Anatomy of a message in the Alewife multiprocessor

Shared-memory provides a uniform and attractive mechanism for communication. For efficiency, it is often implemented with a layer of interpretive hardware on top of a message-passing communications network. This interpretive layer is responsible for data location, data movement, and cache coherence. It uses patterns of communication that benefit common programming styles, but which are only heuristics. This suggests that certain styles of communication may benefit from direct access to the underlying communications substrate. The Alewife machine, a shared-memory multiprocessor being built at MIT, provides such an interface. The interface is an integral part of the shared memory implementation and affords direct, user-level access to the network queues, supports an efficient DMA mechanism, and includes fast trap handling for message reception. This paper discusses the design and implementation of the Alewife message-passing interface and addresses the issues and advantages of using such an interface to complement hardware-synthesized shared memory.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant MIP-9012773)United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Contract N00014-87-K-0825

Health Psychol

Objective:Mobile technologies allow for accessible and cost-effective health monitoring and intervention delivery. Despite these advantages, mobile health (mHealth) engagement is often insufficient. While monetary incentives may increase engagement, they can backfire, dampening intrinsic motivations and undermining intervention scalability. Theories from psychology and behavioral economics suggest useful non-monetary strategies for promoting engagement; however, examinations of the applicability of these strategies to mHealth engagement are lacking. This proof-of-concept study evaluates the translation of theoretically-grounded engagement strategies into mHealth, by testing their potential utility in promoting daily self-reporting.Methods:A micro-randomized trial (MRT) was conducted with adolescents and emerging adults with past-month substance use. Participants were randomized multiple times daily to receive theoretically-grounded strategies, namely reciprocity (the delivery of inspirational quote prior to self-reporting window) and non-monetary reinforcers (e.g., the delivery of meme/gif following self-reporting completion) to improve proximal engagement in daily mHealth self-reporting.Results:Daily self-reporting rates (62.3%; n=68) were slightly lower than prior literature, albeit with much lower financial incentives. The utility of specific strategies was found to depend on contextual factors pertaining to the individual\u2019s receptivity and risk for disengagement. For example, the effect of reciprocity significantly varied depending on whether this strategy was employed (vs. not employed) during the weekend. The non-monetary reinforcement strategy resulted in different outcomes when operationalized in various ways.Conclusions:While the results support the translation of the reciprocity strategy into this mHealth setting, the translation of non-monetary reinforcement requires further consideration prior to inclusion in a full scale MRT.R49 CE002099/CE/NCIPC CDC HHSUnited States/Michigan Institute for Data Science/R49CE002099/ACL/ACL HHSUnited States/P50 DA039838/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/National Institutes of Health; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism/R01 AA023187/AA/NIAAA NIH HHSUnited States/National Institutes of Health; National Institute on Drug Abuse/U01 CA229437/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/U10 CA180819/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/P41 EB028242/EB/NIBIB NIH HHSUnited States/R01 DA039901/DA/NIDA NIH HHSUnited States/2022-01-07T00:00:00Z34735165PMC873809810782vault:4067

Integrated shared-memory and message-passing communication in the Alewife multiprocessor

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 237-246) and index.by John David Kubiatowicz.Ph.D

Coherent network interfaces for fine-grain communication

Using coherence can improve performance by facilitating burst transfers of whole cache blocks and reducing control overheads. This paper describes an attempt to explore network interfaces that use coherence, i.e., coherent network interfaces (CNIs), to improve communication performance. First, it reports on the development and optimization of two mechanisms that CNIs use to communicate with processors. A taxonomy and comparison of four CNIs with a more conventional NI are then presented

Novel Modeling and Simulation Concepts for Power Distribution Networks

L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

Faculty Publications and Creative Works 2002

Introduction One of the ways in which we recognize our faculty at the University of New Mexico is through Faculty Publications & Creative Works. An annual publication, it highlights our faculty\u27s scholarly and creative activities and achievements and serves as a compendium of UNM faculty efforts during the 2001 calendar year. Faculty Publications & Creative Works strives to illustrate the depth and breadth of research activities performed throughout our University\u27s laboratories, studios and classrooms. We believe that the communication of individual research is a significant method of sharing concepts and thoughts and ultimately inspiring the birth of new ideas. In support of this, UNM faculty during 2002 produced over 2,278 works, including 1,735 scholarly papers and articles, 64 books, 195 book chapters, 174 reviews, 84 creative works and 26 patented works. We are proud of the accomplishments of our faculty which are in part reflected in this book, which illustrates the diversity of intellectual pursuits in support of research and education at the University of New Mexico. Terry Yates Vice Provost for Researc