EmC-ICDSST 2019: 5th International Conference on Decision Support System Technology - ICDSST 2019 & EURO Mini Conference 2019 on "Decision Support Systems: Main Developments & Future Trends"

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A review on deep-learning-based cyberbullying detection

Bullying is described as an undesirable behavior by others that harms an individual physically, mentally, or socially. Cyberbullying is a virtual form (e.g., textual or image) of bullying or harassment, also known as online bullying. Cyberbullying detection is a pressing need in today’s world, as the prevalence of cyberbullying is continually growing, resulting in mental health issues. Conventional machine learning models were previously used to identify cyberbullying. However, current research demonstrates that deep learning surpasses traditional machine learning algorithms in identifying cyberbullying for several reasons, including handling extensive data, efficiently classifying text and images, extracting features automatically through hidden layers, and many others. This paper reviews the existing surveys and identifies the gaps in those studies. We also present a deep-learning-based defense ecosystem for cyberbullying detection, including data representation techniques and different deep-learning-based models and frameworks. We have critically analyzed the existing DL-based cyberbullying detection techniques and identified their significant contributions and the future research directions they have presented. We have also summarized the datasets being used, including the DL architecture being used and the tasks that are accomplished for each dataset. Finally, several challenges faced by the existing researchers and the open issues to be addressed in the future have been presented

A Comprehensive Review and Open Challenges on Visual Question Answering Models

Users are now able to actively interact with images and pose different questions based on images, thanks to recent developments in artificial intelligence. In turn, a response in a natural language answer is expected. The study discusses a variety of datasets that can be used to examine applications for visual question-answering (VQA), as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Four different forms of VQA models—simple joint embedding-based models, attention-based models, knowledge-incorporated models, and domain-specific VQA models—are in-depth examined in this article. We also critically assess the drawbacks and future possibilities of all current state-of-the-art (SoTa), end-to-end VQA models. Finally, we present the directions and guidelines for further development of the VQA models

Stochastic timeseries analysis in electric power systems and paleo-climate data

In this thesis a data science study of elementary stochastic processes is laid, aided with the development of two numerical software programmes, applied to power-grid frequency studies and Dansgaard--Oeschger events in paleo-climate data. Power-grid frequency is a key measure in power grid studies. It comprises the balance of power in a power grid at any instance. In this thesis an elementary Markovian Langevin-like stochastic process is employed, extending from existent literature, to show the basic elements of power-grid frequency dynamics can be modelled in such manner. Through a data science study of power-grid frequency data, it is shown that fluctuations scale in an inverse square-root relation with their size, alike any other stochastic process, confirming previous theoretical results. A simple Ornstein--Uhlenbeck is offered as a surrogate model for power-grid frequency dynamics, with a versatile input of driving deterministic functions, showing not surprisingly that driven stochastic processes with Gaussian noise do not necessarily show a Gaussian distribution. A study of the correlations between recordings of power-grid frequency in the same power-grid system reveals they are correlated, but a theoretical understanding is yet to be developed. A super-diffusive relaxation of amplitude synchronisation is shown to exist in space in coupled power-grid systems, whereas a linear relation is evidenced for the emergence of phase synchronisation. Two Python software packages are designed, offering the possibility to extract conditional moments for Markovian stochastic processes of any dimension, with a particular application for Markovian jump-diffusion processes for one-dimensional timeseries. Lastly, a study of Dansgaard--Oeschger events in recordings of paleoclimate data under the purview of bivariate Markovian jump-diffusion processes is proposed, augmented by a semi-theoretical study of bivariate stochastic processes, offering an explanation for the discontinuous transitions in these events and showing the existence of deterministic couplings between the recordings of the dust concentration and a proxy for the atmospheric temperature

Human Centric Routing Algorithm for Urban Cyclists and the Influence of Street Network Spatial Configuration

