The Cultural Landscape & Heritage Paradox; Protection and Development of the Dutch Archeological-Historical Landscape and its European Dimension

To what extent can we know past and mainly invisible landscapes, and how we can use this still hidden knowledge for actual sustainable management of landscape’s cultural and historical values. It has also been acknowledged that heritage management is increasingly about ‘the management of future change rather than simply protection’. This presents us with a paradox: to preserve our historic environment, we have to collaborate with those who wish to transform it and, in order to apply our expert knowledge, we have to make it suitable for policy and society. The answer presented by the Protection and Development of the Dutch Archaeological-Historical Landscape programme (pdl/bbo) is an integrative landscape approach which applies inter- and transdisciplinarity, establishing links between archaeological-historical heritage and planning, and between research and policy. This is supported by two unifying concepts: ‘biography of landscape’ and ‘action research’. This approach focuses upon the interaction between knowledge, policy and an imagination centered on the public. The European perspective makes us aware of the resourcefulness of the diversity of landscapes, of social and institutional structures, of various sorts of problems, approaches and ways forward. In addition, two related issues stand out: the management of knowledge creation for landscape research and management, and the prospects for the near future. Underlying them is the imperative that we learn from the past ‘through landscape’

Why do papers from international collaborations get more citations? A bibliometric analysis of Library and Information Science papers

Scientific activity has become increasingly complex in recent years. The need for international research collaboration has thus become a common pattern in science. In this current landscape, countries face the problem of maintaining their competitiveness while cooperating with other countries to achieve relevant research outputs. In this international context, publications from international collaborations tend to achieve greater scientific impact than those from domestic ones. To design policies that improve the competitiveness of countries and organizations, it thus becomes necessary to understand the factors and mechanisms that influence the benefits and impact of international research. In this regard, the aim of this study is to confirm whether the differences in impact between international and domestic collaborations are affected by their topics and structure. To perform this study, we examined the Library and Information Science category of the Web of Science database between 2015 and 2019. A science mapping analysis approach was used to extract the themes and their structure according to collaboration type and in the whole category (2015–2019). We also looked for differences in these thematic aspects in top countries and in communities of collaborating countries. The results showed that the thematic factor influences the impact of international research, as the themes in this type of collaboration lie at the forefront of the Library and Information Science category (e.g., technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media are found in the category), while domestic collaborations have focused on more well-consolidated themes (e.g., academic libraries and bibliometrics). Organizations, countries, and communities of countries must therefore consider this thematic factor when designing strategies to improve their competitiveness and collaborate.Spanish Government PID2019-105381GA-I00/AEI/10.13039/50110001103

Why do papers from international collaborations get more citations? A bibliometric analysis of Library and Information Science papers

Scientific activity has become increasingly complex in recent years. The need for international research collaboration has thus become a common pattern in science. In this current landscape, countries face the problem of maintaining their competitiveness while cooperating with other countries to achieve relevant research outputs. In this international context, publications from international collaborations tend to achieve greater scientific impact than those from domestic ones. To design policies that improve the competitiveness of countries and organizations, it thus becomes necessary to understand the factors and mechanisms that influence the benefits and impact of international research. In this regard, the aim of this study is to confirm whether the differences in impact between international and domestic collaborations are affected by their topics and structure. To perform this study, we examined the Library and Information Science category of the Web of Science database between 2015 and 2019. A science mapping analysis approach was used to extract the themes and their structure according to collaboration type and in the whole category (2015-2019). We also looked for differences in these thematic aspects in top countries and in communities of collaborating countries. The results showed that the thematic factor influences the impact of international research, as the themes in this type of collaboration lie at the forefront of the Library and Information Science category (e.g., technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media are found in the category), while domestic collaborations have focused on more well-consolidated themes (e.g., academic libraries and bibliometrics). Organizations, countries, and communities of countries must therefore consider this thematic factor when designing strategies to improve their competitiveness and collaborate

The Urban Archaeological Supersite Paradigm: Integrating Archaeology and HGIS into Heritage Management

