Facing Evolution on Industry 4.0: Modular Monitoring and Adaptive & Adaptable Visualization for Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

Industry 4.0 comes to play an important role in various industrial domains where monitoring industrial cyberphysical systems (ICPSs) is becoming essential. This is due to the necessity to efficiently collect data from industrial processes for then making decisions that can impact on the operation of the industrial systems. Typically, the ICPSs are composed by heterogeneous, distributed and autonomous physical devices which can evolve over time. Thus, this makes necessary the adaptation of the monitoring system according to the physical devices. In this dissertation, it is proposed a monitoring system for ICPSs that evolve over time, that has been designed for multiple domains. In this proposal, the data capture and storage beside the ICPS evolution detection and information visualization are considered. To do so, the proposed solution is composed by two subsystems: (I) Modular Monitoring System which is based on the union of different standards able to capture data and store it in a structured manner and; (II) Personal Visualization & Evolution Detection System where the user has the possibility of customizing its visualization and the system is able to trigger alerts on ICPS evolution. In order to validate the proposal a prototype of each system has been developed and finally evaluated.La Industria 4.0 juega un papel importante en diversos ámbitos industriales donde la monitorización de los sistema ciber-físicos industriales (en inglés, Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems, abreviadamente ICPSs) se está convirtiendo en parte esencial. Esto se debe a la necesidad de recolectar datos de los procesos industriales de manera eficiente para luego tomar decisiones que puedan impactar en el funcionamiento de los sistemas industriales. Normalmente, los ICPSs están compuestos por dispositivos físicos heterogéneos, distribuidos y autónomos que pueden evolucionar con el tiempo. Por lo tanto, esto hace que sea necesaria la adaptación de los sistemas de monitorización de acuerdo con los dispositivos físicos. En esta tesis se propone un sistema de monitorización para ICPSs que evolucionan con el tiempo, el cuál ha sido diseñado para múltiples dominios. En esta propuesta se considera la captura y almacenamiento de datos además de la detección de la evolución y la visualización de la información. Para ello, la solución propuesta se compone de dos subsistemas: (I) Modular Monitoring System que se basa en la unión de diferentes estándares capaces de capturar datos y almacenarlos de forma estructurada y; (II) Personal Visualization & Evolution Detection System donde el usuario tiene la posibilidad de personalizar su visualización y el sistema es capaz de generar alertas en caso de que se produzca una evolución. Para validar la propuesta se ha desarrollado un prototipo de cada sistema y finalmente se ha evaluado.Industry 4.0 sona handia hartzen ari da egungo gizartean. Hori dela eta, zeinbat esparru industrialetan, sistema ziberfisiko industrialen (ingelesez, Industrial Cyber-Physical System, laburdura ICPS) monitorizioak berebiziko garrantzia hartu du. Guzti honen funtsa, datuen bilketa era eraginkorrean egitean datza, ondoren datu hauek analizatu eta sistema industrialetan eragin dezaketen erabakiak hartzeko asmoz. Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPSs)-ak eboluziona dezaketen gailu heterogeneo, banatu eta autonomoez osatuta daude eta, ondorioz, monitorizazio sistemak egokitzea ezinbesteko bihurtzen da gaur egun. Tesi honek, eboluziona dezaketen ICPSs monitorizazio sistema bat aurkezten du, zeina hainbat domeinu industrialetarako diseinatu den. Proposamen honetan, datuen bilketa eta biltegiratze eraginkorra eta eboluzioen hautematea eta informazioaren bistaratzea aztertzen dira. Proposamena bi azpisistemaz osatuta dago: (I) Modular Monitoring System, hainbat estandar bateratzetik sortu den sistema bat da, non, datuak jaso eta berauek era estrukturatu batetan gordetzeko gaitasuna duen; eta (II) Personal Visualization & Evolution Detection System, erabiltzaileak bere interfazeak sortzeko gaitasuna duen sistema bat da eta, horrekin batera, eboluzioak detektatu eta hauen inguruan alertak sortzeko gaitasuna du. Proposamena balioztatzeko asmoz, sistema bakoitzaren prototipo bat sortu eta ebaluatu da tesi honetan

