Combining factual and heuristic knowledge in knowledge acquisition

A knowledge acquisition technique that combines heuristic and factual knowledge represented as two hierarchies is described. These ideas were applied to the construction of a knowledge acquisition interface to the Expert System Analyst (OPERA). The goal of OPERA is to improve the operations support of the computer network in the space shuttle launch processing system. The knowledge acquisition bottleneck lies in gathering knowledge from human experts and transferring it to OPERA. OPERA's knowledge acquisition problem is approached as a classification problem-solving task, combining this approach with the use of factual knowledge about the domain. The interface was implemented in a Symbolics workstation making heavy use of windows, pull-down menus, and other user-friendly devices

Inferring heuristic classification hierarchies from natural language input

A methodology for inferring hierarchies representing heuristic knowledge about the check out, control, and monitoring sub-system (CCMS) of the space shuttle launch processing system from natural language input is explained. Our method identifies failures explicitly and implicitly described in natural language by domain experts and uses those descriptions to recommend classifications for inclusion in the experts' heuristic hierarchies

Computational aerodynamics and artificial intelligence

The general principles of artificial intelligence are reviewed and speculations are made concerning how knowledge based systems can accelerate the process of acquiring new knowledge in aerodynamics, how computational fluid dynamics may use expert systems, and how expert systems may speed the design and development process. In addition, the anatomy of an idealized expert system called AERODYNAMICIST is discussed. Resource requirements for using artificial intelligence in computational fluid dynamics and aerodynamics are examined. Three main conclusions are presented. First, there are two related aspects of computational aerodynamics: reasoning and calculating. Second, a substantial portion of reasoning can be achieved with artificial intelligence. It offers the opportunity of using computers as reasoning machines to set the stage for efficient calculating. Third, expert systems are likely to be new assets of institutions involved in aeronautics for various tasks of computational aerodynamics

Application Of Expert Systems In Analytical And Environmental Chemistry

Expert systems are knowledge based computer programs that offer the possibility of combining theories with heuristic expertise, and are therefore capable of solving domain-specific problems. However, little is known about how human knowledge can be effectively and precisely transferred into computer programs. In addition, the lack of a seamless man-machine interface also causes reduced general acceptance of expert systems. In this thesis, the process of knowledge acquisition and the role of the user interface in expert systems are investigated. Results are presented that describe the development of two prototypic expert systems: SPILLexpert and GSMSdiagnosis.;The knowledge domain matrix (KDM) is an alternative knowledge encoding mechanism that provides a causal knowledge model to be followed in the phases of knowledge extraction and interpretation. The results from the causal analysis are arranged into knowledge tables from which representation to a computer data structure, in this work production rules can be easily achieved. The KDM approach is flexible and effective in the subsequent development phases when the knowledge base is under frequent modification and/or expansion. Knowledge bases developed in this way are portable and can be readily transferred to other expert system shells.;The ACexpert graphical user interface was developed in the Microsoft Windows 3.1 environment. It provides an intuitive access to these systems through the use of graphics and pull down menus, which can be activated by either point-and-click or key stroke. This user interface has been implemented in both the SPILLexpert and GCMSdiagnosis programs.;SPILLexpert is the first expert system application of its kind developed to assist in the response to chemical spills. The importance of this work is two fold. First, an expert system holding heuristics is interfaced with a database structure that retains factual information. Second, the finished program provides a systematic and integrated approach to the development of the most appropriate response to be chosen following an environmental emergency.;GCMSdiagnosis is a diagnostic expert system for trouble-shooting operational problems with the quadrupole ion-trap GC-MS instrument. This work demonstrates the possibility of developing portable expert systems to enhance the \u27intelligence\u27 of modern analytical instruments

The Feasibility of Using Expert Systems in the Management of Human Resources

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a decision aid that is being used increasingly in the business world, the expert system, and to begin to examine its potential for human resource management. First, the expert system technology is reviewed, with a special emphasis on the players, those involved in developing and using the system, and the parts, the three main components of a system. This is followed by an analysis of the costs and benefits and the advantages and disadvantages that have been ascribed to expert systems. We conclude this initial research endeavor by presenting some preliminary findings which suggest that employees are willing to cooperate with expert systems, even those that require personal information, and that they see some benefits to using expert systems as decision aids

Artequakt: Generating tailored biographies from automatically annotated fragments from the web

The Artequakt project seeks to automatically generate narrativebiographies of artists from knowledge that has been extracted from the Web and maintained in a knowledge base. An overview of the system architecture is presented here and the three key components of that architecture are explained in detail, namely knowledge extraction, information management and biography construction. Conclusions are drawn from the initial experiences of the project and future progress is detailed

Expert system technology

The expert system is a computer program which attempts to reproduce the problem-solving behavior of an expert, who is able to view problems from a broad perspective and arrive at conclusions rapidly, using intuition, shortcuts, and analogies to previous situations. Expert systems are a departure from the usual artificial intelligence approach to problem solving. Researchers have traditionally tried to develop general modes of human intelligence that could be applied to many different situations. Expert systems, on the other hand, tend to rely on large quantities of domain specific knowledge, much of it heuristic. The reasoning component of the system is relatively simple and straightforward. For this reason, expert systems are often called knowledge based systems. The report expands on the foregoing. Section 1 discusses the architecture of a typical expert system. Section 2 deals with the characteristics that make a problem a suitable candidate for expert system solution. Section 3 surveys current technology, describing some of the software aids available for expert system development. Section 4 discusses the limitations of the latter. The concluding section makes predictions of future trends

A MOBILE EXPERT SYSTEM APPLICATION FOR SOLVING PERSONAL COMPUTER PROBLEMS

A MOBILE EXPERT SYSTEM APPLICATION FOR SOLVING PERSONAL COMPUTER PROBLEMSAbstractFor the time being, the smartphone is the most popular device in the world a device that is still in development. Today everyone has a personal smartphone device. The capability of these smartphones is to run a variety of all kinds of applications, make user’s use it most of the time as well as for their daily tasks. The aim of this study is to develop an expert system running on android smartphones in order to solve computer problems. This approach is an accurate method to provide solution to computer problems. Design and implementing this expert system is to detect problem by asking users question and offers solution depending on user’s answer. The output solution will provide description with images to be clearer for users to understand what their issue in fact is.Keywords: Expert Systems, Mobile Application, Rule Based Systems. KİŞİSEL BİLGİSAYAR PROBLEMLERİNİN ÇÖZÜMÜ İÇİN BİR MOBİL UZMAN SİSTEM UYGULAMASIÖzetŞu anda, hala geliştirilmekte olan akıllı telefonlar dünyadaki en popüler cihazlardır. Bugün herkes kişisel bir akıllı cihaza sahiptir. Bu akıllı telefonların, kullanıcıların zamanlarının büyük bir kısmında hatta gündelik işlerinde kullandıkları çok çeşitli uygulamalar çalıştırma kabiliyetleri vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bilgisayar problemlerini çözmek için android akıllı telefon üzerinde çalışan bir uzman sistem geliştirmektir. Bu yaklaşım bilgisayar problemlerine çözüm sağlamak için doğru bir yöntemdir. Bu uzman sistemin tasarım ve gerçekleştirilmesi, kullanıcılara sorular sormak suretiyle problemleri tespit etmek ve kullanıcı kullanıcıların cevaplarına dayalı çözümler sunulması biçimindedir. Çıktıyı oluşturan çözüm, kullanıcılar için problemin aslında ne olduğunun anlaşılmasını sağlayan şekilli tanımlayıcı bilgiler sağlayacaktır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Uzman Sistemler, Mobil Uygulama, Kural Tabanlı Sistemler