11 research outputs found

    Proceedings of DRS Learn X Design 2019: Insider Knowledge

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    Sustaining international law: history, nature, and the politics of global ordering

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    This thesis investigates how the natural environment is conceptualised in international law. Environmental campaigners typically place great faith in the discipline’s ability to restrain the onset of growing ‘global’ problems: such as species extinctions, clearing of forests, pollution, and climate change. Law has traditionally been a key domain for efforts to regulate, and curb, these problems. While a vast body of existing literature assesses the effectiveness and adequacy of these initiatives, this dissertation takes a different approach. It explores particular visions of the natural environment that inform such initiatives. I will proceed from the premise that international law, rather than merely reflecting the natural environment, shapes how we perceive it. With this in mind, I will investigate a selection of stories that international law tells about the natural environment, and consider the different, competing stories it deprivileges. The key question is: what role has international law played in making certain ways of thinking about nature come to seem normal or intuitive, and how does this affect efforts to curb environmental harms? Adopting historical and philosophical approaches informed by critical approaches to law, I will show how dominant manifestations of nature are articulated—and sustained—with regard to ideas of mastery and resources, national economies and conservation, the (human) environment, sustainable development, the green economy, and natural capital. I will use insights from radical ecological and postcolonial theory to highlight the ramifications of such conceptualisations. My discussion will focus on a series of key episodes in the history of international environmental law, as well as on the work of prominent scholars and institutions in the field of international environmental law. I will argue that international law is constrained in its efforts to deal with environmental problems insofar as the discipline is itself complicit in the use, abuse, and subjugation of environments. Furthermore, I will contend that the idea of the environment is continually reconstructed and repositioned, in ways that sustain a certain relationship, or form of global ordering. As we shall observe, debates in international fora over the scope and meaning of the environment fostered anxieties about the degree to which it was being adequately protected. Yet, I will suggest, these were neutralised—or co-opted—in ways that reinforced dominant logics. Put simply, international law and institutions have sustained a narrow understanding—or framing—of the environment. Ultimately, it has confined the outcomes of environmental policies to a set of largely predetermined outcomes. This undermines international law’s contingency and potential dynamism. Added to this, is the implication that such framings are designed to preserve the power and privilege of a small minority of the world’s peoples

    Vámos Tibor nyomai az informatika magyarországi történetében : Válogatás az NJSZT Informatikatörténeti Adattárának gyűjteményéből

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    A Neumann János Számítógép-tudományi Társaság Informatikatörténeti Fórum (NJSZT iTF) tagjainak tisztelgése Vámos Tibor munkássága előtt a 90. születésnapja alkalmából

    What are simulations? : An epistemological approach

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    Contemporary sciences use a wide and diverse range of computational simulations, including in the areas of aeronautics, chemistry, bioinformatics, social sciences, AI, the physics of elementary particles and most other scientific fields. A simulation is a mathematical model that describes or creates computationally a system process. Simulations are our best cognitive representation of complex reality, that is, our deepest conception of what reality is. In this paper we defend that a simulation is equivalent epistemologically and ontologically with all other types of cognitive models of elements of reality. Therefore, simulations cannot be considered secondary nor weak instruments to approach to the reality analysi

    ON JUDGEMENT: PSYCHOLOGICAL GENESIS, INTENTIONALITY AND GRAMMAR

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    This thesis explores conceptions of judgement which have been central to various philosophical and scientific traditions. Beginning with Hume, I situate his conception of judgement within his overarching constructivist program, his science of man. Defending Hume from criticism regarding the naturalistic credentials of this program, I argue that Hume’s science of man, along with the conception of judgement which is integral to it, is appropriately understood as a forerunner to contemporary cognitive science. Despite this, I contend that Hume’s conception of judgement prompts a problem regarding the intentionality of judgement – a problem which he does not adequately address. In the second part of my thesis I show how the intentionality problem which Hume grapples with is also crucial, constituting a point of departure, for Kant’s transcendental undertaking. Following Kant’s reasoning, I illustrate how an original concern with this intentionality issue leads Kant to a distinct conception of judgement, according to which concepts only exist in the context of a judgement. Having arrived at Kant’s conception of a judgement, the remainder of the thesis is devoted to the issue of judgement forms. Kant’s postulation of these forms is closely related to his conception of judgement, and I seek to establish both how these forms ought to be understood and how they might be derived. In relation to this latter issue, I suggest that there may a role for contemporary work in Generative Grammar. Specifically, I suggest that it may be viable to understand the forms of judgement as grammatical in nature, thereby securing an interdisciplinary connection between a philosophy of judgement and the empirical investigation of grammar

    New media as a formation factor for digital sociology: the consequences of the networking in the society and the intellectualization of the communications

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    The perspectives of digital sociology formation through the prism of transformation of new media are considered in the article. We confirm the beginning of the age of intelligent media, which incorporate the network principle of organization of the interactions with the implementations of artifacts (artificial intelligent agents) to communication processes and are the base for the formation of digital environment for human life. Among the main socio-cultural effects of the development of new media we rank the expansion of social reality due to the addition of a “digital dimension” to it, the formation of network culture and actualization of the communicative (and subsequently, network and digital) subjectivity. We consider the network culture from the point of view of the activity approach and define it as a conglomerate of stationary value and normative mechanisms, technological means of implementation and results of network communications. We consider the network culture formation to be a result of the societal networking and it serves as the basis for subsequent cultural transformations – the rise of digital culture, outlines of which can be traced along with the general digitization and formation of the high-technology digital society. The conclusion, that digital sociology is called to study the laws of social life of a contemporary person integrated into a digital space of new media, is made

    Artificial Intelligence in Hungary - The First 20 Years = Mesterséges intelligencia Magyarországon - az első 20 év

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    A magyarországi mesterséges intelligencia kutatások történetéről 1996-ban készített áttekintés 2006-ban korszerűsített változata, bőséges irodalom jegyzékkel

    Magyar Mesterséges Intelligencia Bibliográfia : Válogatás az 1988-96 között (esetenként korábban) megjelent publikációkból

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    Tartalom: referált folyóiratokban, konferencia kiadványokban, tanulmánykötetekben megjelent dolgozatok, könyvek, tankönyvek, disszertációk referenciáit, közel 190 magyar szerző/társszerző 400 (tárgyszavazott) dolgozatát tartalmazza. Függelékében az Új ALAPLAP folyóirat Jakab Ágnes által szerkesztett TUDÁSTECHNOLÓGIA c. tematikus MI-sorozat dolgozatainak jegyzéke található. Az anyagok az NJSZT által Budapesten szervezett ECAI’96 konferenciát kísérő kiállításra készültek. A Bibliográfia és a hozzá kapcsolódó Reprint Gyűjtemény az NJSZT standján volt kiállítva, míg az OMIKK adatbázisában való keresést egy oda kihelyezett terminál biztosította. A tárgyszavazást és az adatfelvitelt Kladiva Ottmár (OMIKK) irányította
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