134,500 research outputs found
Social Entrepreneurs by Chance: How environmentalists provide a favorable context for social entrepreneurial action.
How, why, and under what conditions can social movements contribute to the development of social entrepreneurial process developed by embedded actors? Social entrepreneurship scholars are increasingly adopting social movement theories to explain how individual entrepreneurs develop their social ventures. Despite the synergies achieved when combining social movement with social entrepreneurship literature, social entrepreneurial outcomes are still mostly explained by the efforts of atomistic actors. In this paper we offer an embedded perspective on social entrepreneurship and social movement, which enables us to examine their complementary features in a sustainable development project in a Dutch region. While contentious activity did not produce the desired effect in our case, we found that the various stages of social entrepreneurship processes (opportunity identification, evaluation, formalization, and exploitation) through which embedded actors develop their ventures were especially enhanced by joint knowledge creation between movements and embedded actors, the construction of producer identities, and direct business support. This study contributes to the social movement literature by showing how movements can bring about change by providing embedded actors with producersâ identities and hands-on support. The literature on social entrepreneurship is also complemented, as we show how motives and behaviors to engage in social entrepreneurship are shaped by social movements, in combination with changes in the degree of embeddedness
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Using the Values-Practice Framework to adopt lifetime optimising behaviours: the case of maintenance
The influence that consumers have on the lifespan of products has attracted increased attention in recent years. Studies have provided an overall understanding of the factors that influence consumer attitudes and behaviours towards product longevity, categorised around the physical properties of a product, and individual and societal characteristics. However, such studies do not yet adequately explain how people could adopt product lifetime optimising behaviours. To fill this gap, the paper analyses a range of studies on what influences product lifetimes, focusing on maintenance activities. It proposes the use of the Values-Practice framework derived from two theoretical positions, social psychology and social practice theory, to consider how to facilitate the adoption of lifetime optimising behaviours. To build this framework, it analyses studies that classify factors influencing attitudes and behaviours towards product lifetimes and then links these to the âmeaningâ, âcompetenceâ and âmaterialâ elements of practice. The framework could be used as a tool to aid designers under stand the different elements and factors that engage people in maintenance activities. The paper concludes by considering the research requirements for the future application of the framework
Using psychological theory to understand the clinical management of type 2 diabetes in Primary Care : a comparison across two European countries
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Reputation and ethical behaviour in a crisis: predicting survival
Purpose â The purpose of this paper is to explore the interrelation of reputation with corporate
performance in a crisis and consider the factors that make up the balance between strong recovery,
bare survival and failure. The emphasis is on corporate communication and corporate governance.
Design/methodology/approach â The current debate on reputation and the validity of the term
reputation management is reviewed and cases studies from Australia and the UK are examined.
Findings â The paper finds that, in the case studies, poor management, unethical practices, a lack of
engagement with customers and other stakeholders, indifferent or aggressive performances by CEOs
and lack of preparedness for crisis communication severely or terminally affected the organisations. It
identifies a new reputational factor of predictability and considers why some organisations survive a
crisis that has strong negative ethical dimensions while others fail.
Originality/value â This paper scrutinises existing concepts of reputation and reputation
management and finds that they are not able to predict recovery, survival or failure of
organisations. A new definition of reputation is put forward and the factor of predictability is
emphasised in proposals for new applied theory
Nations in news: ordinary stereotypes in national TV news coverage of Spain and Germany
This contribution investigates the stereotyping of nations in TV news text. It compares the headline appearances of the names Germany and Spain on each otherâs leading national evening TV news program during the peak of the European financial crisis (2011-13). The paper combines quantitative analysis of word-frequency and topic-distribution in a 621 headline-corpus, with in-depth case analysis of news values underpinning 32 extracted headline examples. A discussion of literature in media anthropology and Critical Discourse Analysis concludes with the argument that intentions and consequences of media discourse should be separated, whereas differences between ordinary and official language should not be overvalued. The case study shows how the textual display of Germans and Spaniards supports the everyday imagining of national belonging, how othering works through the labelling of nations as âeconomiesâ, and how negativity, competition and relatedness are prevailing values underlying the examined news headlines
On the nature and role of intersubjectivity in communication
We outline a theory of human agency and communication and discuss the role that the capability to share (that is, intersubjectivity) plays in it. All the notions discussed are cast in a mentalistic and radically constructivist framework. We also introduce and discuss the relevant literature
Collective Responsibility for Oppression
Many contemporary forms of oppression are not primarily the result of formally organized collective action nor are they an unintended outcome of a combination of individual actions. This raises the question of collective responsibility. I argue that we can only determine who is responsible for oppression if we understand oppression as a matter of social practices that create obstacles for social change. This social practice view of oppression enables two insights: First, that there is an unproblematic sense in which groups can bear irreducible collective responsibility for oppression. Second, that there are derived forms of individual responsibility for members of dominant groups
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