2,980 research outputs found
On the Age of Status Updates in Unreliable Multi-Source M/G/1 Queueing Systems
The timeliness of status message delivery in communications networks is
subjective to time-varying wireless channel transmissions. In this paper, we
investigate the age of information (AoI) of each source in a multi-source M/G/1
queueing update system with active server failures. In particular, we adopt the
method of supplementary variables to derive closed-form expression for the
average AoI in terms of system parameters, where the server repair time follows
a general distribution and the service time of packets generated by independent
sources is a general random variable. Numerical results are provided to
validate the effectiveness of the proposed packet serving policy under
different parametric settings.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, journa
Uplink Age of Information of Unilaterally Powered Two-way Data Exchanging Systems
We consider a two-way data exchanging system where a master node transfers
energy and data packets to a slave node alternatively. The slave node harvests
the transferred energy and performs information transmission as long as it has
sufficient energy for current block, i.e., according to the best-effort policy.
We examine the freshness of the received packets at the master node in terms of
age of information (AoI), which is defined as the time elapsed after the
generation of the latest received packet. We derive average uplink AoI and
uplink data rate as functions of downlink data rate in closed form. The
obtained results illustrate the performance limit of the unilaterally powered
two-way data exchanging system in terms of timeliness and efficiency. The
results also specify the achievable tradeoff between the data rates of the
two-way data exchanging system.Comment: INFOCOM 2018 AOI Wkshp, 6 page
Minimizing the Age of Information in Wireless Networks with Stochastic Arrivals
We consider a wireless network with a base station serving multiple traffic
streams to different destinations. Packets from each stream arrive to the base
station according to a stochastic process and are enqueued in a separate (per
stream) queue. The queueing discipline controls which packet within each queue
is available for transmission. The base station decides, at every time t, which
stream to serve to the corresponding destination. The goal of scheduling
decisions is to keep the information at the destinations fresh. Information
freshness is captured by the Age of Information (AoI) metric.
In this paper, we derive a lower bound on the AoI performance achievable by
any given network operating under any queueing discipline. Then, we consider
three common queueing disciplines and develop both an Optimal Stationary
Randomized policy and a Max-Weight policy under each discipline. Our approach
allows us to evaluate the combined impact of the stochastic arrivals, queueing
discipline and scheduling policy on AoI. We evaluate the AoI performance both
analytically and using simulations. Numerical results show that the performance
of the Max-Weight policy is close to the analytical lower bound
The Multi-Source Preemptive M/PH/1/1 Queue with Packet Errors: Exact Distribution of the Age of Information and Its Peak
Age of Information (AoI) and Peak AoI (PAoI) and their analytical models have
recently drawn substantial amount of attention in information theory and
wireless communications disciplines, in the context of qualitative assessment
of information freshness in status update systems. We take a queueing-theoretic
approach and study a probabilistically preemptive bufferless
queueing system with arrivals stemming from separate information sources,
with the aim of modeling a generic status update system. In this model, a new
information packet arrival from source is allowed to preempt a packet from
source in service, with a probability depending on and . To make the
model even more general than the existing ones, for each of the information
sources, we assume a distinct PH-type service time distribution and a distinct
packet error probability. Subsequently, we obtain the exact distributions of
the AoI and PAoI for each of the information sources using matrix-analytical
algorithms and in particular the theory of Markov fluid queues and sample path
arguments. This is in contrast with existing methods that rely on Stochastic
Hybrid Systems (SHS) which obtain only the average values and in less general
settings. Numerical examples are provided to validate the proposed approach as
well as to give engineering insight on the impact of preemption probabilities
on certain AoI and PAoI performance figures.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, 3 table
Age of Information for Actuation Update in Real-Time Wireless Control Systems
In this paper, we introduce a generalized definition of age of information (AoI) for actuation update in real-time wireless control systems. In such a system, a general queueing model, i.e., M/M/1/1 queueing model, is used to describe the actuation update, in which the sampling packets arrive at the remote controller following the Poisson process, the process from the controller to the actuator follows the exponential distribution, and the actuation intends to update at the actuator at the predictive time. Then, the initial time of the AoI for the new actuation update is the predictive time for the latest update, which is significantly different from the traditional calculation in status update. By the relationship between communication time from the controller to the actuator and predictive time, the AoI calculation falls into two cases, where the conventional AoI in status update is a specific case in this paper. Simulation results show the performance of our method
Performance Modelling and Optimisation of Multi-hop Networks
A major challenge in the design of large-scale networks is to predict and optimise the
total time and energy consumption required to deliver a packet from a source node to a
destination node. Examples of such complex networks include wireless ad hoc and sensor
networks which need to deal with the effects of node mobility, routing inaccuracies, higher
packet loss rates, limited or time-varying effective bandwidth, energy constraints, and the
computational limitations of the nodes. They also include more reliable communication
environments, such as wired networks, that are susceptible to random failures, security
threats and malicious behaviours which compromise their quality of service (QoS) guarantees.
In such networks, packets traverse a number of hops that cannot be determined
in advance and encounter non-homogeneous network conditions that have been largely
ignored in the literature. This thesis examines analytical properties of packet travel in
large networks and investigates the implications of some packet coding techniques on both
QoS and resource utilisation.
Specifically, we use a mixed jump and diffusion model to represent packet traversal
through large networks. The model accounts for network non-homogeneity regarding
routing and the loss rate that a packet experiences as it passes successive segments of a
source to destination route. A mixed analytical-numerical method is developed to compute
the average packet travel time and the energy it consumes. The model is able to capture
the effects of increased loss rate in areas remote from the source and destination, variable
rate of advancement towards destination over the route, as well as of defending against
malicious packets within a certain distance from the destination. We then consider sending
multiple coded packets that follow independent paths to the destination node so as to
mitigate the effects of losses and routing inaccuracies. We study a homogeneous medium
and obtain the time-dependent properties of the packet’s travel process, allowing us to
compare the merits and limitations of coding, both in terms of delivery times and energy
efficiency. Finally, we propose models that can assist in the analysis and optimisation
of the performance of inter-flow network coding (NC). We analyse two queueing models
for a router that carries out NC, in addition to its standard packet routing function. The
approach is extended to the study of multiple hops, which leads to an optimisation problem
that characterises the optimal time that packets should be held back in a router, waiting
for coding opportunities to arise, so that the total packet end-to-end delay is minimised
Status Updates in a multi-stream M/G/1/1 preemptive queue
We consider a source that collects a multiplicity of streams of updates and
sends them through a network to a monitor. However, only a single update can be
in the system at a time. Therefore, the transmitter always preempts the packet
being served when a new update is generated. We consider Poisson arrivals for
each stream and a common general service time, and refer to this system as the
multi-stream M/G/1/1 queue with preemption. Using the detour flow graph method,
we compute a closed form expression for the average age and the average peak
age of each stream. Moreover, we deduce that although all streams are treated
equally from a transmission point of view (they all preempt each other), one
can still prioritize a stream from an age point of view by simply increasing
its generation rate. However, this will increase the sum of the ages which is
minimized when all streams have the same update rate
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