The archaeological heritages of many of the world’s historic cities are at risk. If these urban archaeological resources are destroyed before excavation and documentation using sound archaeological techniques, the material histories of these cities are erased. The Urban Archaeological Supersite Paradigm is presented as means to address some of the threats facing urban archaeological sites. The urban archaeological supersite paradigm is both an applied and a scholarly research framework useful for examining and interpreting the urban past and for helping to address urban archaeological heritage at risk. It conceptualizes the historic city as a supersite made up of numerous archaeological deposits and past activity areas that can reveal the palimpsest of the city. The supersite paradigm is also a mechanism to identify, analyze, and interpret the archaeological heritage of the city via historical GIS (HGIS). Using New Orleans as an example, the research presented involved collecting, creating, and analyzing geospatial data and combining this data in new, meaningful ways within a GIS platform. To showcase the usefulness of implementing the supersite paradigm using HGIS research, three different research questions, at three different scales, are addressed to investigate past histories of New Orleans. The goal is to improve the likelihood that archaeology is incorporated into larger urban planning, management, and implementation processes thereby reducing the threats to the historic urban landscape. Moreover, creating a research paradigm in combination with HGIS creates opportunities for scholars to examine the historic city from a variety of perspectives and helps to link research themes spatially by adding a geographical component

Essential characteristics, learning, and knowledge sharing in K-12 environmental education partnerships: an exploration study

To realize California public education’s vision of fostering an environmentally literate citizenry, students will require a strong foundation in environmental education, especially during their elementary years. Yet, many students are not exposed to the foundational knowledge and authentic experiential learning necessary to develop environmental literacy. Although they are not widespread, collaborative partnerships between K-12 teachers and local environmental educators offer unique experiential learning opportunities for students that are usually beyond the means of a single classroom teacher to provide. This qualitative study explored the essential characteristics of sustained partnership activities between formal K-12 teachers and informal environmental educators in a rural Northern California county known to have an active environmental educator network. Semi-structured individual interviews with 12 environmental educators and four elementary teachers, along with two observations involving collaborative meetings and outreach programs, were conducted. Emergent findings indicated that most long-standing partnerships are relational rather than contractual, built upon mutual respect, empathy for teachers, and strong beliefs about environmental education. Effective outreach programs are therefore designed to be as accommodating and accessible as possible for teachers. It was discovered that engagement is predominately initiated by the teachers out of their desire to access resources and offer unique experiential activities afforded through the partnerships. These findings support the conclusion that most environmental education partnerships are teacher-driven and sustained as a result of the positive experiences, accessibility, and rewarding outcomes achieved. This study also found that environmental educators are highly knowledgeable professionals in their respective fields and skilled in the unique student-centered pedagogical approaches necessary for facilitating outdoor inquiry and learning for students as well as teachers. Furthermore, they credited much of their continued professional learning and growth to the environmental educator network. Thereby concluding that partnership activities produce opportunities for dynamic communities of learning and knowledge sharing involving teachers, students, environmental educators, and the community. Moreover, the existence of an effectual environmental educator network strengthens outreach programs and their collective impact across the region. By its very nature, experiential environmental education crosses the boundaries of formal and informal learning, thus central figures are exposed to, and learn from each other’s practices

Crisis and Resistance in the Two Spains: an ethnographic study of the narratives, impact and limitations of protest in Madrid since 2011.

This thesis is concerned with the lasting impact of austerity policies on expressions and experiences of dissent. It draws on eighteen months of ethnographic fieldwork carried out in Madrid between 2016 and 2018, creating a new anthropological gauge for political resistance in the wake of crisis. The city of Madrid became, in 2011, a centre-stage for new waves of social movements, in which a wide cross-section of participants mobilised in protests against austerity measures in the midst of the Eurozone crisis. This thesis, removed temporally from the immediacy of these protests, evaluates their form and lasting impact in retrospect. It draws upon a wide sample of narratives and case studies to establish why and how resistance to pervasive economic practices has receded despite the enduring actuality of crisis experiences. While the public engagement of 2011 has shown some resonance on the Spanish electoral scene, readings of resistance as solidary and spontaneous have failed to translate into lasting resistant engagement for many local actors. This thesis broadens anthropological readings of resistance to include not only its active moments and members, but also the latency and sub-strata that make up much of its local reality. Through ethnographic analysis of activists, producers of activist content, and partially resistant audiences, this thesis posits that resistance to austerity in Madrid cannot be explained solely by neoliberal binaries. Rather, it draws upon aesthetic and narrative sub-texts, which local actors recognise and re-use to shape their own actions as resistant. I argue that local sub-texts of dissent are articulated along pre-existing socio-historic fractures in Spain, setting resistance in retrospective and disenchanted gazes which hinder its creative potential in the face of neoliberal oppression

