17,015 research outputs found
Enabling Self-aware Smart Buildings by Augmented Reality
Conventional HVAC control systems are usually incognizant of the physical
structures and materials of buildings. These systems merely follow pre-set HVAC
control logic based on abstract building thermal response models, which are
rough approximations to true physical models, ignoring dynamic spatial
variations in built environments. To enable more accurate and responsive HVAC
control, this paper introduces the notion of "self-aware" smart buildings, such
that buildings are able to explicitly construct physical models of themselves
(e.g., incorporating building structures and materials, and thermal flow
dynamics). The question is how to enable self-aware buildings that
automatically acquire dynamic knowledge of themselves. This paper presents a
novel approach using "augmented reality". The extensive user-environment
interactions in augmented reality not only can provide intuitive user
interfaces for building systems, but also can capture the physical structures
and possibly materials of buildings accurately to enable real-time building
simulation and control. This paper presents a building system prototype
incorporating augmented reality, and discusses its applications.Comment: This paper appears in ACM International Conference on Future Energy
Systems (e-Energy), 201
Colloquium: Trapped ions as quantum bits -- essential numerical tools
Trapped, laser-cooled atoms and ions are quantum systems which can be
experimentally controlled with an as yet unmatched degree of precision. Due to
the control of the motion and the internal degrees of freedom, these quantum
systems can be adequately described by a well known Hamiltonian. In this
colloquium, we present powerful numerical tools for the optimization of the
external control of the motional and internal states of trapped neutral atoms,
explicitly applied to the case of trapped laser-cooled ions in a segmented
ion-trap. We then delve into solving inverse problems, when optimizing trapping
potentials for ions. Our presentation is complemented by a quantum mechanical
treatment of the wavepacket dynamics of a trapped ion. Efficient numerical
solvers for both time-independent and time-dependent problems are provided.
Shaping the motional wavefunctions and optimizing a quantum gate is realized by
the application of quantum optimal control techniques. The numerical methods
presented can also be used to gain an intuitive understanding of quantum
experiments with trapped ions by performing virtual simulated experiments on a
personal computer. Code and executables are supplied as supplementary online
material (http://kilian-singer.de/ent).Comment: accepted for publication in Review of Modern Physics 201
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Reference trajectory modification based on spatial iterative learning for contour control of 2-axis NC systems
Contour error is a main factor that affects the quality of products in numerical control (NC) machining. This paper presents a contour control strategy based on digital curves for high-precision control of computer numerical control (CNC) machines. A contour error estimation algorithm is presented for digital curves based on a geometrical method. The dynamic model of the motion control system is transformed from time domain to space domain because the contour error is dependent on space instead of time. Spatial iterative learning control (sILC) is developed to reduce the contour error, by modifying the reference trajectory in the form of G code. This allows system improvement without interference of low-level controllers so it is applicable to many commercial controllers where interpolators and feed-drive controllers cannot be altered. The effectiveness of this method is verified by experiments on a NC machine, which have shown good performance not only for smooth trajectories but also for large curvature trajectories
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