PRZEŁĄCZNIK-FILTR NA FALOWODZIE PROSTOKĄTNYM CZĘŚCIOWO WYPEŁNIONYM DIELEKTRYKIEM

At article investigates a broadband switch for microwave technology, antenna-feeder paths of which are implemented on a rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric. Modern means of communication of the microwave range can operate for transmission through two independent antenna channels, each of which includes its own microwave transmitter. It is also provided the operation of one microwave transmitter for two antennas. The transmission of high-power signals requires the implementation devices based on rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric for such antenna-feeder paths. The active element is an open nonlinear structure included in a dielectric plate which located in a rectangular waveguide.  The electrodynamic problem is solved by the method of eigenfunctions. In this article, the transfer coefficient T11 and plotted the graphs of the dependence of the electrical length of the waveguide segment with the open nonlinear structure on the value of the reactive conductivity of the inductive loop at fixed reactive conductivity of the open nonlinear structure is determine. The results of this article can be used in the development of broadband switches for mobile digital combined troposcatter-radio relay stations with space-diversity transmission, antenna-feeder paths of which are implemented on the rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric. The article developed a filter on waveguide tees partially filled by dielectric. A design based on an H-tee on a rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric is proposed. The equivalent circuit of the H-tee is based on the equivalent circuit in the longitudinal slot in the narrow wall of the waveguide. Such a gap interrupts the lines of the transverse surface current of the main quasi-H10 wave of a rectangular waveguide partially filled by dielectric. Numerical results are obtained for transformation ratios.W artykule zbadano szerokopasmowy przełącznik dla techniki mikrofalowej, którego tory antenowo-podajnikowe są realizowane na falowodzie prostokątnym częściowo wypełnionym dielektrykiem. Nowoczesne urządzenia do komunikacji mikrofalowej mogą pracować na dwóch niezależnych kanałach antenowych, z których każdy zawiera własny nadajnik mikrofalowy. Możliwa jest również praca jednego nadajnika mikrofalowego na dwóch antenach. Transmisja sygnałów dużej mocy wymaga realizacji urządzeń opartych na falowodzie prostokątnym częściowo wypełnionym dielektrykiem. Elementem aktywnym jest otwarta struktura nieliniowa zawarta w płytce dielektrycznej, która znajduje się w prostokątnym falowodzie. Problem elektrodynamiczny jest rozwiązywany metodą funkcji własnych. W artykule wyznaczono współczynnik transmisji oraz wykreślono wykresy zależności długości elektrycznej segmentu falowodu o otwartej strukturze nieliniowej od wartości reaktancji obwodu indukcyjnego przy ustalonej reaktancji otwartej struktury nieliniowej. Wyniki artykułu mogą być wykorzystane przy opracowywaniu szerokopasmowych przełączników ruchomych cyfrowych kombinowanych stacji przekaźnikowych troposferycznych z separacją przestrzenną, których tory antenowo-podajnikowe realizowane są na falowodzie prostokątnym częściowo wypełnionym dielektrykiem. W artykule opracowano filtr na trójnikach falowodowych częściowo wypełnionych dielektrykiem. Zaproponowano konstrukcję opartą na trójniku typu H na falowodzie prostokątnym częściowo wypełnionym dielektrykiem. Obwód równoważny trójkąta H jest oparty na obwodzie równoważnym w szczelinie podłużnej w wąskiej ściance falowodu. Szczelina taka przerywa poprzeczne linie prądu powierzchniowego fali fundamentalnej w falowodzie prostokątnym częściowo wypełnionym dielektrykiem. Otrzymano wyniki numeryczne dla współczynników transformacji

Performance analysis of image transmission with various channel conditions/modulation techniques

This paper investigates the impact of different modulation techniques for digital communication systems that employ quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM and 64-QAM) to transmit images over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels for the cellular mobile networks. In the further steps, wiener and median filters has been adopted to the simulation are used at the receiver side to remove the impulsive noise present in the received image. This work is performed to evaluate the transmission of two dimensional (2D) gray-scale and color-scale (RGB) images with different values from signal to noise ratios (SNR), such as; (5, 10 and 15) dB over different channels. The correct conclusions are made by comparing many of the observed Matlab simulation results. This was carried out through the results that measure the quality of received image, which is analyzes in terms of SNRimage peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and mean square error (MSE)

3D-in-2D Displays for ATC.

This paper reports on the efforts and accomplishments of the 3D-in-2D Displays for ATC project at the end of Year 1. We describe the invention of 10 novel 3D/2D visualisations that were mostly implemented in the Augmented Reality ARToolkit. These prototype implementations of visualisation and interaction elements can be viewed on the accompanying video. We have identified six candidate design concepts which we will further research and develop. These designs correspond with the early feasibility studies stage of maturity as defined by the NASA Technology Readiness Level framework. We developed the Combination Display Framework from a review of the literature, and used it for analysing display designs in terms of display technique used and how they are combined. The insights we gained from this framework then guided our inventions and the human-centered innovation process we use to iteratively invent. Our designs are based on an understanding of user work practices. We also developed a simple ATC simulator that we used for rapid experimentation and evaluation of design ideas. We expect that if this project continues, the effort in Year 2 and 3 will be focus on maturing the concepts and employment in a operational laboratory settings

The Feasibility of Wireless Energy

Research was conducted to investigate the current and future applications of wireless energy transmission. To understand the fundamental theory, progressive innovations, and detrimental effects of this technology within the environment and society, a comprehensive literature review was formed. Electronic questionnaires were distributed, and personal interviews were conducted to obtain detailed descriptions of modern implementation methods within different industries. A survey was also developed to determine public perspectives of the technology. A majority of the surveyed subjects believed that wireless energy will require between 3 and 7 years to integrate completely into society

The use of electrochemical sensors for monitoring urban air quality in low-cost, high-density networks

Measurements at appropriate spatial and temporal scales are essential for understanding and monitoring spatially heterogeneous environments with complex and highly variable emission sources, such as in urban areas. However, the costs and complexity of conventional air quality measurement methods means that measurement networks are generally extremely sparse. In this paper we show that miniature, low-cost electrochemical gas sensors, traditionally used for sensing at parts-per-million (ppm) mixing ratios can, when suitably configured and operated, be used for parts-per-billion (ppb) level studies for gases relevant to urban air quality. Sensor nodes, in this case consisting of multiple individual electrochemical sensors, can be low-cost and highly portable, thus allowing the deployment of scalable high-density air quality sensor networks at fine spatial and temporal scales, and in both static and mobile configurations.This work was supported by EPSRC (grant number EP/E002102/1) and the Department for Transport