Treball Final de Màster Universitari Erasmus Mundus en Tecnologia Geoespacial (Pla de 2013). Codi: SIW013. Codi: SBA032. Curs: 2019/2020Understanding wayfinding behavior of cyclist aid decision makers to design better cities in favor of this sustainable active transport. Many have modelled the physical influence of building environment on wayfinding behavior, with cyclist route choices and routing algorithm. Incorporating cognitive wayfinding approach with Space Syntax techniques not only adds the human centric element to model routing algorithm, but also opens the door to evaluate spatial configuration of cities and its effect on cyclist behavior. This thesis combines novel Space Syntax techniques with Graph Theory to develop a reproducible Human Centric Routing Algorithm and evaluates how spatial configuration of cities influences modelled wayfinding behavior. Valencia, a concentric gridded city, and Cardiff with a complex spatial configuration are chosen as the case study areas. Significant differences in routes distribution exist between cities and suggest that spatial configuration of the city has an influence on the modelled routes. Street Network Analysis is used to further quantify such differences and confirms that the simpler spatial configuration of Valencia has a higher connectivity, which could facilitate cyclist wayfinding. There are clear implications on urban design that spatial configuration with higher connectivity indicates legibility, which is key to build resilience and sustainable communities. The methodology demonstrates automatic, scalable and reproducible tools to create Human Centric Routing Algorithm anywhere in the world. Reproducibility self-assessment (https://osf.io/j97zp/): 3, 3, 3, 2, 1 (Input data, Preprocessing, Methods, Computational Environment and Results)

Human centric routing algorithm for urban cyclists and the influence of street network spatial configuration

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geospatial TechnologiesUnderstanding wayfinding behavior of cyclist aid decision makers to design better cities in favor of this sustainable active transport. Many have modelled the physical influence of building environment on wayfinding behavior, with cyclist route choices and routing algorithm. Incorporating cognitive wayfinding approach with Space Syntax techniques not only adds the human centric element to model routing algorithm, but also opens the door to evaluate spatial configuration of cities and its effect on cyclist behavior. This thesis combines novel Space Syntax techniques with Graph Theory to develop a reproducible Human Centric Routing Algorithm and evaluates how spatial configuration of cities influences modelled wayfinding behavior. Valencia, a concentric gridded city, and Cardiff with a complex spatial configuration are chosen as the case study areas. Significant differences in routes distribution exist between cities and suggest that spatial configuration of the city has an influence on the modelled routes. Street Network Analysis is used to further quantify such differences and confirms that the simpler spatial configuration of Valencia has a higher connectivity, which could facilitate cyclist wayfinding. There are clear implications on urban design that spatial configuration with higher connectivity indicates legibility, which is key to build resilience and sustainable communities. The methodology demonstrates automatic, scalable and reproducible tools to create Human Centric Routing Algorithm anywhere in the world. Reproducibility self-assessment (https://osf.io/j97zp/): 3, 3, 3, 2, 1 (Input data, Preprocessing, Methods, Computational Environment and Results)

Relação de colaboração entre universidade e indústria de software com base na gestão do conhecimento: uma abordagem exploratória