Survey of Template-Based Code Generation

L'automatisation de la génération des artefacts textuels à partir des modèles est une étape critique dans l'Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles (IDM). C'est une transformation de modèles utile pour générer le code source, sérialiser les modèles dans de stockages persistents, générer les rapports ou encore la documentation. Parmi les différents paradigmes de transformation de modèle-au-texte, la génération de code basée sur les templates (TBCG) est la plus utilisée en IDM. La TBCG est une technique de génération qui produit du code à partir des spécifications de haut niveau appelées templates. Compte tenu de la diversité des outils et des approches, il est nécessaire de classifier et de comparer les techniques de TBCG existantes afin d'apporter un soutien approprié aux développeurs. L'objectif de ce mémoire est de mieux comprendre les caractéristiques des techniques de TBCG, identifier les tendances dans la recherche, et éxaminer l'importance du rôle de l'IDM par rapport à cette approche. J'évalue également l'expressivité, la performance et la mise à l'échelle des outils associés selon une série de modèles. Je propose une étude systématique de cartographie de la littérature qui décrit une intéressante vue d'ensemble de la TBCG et une étude comparitive des outils de la TBCG pour mieux guider les dévloppeurs dans leur choix. Cette étude montre que les outils basés sur les modèles offrent plus d'expressivité tandis que les outils basés sur le code sont les plus performants. Enfin, Xtend2 offre le meilleur compromis entre l'expressivité et la performance.A critical step in model-driven engineering (MDE) is the automatic synthesis of a textual artifact from models. This is a very useful model transformation to generate application code, to serialize the model in persistent storage, generate documentation or reports. Among the various model-to-text transformation paradigms, Template-Based Code Generation (TBCG) is the most popular in MDE. TBCG is a synthesis technique that produces code from high-level specifications, called templates. It is a popular technique in MDE given that they both emphasize abstraction and automation. Given the diversity of tools and approaches, it is necessary to classify and compare existing TBCG techniques to provide appropriate support to developers. The goal of this thesis is to better understand the characteristics of TBCG techniques, identify research trends, and assess the importance of the role of MDE in this code synthesis approach. We also evaluate the expressiveness, performance and scalability of the associated tools based on a range of models that implement critical patterns. To this end, we conduct a systematic mapping study of the literature that paints an interesting overview of TBCG and a comparative study on TBCG tools to better guide developers in their choices. This study shows that model-based tools offer more expressiveness whereas code-based tools performed much faster. Xtend2 offers the best compromise between the expressiveness and the performance

Abstractions to Support Dynamic Adaptation of Communication Frameworks for User-Centric Communication

The convergence of data, audio and video on IP networks is changing the way individuals, groups and organizations communicate. This diversity of communication media presents opportunities for creating synergistic collaborative communications. This form of collaborative communication is however not without its challenges. The increasing number of communication service providers coupled with a combinatorial mix of offered services, varying Quality-of-Service and oscillating pricing of services increases the complexity for the user to manage and maintain `always best\u27 priced or performance services. Consumers have to manually manage and adapt their communication in line with differences in services across devices, networks and media while ensuring that the usage remain consistent with their intended goals. This dissertation proposes a novel user-centric approach to address this problem. The proposed approach aims to reduce the aforementioned complexity to the user by (1) providing high-level abstractions and a policy based methodology for automated selection of the communication services guided by high-level user policies and (2) providing services through the seamless integration of multiple communication service providers and providing an extensible framework to support the integration of multiple communication service providers. The approach was implemented in the Communication Virtual Machine (CVM), a model-driven technology for realizing communication applications. The CVM includes the Network Communication Broker, the layer responsible for providing a network-independent API to the upper layers of CVM. The initial prototype for the NCB supported only a single communication framework which limited the number, quality and types of services available. Experimental evaluation of the approach show the additional overhead of the approach is minimal compared to the individual communication services frameworks. Additionally the automated approach proposed out performed the individual communication services frameworks for cross framework switching

Extremely high data-rate, reliable network systems research

Significant progress was made over the year in the four focus areas of this research group: gigabit protocols, extensions of metropolitan protocols, parallel protocols, and distributed simulations. Two activities, a network management tool and the Carrier Sensed Multiple Access Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) protocol, have developed to the point that a patent is being applied for in the next year; a tool set for distributed simulation using the language SIMSCRIPT also has commercial potential and is to be further refined. The year's results for each of these areas are summarized and next year's activities are described

First-class features

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Informatik, Diss., 2011von Sagar Sunkl

Comparitive Study of Variability Management in Software Product Lines and Runtime Adaptable Systems

Software Product Lines (SPL) and Runtime Adaptation (RTA) have traditionally been distinct research areas addressing different problems and with different communities. Despite the differences, there are also underlying commonalities with synergies that are worth investigating in both domains, potentially leading to more systematic variability support in both domains. Accordingly, this paper analyses commonality and differences of variability management between SPL and RTA and presents an initial discussion and our perspective on the feasibility of integrating variability management in both areas