IoT-Based Alternating Current Electrical Parameters Monitoring System

Energy monitors are indispensable for achieving efficient electrical grids and even more so in the age of the Internet of Things (IoT), where electrical system data are monitored from anywhere in the world. This paper presents the development of a two-channel electrical parameter-monitoring system based on the M5 Stack Core2 kit. The acquisition of variables is done through PZEM 004T V3.0 sensors, and the data are sent to the ThingSpeak cloud database. Local readings are done through the LCD, and data re stored on a micro SD card. Remote monitoring is done through two applications, namely a web application and a mobile application, each designed for different purposes. To validate this proposal, a commercial device with IoT features (Gen 2 Vue Energy Monitor) is used, comparing the active power and active energy readings recorded continuously for 7 days. The results indicate an accuracy of up to 1.95% in power and 0.81% in energy, obtaining a low-cost compact product with multiple features

A Low-Cost IoT Based Buildings Management System (BMS) Using Arduino Mega 2560 And Raspberry Pi 4 For Smart Monitoring and Automation

This work presents an internet of things (IoT) based building management system (BMS) for monitoring, control, and energy management in buildings to provide an efficient way of energy utilization. Existing systems mainly provide monitoring of different parameters with limited controlling/automation functions. Existing solutions also do not provide automatic decision-making, advanced safety management, and resource tracking. However, the proposed system provides a comprehensive way of monitoring, controlling, and automatic decision making regarding different environmental and electrical parameters in buildings, i.e., temperature, humidity, dust, volt, etc., by using a low-cost wireless sensor network (WSN). The architecture of the proposed system consists of five layers and uses analog sensors which are connected to Arduino Mega 2560 microcontrollers for data collecting, NodeMCUs ESP8266 for wireless communication, Raspberry Pi4 microcomputers for decision making, and nod-RED dashboard which runs locally on a Raspberry Pi 4to provide a friendly end-user interface. The system also uses the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol through Wi-Fi and completely relies on the local devices in the architecture and does not need cloud computing services. The proposed system provides two different kinds of automation, i.e., safety automation for the safety of different devices with advanced features, and energy automation. The proposed system is also able to provide humidity control inside a room and to track and count the available resources in any facility. The proposed system is low cost, scalable, and can be used in any building. Simulation results show that the proposed system is highly efficient

Internet of Things-aided Smart Grid: Technologies, Architectures, Applications, Prototypes, and Future Research Directions

Traditional power grids are being transformed into Smart Grids (SGs) to address the issues in existing power system due to uni-directional information flow, energy wastage, growing energy demand, reliability and security. SGs offer bi-directional energy flow between service providers and consumers, involving power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization systems. SGs employ various devices for the monitoring, analysis and control of the grid, deployed at power plants, distribution centers and in consumers' premises in a very large number. Hence, an SG requires connectivity, automation and the tracking of such devices. This is achieved with the help of Internet of Things (IoT). IoT helps SG systems to support various network functions throughout the generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy by incorporating IoT devices (such as sensors, actuators and smart meters), as well as by providing the connectivity, automation and tracking for such devices. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on IoT-aided SG systems, which includes the existing architectures, applications and prototypes of IoT-aided SG systems. This survey also highlights the open issues, challenges and future research directions for IoT-aided SG systems

PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN SISTEM MONITORING DAN PENGISIAN TOKEN LISTRIK PADA TWO-WAY ENERGY METER BERBASIS IOT (INTERNET OF THINGS)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan desain sistem monitoring dan pengisian token listrik pada two-way energy meter berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang dapat dipantau secara real-time menggunakan aplikasi android dengan biaya yang lebih murah. Disain sistem ini dikembangkan menggunakan ATMEGA1284P-AU sebagai kontroler, modul Quectel M95 untuk mengakses internet protokol (IP), protokol MODBUS RTU melalui serial RS485 sebagai penghubung komunikasi antara kWh meter dan modem, dan MQTT sebagai protokol komunikasi utama yang membuat sistem dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet. Protokol MQTT ini digunakan untuk mengirimkan data dari modem ke cloud server. Setelah proses pengembangan sistem, kemudian dilakukan pengujian pengisian token listrik untuk mengetahui nilai delay antara tampilan aplikasi android dan LCD kWh meter. Dari seratus kali percobaan yang dilakukan didapat nilai rata-rata delay sebesar 1,81 detik. Dengan dikembangkannya sistem ini, diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai solusi alternatif pengguna kWh meter prabayar dalam menangani pengisian token listrik secara otomatis, praktis dan dapat dimonitor dari jarak jauh. ..... This study aims to develop a design of monitoring and electric token top up system of the two-way energy meter based on Internet of Things (IoT) which can be monitored in real-time using an low cost android application. The design of system was developed using ATMEGA1284P-AU as controller, Quectel M95 module to access internet protocol (IP), MODBUS RTU protocol through RS485 serial as a communication link between kWh meter and modem, and MQTT as the main communication protocol allowing the system to communicate with internet. The MQTT protocol was used to transmit data from the modem to the cloud server. After the development process, the system was then tested to find out the value of the delay between the appearance of the android application and LCD kWh meter. From a hundred times of experiment, the average value of delay, i.e. 1.81 s was resulted. By using the development of this system, it is expected to be an alternative solution for prepaid kWh meter users in managing electric top-up token automatically, practically and can be monitored remotely

Recent advances in industrial wireless sensor networks towards efficient management in IoT

With the accelerated development of Internet-of- Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSN) are gaining importance in the continued advancement of information and communication technologies, and have been connected and integrated with Internet in vast industrial applications. However, given the fact that most wireless sensor devices are resource constrained and operate on batteries, the communication overhead and power consumption are therefore important issues for wireless sensor networks design. In order to efficiently manage these wireless sensor devices in a unified manner, the industrial authorities should be able to provide a network infrastructure supporting various WSN applications and services that facilitate the management of sensor-equipped real-world entities. This paper presents an overview of industrial ecosystem, technical architecture, industrial device management standards and our latest research activity in developing a WSN management system. The key approach to enable efficient and reliable management of WSN within such an infrastructure is a cross layer design of lightweight and cloud-based RESTful web service

iSEA: IoT-based smartphone energy assistant for prompting energy-aware behaviors in commercial buildings

Providing personalized energy-use information to individual occupants enables the adoption of energy-aware behaviors in commercial buildings. However, the implementation of individualized feedback still remains challenging due to the difficulties in collecting personalized data, tracking personal behaviors, and delivering personalized tailored information to individual occupants. Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are used in a variety of applications including real-time monitoring, control, and decision-making due to the flexibility of these technologies for fusing different data streams. In this paper, we propose a novel IoT-based smartphone energy assistant (iSEA) framework which prompts energy-aware behaviors in commercial buildings. iSEA tracks individual occupants through tracking their smartphones, uses a deep learning approach to identify their energy usage, and delivers personalized tailored feedback to impact their usage. iSEA particularly uses an energy-use efficiency index (EEI) to understand behaviors and categorize them into efficient and inefficient behaviors. The iSEA architecture includes four layers: physical, cloud, service, and communication. The results of implementing iSEA in a commercial building with ten occupants over a twelve-week duration demonstrate the validity of this approach in enhancing individualized energy-use behaviors. An average of 34% energy savings was measured by tracking occupants’ EEI by the end of the experimental period. In addition, the results demonstrate that commercial building occupants often ignore controlling over lighting systems at their departure events that leads to wasting energy during non-working hours. By utilizing the existing IoT devices in commercial buildings, iSEA significantly contributes to support research efforts into sensing and enhancing energy-aware behaviors at minimal costs