Management accounting of agricultural production: improving planning and standardization of costs in the management information system

The problems of organizing effective management accounting of agricultural production through the widespread use of economic methods, both production management and accounting and management methods and the development of their information functions, are very relevant and necessary. Management accounting in modern times is a universal integrated mechanism for the accounting and management activities of an agricultural organization. The management accounting information system should be oriented towards solving complex issues and making managerial decisions quickly. The purpose of the study is the rationale for rationing, planning and management accounting of costs, their control and analysis of production results in the agricultural management information system. The subject of the study is management accounting, while principles are formulated and new methods for rationing labor, material and biological costs of agricultural production are proposed. A unified nomenclature of cost items has been developed for planning, managerial accounting, analysis and control, both for individual production, accounting and planning objects, as well as for self-supporting units (responsibility centers) and the organization as a whole. For the organization of rationing, planning and management accounting of production costs, the sequence of implementation of special procedures is defined, a unified nomenclature of cost items is developed based on the basic conditions of requirements, which include classification attributes, degree of cost participation in the creation of new products, cost control by hierarchical levels of management. It is concluded that by comparing the actual and planned costs for the production of a particular object of planning and accounting, it is possible to analyze their cause and effect deviations, deviations of the actual marginal income and operating profit of the production of these products from their normative values ​​by changing each specific cost item

Analisis Laporan Keuangan BMT Amanah Ummah Studi atas Kesesuaian PSAK No. 59

One of the functions of accounting at Bank and Non Bank Financial Institutions is to know the financial information contained in the convensional company. But in sharia accounting, there is a fundamental difference from the convensional one in their objectives. The purpose of sharia accounting is not only for the interests of company or individual alone but to have responsibility aspect to Allah SWT, as well. It’s rules are based on the law of God contained in the Qur'an and Hadith. The purpose of this study is to determine the suitability of financial statements of BMT Amanah ummah with SFAS No. 59 on Accounting for Islamic Banking. Specifically regarding the financial statements and the financial statements Balance Sheet Income of BMT Amanah Ummah. To find out the problem, researcher used field research approach. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative method which is a method of describing the incident or the facts in the empiric, in this case BMT Amanah Ummah. By comparing and analyzing the accounting reports of BMT Amanah Ummah and it’s conformity with SFAS No. 59 which are supported by interview, documentation, and observation. From this study, based on the recognition and measurement, it can be concluded that presentation and disclosure of financial accounting transaction implementation of various financing institutions of BMT Amanah Ummah products in which includes specific contract in its reporting, are in accordance with SFAS No. 59, and the system used by BMT Amanah Ummah in the input transaction data from it’s existing contract, using special computerized accounting software in accordance with SFAS No. 59 so automatically in financial reporting, both it's financial statements Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss of financial statements are in accordance with SFAS No. 59 on Accounting for Islamic Banking, including the accounts in the Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss therein are in accordance with SFAS No. 59

Kajian terhadap minat kerjaya di kalangan pelajar di Sekolah Menengah Teknik Pengkalan Chepa

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat minat kerjaya di kalangan pe!ajar. Seramai 95 orang pelajar telah dipilih secara rawak mudah dan sebuah Sekolah Menengah Teknik Pengkalan Chepa di daerah Kota Bharu. Mereka terdiri daripada pelajar-pelajar tingkatan empat yang terdiri dari pelbagai jantina, bangsa, persekitaran tempat tinggai dan latar beiakang ibu bapa. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan iaiah Career TH/'ere-sV 7/?ven/orp (CII) dan &yD;rec^eJ&arc/! (SDS) yang telah diterjemahkan ke daiam Bahasa Melayu. Data-data yang diperoiehi diproses secara statistik deskriptif dan inferensi yang bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menguji hipotesis-hipotesis yang dibina dengan menggunakan min, anahsis varian sehata (ANOVA) pada aras signifikan 0.05 dan anahsis korelasi Pearson pada aras signifikan 0.01. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pelajar-pelajar cenderung daiam orientasi Intelek dan Daya Usaha. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan peiajar-peiajarmeminati bidangjurutera, ah!i perniagaan, melanjutkan pelajaran dan kesenian. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan tidak ada perbezaan yang signifikan minat kerjaya pelajar-pelajar daiam bidang-bidang CII dan SDS dari segi jantina, bangsa dan persekitaran tempat tinggai. Dari segi hubungan, hasil kajian menunjukkan wujud hubungan yang signifikan daiam pemilihan kerjaya dengan tahap pendidikan ibu bapa

Financial analysis of a partial manufacturing plant consolidation

Includes bibliographical references

Managing Costs for Efficiency in Production

Purpose: This study aims to provide cost information for the benefit of costs as a measure of the efficiency of a business. Planning tool, meaning that business planning is definitely related to income and costs. Cost control, meaning comparing the costs that should have been incurred to produce one unit of product with the actual costs incurred. Cost is an important factor in ensuring a company's victory in competition in the market. Consumers will choose producers who are able to produce high quality products and services at low prices. Contemporary Cost Management Systems emphasize tracking over allocation. And activity-based management is at the heart of contemporary operations control systems. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a descriptive research method. Data is the document obtained financial statement for the period of 2022. As for the subjects in this study are companies engaged in manufacturing, by calculating the cost based on the financial statements in 2022. Findings: Based on the results of research, it can be concluded that recording costs in the company's internal or known as cost accounting is useful to assist company management in preparing plans or making decisions related to finance. There are at least two main factors that must be considered in choosing a cost driver, namely: measurement costs and the degree of correlation between the cost driver and actual overhead consumption. Cost drivers are divided into two categories, namely structural cost drivers and executional cost drivers. The cost driver is the basis used to charge the costs accumulated in the cost pool to products. So that by calculating costs through a Time Driven activity-based costing system, companies obtain more precise and accurate information. Research limitations/implications: The limitation in this study is that calculating cost can only be done for one entity. Practical implications: The results of this study can be used as a comparison in this cost has a function to measure production costs with the cost of production results. Activity based accounting will make it easier for accountants to understand the costs and benefits derived from the products the company produces. Originality/value: The focus of the research is to find ways to calculate the effectiveness of human resources, means of production, as well as the raw materials for the products to be used. This type of cost accounting also calculates the average direct cost required by the company during its production process. Paper type: Research paper