The current environment that characterizes the software industry is extremely dynamic and somewhat complex demanding high-performance solutions, rapid development and cost efficiency. The collaboration relationship with universities has been represented a key resource, to the extent that together more easily can promote technological development that underpins innovation solutions. In addition, several studies point out knowledge sharing as an important and strongly influential factor in a collaboration relationship. In this context, the present thesis aims to identify a set of factors that can enhance and/or facilitate the collaboration relationship between the university and the software industry in a sustainable way, based on knowledge management. In line with the general objective three research questions were defined: (i) What are the main motivations that lead to the decision of establishing a collaboration relationship?; (ii) What are the management mechanisms used in the governance of collaboration relationships?; (iii) What are the principles and culture of knowledge management and of knowledge sharing in these organizations? In order to answer those questions and, consequently, achieve the general objective, an initial quantitative study based on a questionnaire was conducted. This study aims to explore and understand the practice of knowledge sharing and collaboration in the context of a university. Overall it was concluded that, knowledge sharing positively affects the collaboration behavior. The obtained results also showed that in order to promote and encourage knowledge sharing and, consequently, to foster collaboration relationships, it is important to work mechanisms based on intrinsic motivation and networking. Subsequently, it was conducted a qualitative study based on interviews in order to identify a set of factors that could enhance/facilitate the collaboration relationship between the university and the software industry in a sustainable way, based on knowledge management. Participants with complementary visions and different experiences in the two types of involved industries and simultaneously, with decisionmaking positions were interviewed. The results revealed that collaboration relationships established among these organizations are set-up only as a ‘connection’. This ‘connection’ is characterized by being a simple exchange, without building a sustainable collaboration relationship; although, those involved point to advantages in the existence of a sustainable collaboration relationship. The results also revealed that the collaboration relationships are usually conducted through informal communication channels, which makes it difficult to capture and disseminate knowledge to other remaining members of each involved organizations. In nutshell and in practical terms, this work contributes to the identification and analysis of a set of factors that enhance a collaboration relationship between university and software industry. This result can support organizations in the strategies definition for the development of actions, in order to promote a sustainable collaboration relationship. In theoretical terms, this work contributes to the increase of the body of knowledge in the area, with empirical results, since the literature point the lack of empirical studies as the main gap in this area of knowledge.O atual ambiente que carateriza a indústria de software é extremamente dinâmico e, de certa forma complexo, exigindo soluções de alto desempenho, de desenvolvimento rápido e eficientes em termos de custos. A relação de colaboração com as universidades pode representar um recurso fundamental, na medida em que juntas mais facilmente podem promover o desenvolvimento tecnológico que está na base de soluções de inovação. Adicionalmente, são os vários estudos que apontam a partilha de conhecimento como um fator importante e fortemente influenciador de uma relação de colaboração. Neste contexto, a presente tese tem como objetivo identificar um conjunto de fatores que possam potencializar e/ou facilitar a relação de colaboração entre a universidade e a indústria de software de forma sustentável, com base na gestão do conhecimento. Em consonância com o objetivo geral, foram definidas três questões de investigação: (i) Quais são as principais motivações que levam à decisão de estabelecer uma relação de colaboração?; (ii) Quais são os mecanismos de gerenciamento usados na governança das relações de colaboração?; (iii) Quais são os princípios e a cultura da gestão do conhecimento e da partilha de conhecimento nessas organizações? Por forma a responder àquelas questões e, consequentemente, ao objetivo geral, numa fase inicial foi conduzido um estudo quantitativo através da aplicação de um questionário cujo objetivo foi o de explorar e compreender a prática da partilha de conhecimento e de colaboração no contexto de uma universidade. De uma maneira geral, concluiu-se que a partilha de conhecimento afeta positivamente o comportamento de colaboração. Os resultados obtidos mostram ainda que, por forma a promover e incentivar a partilha de conhecimento e, consequentemente, fomentar as relações de colaboração, é importante trabalhar os mecanismos baseados na motivação intrínseca e no networking. Seguidamente, foi conduzido um estudo qualitativo com base em entrevistas, com o objetivo de identificar um conjunto de fatores que pudessem melhorar e/ou facilitar a relação de colaboração entre a universidade e a indústria de software de forma sustentável, com base na gestão do conhecimento. Foram entrevistados participantes com visões complementares e experiências diferentes nos dois tipos de indústria envolvidas e, simultaneamente, que ocupassem posições com poder de decisão. Os resultados revelaram que as relações de colaboração estabelecidas entre essas organizações são configuradas apenas como uma ‘conexão’. Esta ‘conexão’ é caracterizada por ser uma troca simples, sem construir uma relação de colaboração sustentável; embora os envolvidos apontem vantagens na existência de uma relação de colaboração sustentável. Os resultados revelaram ainda que as relações de colaboração são, normalmente, conduzidas através de canais informais de comunicação, o que dificulta a captura e disseminação do conhecimento pelos restantes membros de cada uma das organizações envolvidas. Em jeito de conclusão e em termos práticos este trabalho contribui com a identificação e análise de um conjunto de fatores potenciadores de uma relação de colaboração entre a universidade e a indústria de software, podendo auxiliar as organizações envolvidas na definição de estratégias para o desenvolvimento de ações futuras, a fim de promover uma relação de colaboração sustentável. Em termos teóricos, este trabalho contribui para o aumento do corpo de conhecimento na área, com resultados provenientes de estudos empíricos, uma vez que a literatura aponta como principal lacuna a ausência daqueles (estudos empíricos), por forma a complementar e validar a teoria existente.Programa Doutoral em Engenharia e Gestão Industria