LDE HERITAGE CONFERENCE on Heritage and the Sustainable Development Goals:

Heritage—natural and cultural, material and immaterial—plays a key role in the development of sustainable cities and communities. Goal 11, target 4, of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasizes the relation between heritage and sustainability. The International LDE Heritage conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development Goals, which took place from 26 to 28 November 2019 at TU Delft in the Netherlands, examined the theories, methodologies, and practices of heritage and SDGs. It asked: How is heritage produced and defined? By whom and in what contexts? What are the conceptions of sustainability, and in what ways are these situational and contextual? How can theoretical findings on heritage and SDGs engage with heritage practice? The conference built on the multidisciplinary expertise of academics in the humanities, social, and spatial sciences, notably the interdisciplinary crossover research program, Design & History, the new theme of Heritage Futures at TU Delft, on active collaboration within the LDE Center for Global Heritage and Development (CGHD), and on heritage-related research conducted by the three partner universities Leiden, Delft and Erasmus in Rotterdam by further associated partners in the consortium and internationally. At TU Delft the research programs bring together different departments and disciplines: architecture, urbanism, history, landscape architecture, real estate and management, and engineering. They aim to further an interdisciplinary understanding of the transformation of the built environment and, through the consistent use of the past, to enable buildings, cities, and landscapes to become more sustainable, resource-efficient, resilient, safe, and inclusive. Researchers from Leiden University approach heritage from a broad variety of disciplinary perspectives, such as archaeology, museum studies, cultural anthropology, and area studies. Heritage research at Leiden University explores processes of heritage creation, and the appreciation and evaluation of material and immaterial heritage, to gain new insights into the cultural constitution of societies. Creating, acknowledging, and contesting heritage tends to be politically sensitive as it involves assertions and redefinitions of memory and identity. History and social studies scholars from Erasmus University in Rotterdam add further insights into heritage practice. This conference created a setting where academics and heritage practitioners could explore these questions from specific perspectives. It brought together 120 academics and practitioners keen to develop their understanding of and their input into heritage conservation, and to increase their contributions towards the development of sustainable cities and communities. The three-day conference combined a variety of formats. Participants engaged in nine academic sessions with peer-reviewed papers, eight roundtables on strategic goals, and six workshops spent applying specific methods and tools

Bibliometric Studies and Worldwide Research Trends on Global Health

Global health, conceived as a discipline, aims to train, research and respond to problems of a transboundary nature, in order to improve health and health equity at the global level. The current worldwide situation is ruled by globalization, and therefore the concept of global health involves not only health-related issues, but also those related to the environment and climate change. Therefore, in this Special Issue, the problems related to global health have been addressed from a bibliometric approach in four main areas: environmental issues, diseases, health, education and society

Working definitions in literature and tourism: a research guide

Working definitions in literature and tourism: A research guide is a volume that assembles a large set of working definitions aimed at all researchers in the field of literature and tourism. The entries are written by around 50 scholars and experts from all over the world, covering a wide range of concepts that go through the areas of literature and tourism and also, among others, culture, geography, anthropology, and methodologies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Analysis of the social perception of ecosystem services on a peri-urban communal forest from northwestern Spain: a social-ecological approach

This PhD Thesis analyses the social perception of the ecosystem services provided by the peri-urban Xalo communal forests (NW Spain) by using a multidisciplinary socio-cultural approach with a gender perspective. It contains three original research works that develop an increasing gradient of stakeholder participationfrom observation, through consultation to engagement. The results obtained underline the critical importance of the non-material benefits that communal forests provide to society. This research demonstrates that the socio-cultural assessment of the actual demand for ecosystem services provides key information to local communities and political actors in the context of reinvention that many communal forest communities are heading nowadays