Accounting Software in Modern Business

The purpose of the research is an investigation of different accounting software products, their functions, and specific features to make easier choice among variety of similar products and analysis of their pros and cons that can influence on companies’ performance. Authors classified accounting software according to its capabilities to serve the different managerial purposes. Because accounting software contains hundreds, some of them even thousands of features, the grouping method gave a possibility to assort similar models that might suit the company's specific requirements – size, cost, customizing, formats, appointments, models, and providers. Observation and comparing of data showed that the cost of accounting programs is critical to making the right choice. As the global accounting software market has a tendency to abrupt change to e-accounting, so that makes it impossible to predict the future behavior of accounting software users. To determine the objectives of this research statistical procedures are conducted. Received results can help potential users of accounting software products to choose the appropriate one based on listed advantages and disadvantages among the best sellers – customization tools, foreign currencies handling, financial and managerial reporting system and analytical capabilities. Lack of prior research studies on the topic and lack of available data have caused significant limitation of the analysis scope. The obtained results gave possibility to identified the main elements in formation the list of features necessary for making right choice of accounting software products. Facts showed managers, who don’t consider specific needs and features of accounting software, encounter with problem of discrepancy to company’s requirements. The research is based on theoretical and empirical data. To collect the necessary data for research there was used a quantitative approach. Analytical method helped to analyze and evaluate the ponderable factors which must be considered in selecting process the most appropriate accounting software for companies. The research is dedicated to problems connected with an uncertainty that appears in the accounting software market. This research adds new knowledge to the accounting field as there was disproving theoretical and practical knowledge about accounting software

Our Common Cropland: Quantifying Global Agricultural Land Use from a Consumption Perspective

Understanding teleconnections of regional consumption patterns and global land use supports policy making towards achieving sustainable land use. We present an innovative globally consistent hybrid land-flow accounting method to track biomass flows and embodied land along global supply chains. It uses the large FAOSTAT database, which is, for non-food commodities, complemented with a multi-regional input-output model. We employ the hybrid model globally between 1995 and 2010 and present results for regional markets. Results highlight the growing integration in international markets. In 2010, 31% of cropland cultivation was for export markets compared to 16% in 1995. The higher land demand of livestock-based diets, which account for one third of global cropland use, and differences in land use intensities cause large regional variations in extents and composition of land footprints. The utilization of cropland changed towards a growing importance of the non-food sector accounting for 12% in 2010. Comparing land quality weighted cropland footprints across regions further reveals large differences in the appropriation of available global cropland productivity. Because of large uncertainties and quality differences in the actual use of grassland for feeding ruminants, we propose land quality weighted grassland footprints to discuss the additional land use for ruminant livestock products

Technological Innovation in Colombian Small Firms: A Gender Multi-Group Analysis

Background: Studies on innovations have been focused on teams, institutions, and organisations without accounting for the role of the executive’s gender. Objectives: This research aims to analyse how small Colombian firms manage technological innovation from the perspective of the gender of executives. Methods/Approach: A quantitative approach and cross-sectional, non-experimental design through Structural Equation Models with PLS-SEM was used. We self-administered a survey randomly to gather data from 145 small firms’ owners or managers in the department of Bogota, Colombia. Results: The results obtained from multi-group analysis evidence that process innovation has a strong and significant positive impact on the innovation of products, and no significant differences were found when comparing the performance of male executives versus female executives. However, descriptive statistics showed that female executives give more importance to the process and product innovation activities, and they demonstrated to manage a better product innovation performance than male executives. Conclusions: The evidence reveals that female executives are more committed to developing new products and choose to acquire new skills or equipment to develop products and processes. It is, therefore, essential to eliminate organisations\u27 cultural stereotypes and take advantage of women’s potential in management leadership

Principles of forming a modern accounting and analytical model of commercial organization in digital economy

Purpose: The article presents basic methodological approaches to the creation of a new model of forming and functioning of the accounting and analytical system to meet the information needs of internal and external stakeholders of organizations. Design/Approach/Methodology: Substantiation of the principles of building a system for accounting and analytical information management that meets current conditions for the business functioning using modern hardware and software. Findings: The developed model of cascade functioning of organization’s information support system optimizes the structure and content of accounting and analytical modules, contributes to the effective implementation of management functions, timely control and rapid response to the impact of negative factors. Practical implications: The principles of information flow management system constructing formulated in the article contribute to optimization of expenses for organization of accounting and analytical functions, improvement of quality of financial and non-financial reporting, realistic assessment and forecasting of business efficiency. Originality/Value: The proposed new model for constructing an accounting and analytical information base allows to improve the procedures of collection, processing, storage and disclosure of financial and non-financial information, to create a balanced structure of the database on the basis of cascade digitization of primary and derived data.peer-reviewe