99,178 research outputs found
A simple axiomatics of dynamic play in repeated games
This paper proposes an axiomatic approach to study two-player infinitely repeated games. A solution is a correspondence that maps the set of stage games into the set of infinite sequences of action profiles. We suggest that a solution should satisfy two simple axioms: individual rationality and collective intelligence. The paper has three main results. First, we provide a classification of all repeated games into families, based on the strength of the requirement imposed by the axiom of collective intelligence. Second, we characterize our solution as well as the solution payoffs in all repeated games. We illustrate our characterizations on several games for which we compare our solution payoffs to the equilibrium payoff set of Abreu and Rubinstein (1988). At last, we develop two models of players' behavior that satisfy our axioms. The first model is a refinement of subgame-perfection, known as renegotiation proofness, and the second is an aspiration-based learning model.Axiomatic approach, repeated games, classification of games, learning, renegotiation
Sharing and Co?generating Knowledges: Reflections on Experiences with PRA and CLTS
The evolution and spread of PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal or Participatory Reflection and Action) and CLTS (Community?Led Total Sanitation) have involved activities of sharing and co?generating knowledge which can loosely be considered a form of Action Learning. Key activities for this have been sequences of participatory workshops which have evolved as creative collective experiences fed by and feeding into wider networking and dissemination. These workshops have been occasions for sharing practice and collating experiences, and going beyond these to generate ideas and evolve and agree principles and good practices. Critical reflections concern power, planning and process, theory of change and impact, lessons learnt, and an ongoing learning process
Framing Situated Professional Knowledge in Online Learning Communities
This paper deepens the theoretical understanding that underpins collaboration through social interaction in professional online learning environments. It explores the use of framing as a theoretical lens to assess situated learning in online graduate education. We explore how collaborative knowledge construction is framed in an intense 10 week graduate IS Project Management course. We present a taxonomy of frame challenging, problematization, and legitimation to demonstrate how individual and collective forms of knowledge construction contribute to group learning about professional practice in the context of action. We close with a model that demonstrates how community knowledge is co-constructed through sequences of contextualized frame-proposal, reflective comparison with own experience, frame-problematization and debate, and generic-legitimation of a consensus frame
Social Scene Understanding: End-to-End Multi-Person Action Localization and Collective Activity Recognition
We present a unified framework for understanding human social behaviors in
raw image sequences. Our model jointly detects multiple individuals, infers
their social actions, and estimates the collective actions with a single
feed-forward pass through a neural network. We propose a single architecture
that does not rely on external detection algorithms but rather is trained
end-to-end to generate dense proposal maps that are refined via a novel
inference scheme. The temporal consistency is handled via a person-level
matching Recurrent Neural Network. The complete model takes as input a sequence
of frames and outputs detections along with the estimates of individual actions
and collective activities. We demonstrate state-of-the-art performance of our
algorithm on multiple publicly available benchmarks
Convolutional Neural Network on Three Orthogonal Planes for Dynamic Texture Classification
Dynamic Textures (DTs) are sequences of images of moving scenes that exhibit
certain stationarity properties in time such as smoke, vegetation and fire. The
analysis of DT is important for recognition, segmentation, synthesis or
retrieval for a range of applications including surveillance, medical imaging
and remote sensing. Deep learning methods have shown impressive results and are
now the new state of the art for a wide range of computer vision tasks
including image and video recognition and segmentation. In particular,
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently proven to be well suited for
texture analysis with a design similar to a filter bank approach. In this
paper, we develop a new approach to DT analysis based on a CNN method applied
on three orthogonal planes x y , xt and y t . We train CNNs on spatial frames
and temporal slices extracted from the DT sequences and combine their outputs
to obtain a competitive DT classifier. Our results on a wide range of commonly
used DT classification benchmark datasets prove the robustness of our approach.
Significant improvement of the state of the art is shown on the larger
datasets.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figure
Prospects of reinforcement learning for the simultaneous damping of many mechanical modes
We apply adaptive feedback for the partial refrigeration of a mechanical
resonator, i.e. with the aim to simultaneously cool the classical thermal
motion of more than one vibrational degree of freedom. The feedback is obtained
from a neural network parametrized policy trained via a reinforcement learning
strategy to choose the correct sequence of actions from a finite set in order
to simultaneously reduce the energy of many modes of vibration. The actions are
realized either as optical modulations of the spring constants in the so-called
quadratic optomechanical coupling regime or as radiation pressure induced
momentum kicks in the linear coupling regime. As a proof of principle we
numerically illustrate efficient simultaneous cooling of four independent modes
with an overall strong reduction of the total system temperature.Comment: Machine learning in Optomechanics: coolin
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