with an adult headform and correlated with experimental results. Impact simulations were carried out on the same bullbar covered with semi‐rigid polyurethane foam to study the effect of foam embellishments on the pedestrian safety. Results obtained from the impact simulations were presented in this paper

Assessing System of Systems Security Risk and Requirements with OASoSIS

When independent systems come together as a System of Systems (SoS) to achieve a new purpose, dealing with requirements conflicts across systems becomes a challenge. Moreover, assessing and modelling security risk for independent systems and the SoS as a whole is challenged by a gap in related research and approaches within the SoSs domain. In this paper, we present an approach for bridging SoS and Requirements Engineering by identifying aligning SoSs concepts to assess and model security risk and requirements. We introduce our OASoSIS approach modifying OCTAVE Allegro for SoSs using CAIRIS (Computer Aided Integration of Requirements and Information Security) with a medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) SoS exemplar for Security Requirements Engineering tool-support. Index Terms—System of Systems, Security, Risk, Human Factors, Requirements Engineering, CAIRIS

Computer aided estimating for civil engineering contractors

At the start of the research the impact of computers upon the world of estimating for civil engineering works had been minimal and barely touched the six thousand middle sized companies within the construction industry, The challenge of the research was to: -determine the requirements of a computer aided estimating system for civil engineering estimators: -to design a system to meet those requirements; -to produce and field test the system: -to explore the use of estimator's data within other functions within the contractor's organization, A study and critical appraisal of previous research and the six types of existing estimating systems was made to determine why computers have failed to make an impact upon this area of the construction industry, The estimating and tendering process was examined by interviewing eight estimators from three different civil engineering companies a minimum of four times over a period of one year. Eleven existing methods of task analysis were examined, were found satisfactory for the analysis of the estimator's tasks for the purpose of the research, A hybrid method of analysis was developed which was used to analyse the estimator's tasks for the purpose of producing a Specification for a computer aided estimating system, The system was produced by an iterative method of design, development, testing and re-design until an acceptable solution was reached, The system was tested by: -installing a minicomputer within the estimating department of a civil engineering contractor's organization and inviting six estimators to test and comment on the system; -demonstrating the system to individuals and groups of practising estimators from forty construction companies where comments on all aspects were noted, As a result of the research a computer aided estimating system that was acceptable to civil engineering estimators was produced, To date eight such systems have been installed within contractor's offices and this fact gives some indication of the success in meeting this main objective. The other outcome of this work is: the determination of the implementation and user support requirements for the introduction of computer aided estimating systems into contractor's organizations; the production of user support facilities for the system including a comprehensive user manual and training programmes for the system, In addition the work has created a platform for the construction of a completed linked suite of construction management programmes unavailable before because of the paucity of existing computer aided estimating systems

Using RECOCASE to Compare Use Cases from Multiple Viewpoints

Incomplete and inconsistent requirements are a major cause of the failure of computer- based projects. The capture of requirements from multiple viewpoints has been offered as a way of developing a more complete, consistent and representative set of requirements. Our viewpoint development approach, known as RECOCASE, includes a Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tool to assist the capture and RECOncilation of viewpoints of functional requirements. This project seeks to offer three significant solutions to the problems of requirements elicitation, validation and reconciliation: requirements will be captured from multiple viewpoints, directly from stakeholders in natural language and then compared and reconciled through visualisation of the requirements

Investigation into the requirements for an integrated computer-aided engineering environment

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 1991.Integration of islands of computer Assisted Functions is becoming increasingly important in many organisations and is being driven by the need for Data Sharing and the reduction in Duplication of Effort in order to achieve an Increasingly competitive edge. Technology is increasingly providing the means of taking the "intagrated Organisation" out of the realms of an "idealistic dream World" into the harsh environment of Reality. [Abbreviated Abstract. Open document to view full version

A Design and Implementation of Version Model in Object-Oriented Databases

Due to the advances in computer technology, new applications such as office automation, software engineering and computer aided design (CAD) have emerged.These new applications not only demand fast retrieval and modification as the earlier applications but also new requirements, for in stance, the capability to represent complex object.Many approaches have been proposed in order to meet the new requirements. It is claimed that Object- oriented Database Management System s (OODBMSs) offer a good solution. One of OODBMSs' facilitiesis the version control management. With a version control management, the management and control of object versions can be done in a systematic way

The integration of automated knowledge acquisition with computer-aided software engineering for space shuttle expert systems

A prediction was made that the terms expert systems and knowledge acquisition would begin to disappear over the next several years. This is not because they are falling into disuse; it is rather that practitioners are realizing that they are valuable adjuncts to software engineering, in terms of problem domains addressed, user acceptance, and in development methodologies. A specific problem was discussed, that of constructing an automated test analysis system for the Space Shuttle Main Engine. In this domain, knowledge acquisition was part of requirements systems analysis, and was performed with the aid of a powerful inductive ESBT in conjunction with a computer aided software engineering (CASE) tool. The original prediction is not a very risky one -- it has already been accomplished

Clarifications of a Datum Axis or Centerplane Specifying in Maximum Material Condition of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing

Engineering and Engineering Technology students and professionals learning the processes and standards in computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) should learn and understand the methodology of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) to describe the intent and requirements for part and assembly geometries. Correct application of GD&T ensures that the part and assembly geometry defined on the drawing will have the desired form and fit (within limits) and function as intended. One learning difficulty in understanding GD&T is the concept of defining a datum axis or center plane using Maximum Material Condition (MMC). To overcome this difficulty, a new approach is presented that uses a modifier ○V (Virtual Condition) instead of ○M (MMC). A thorough rationalization of using ○V in datum axis specification is discussed. The paper also provides a convenient table on how to use this modifier