15,041 research outputs found

    Blueprint Buffalo Action Plan: Regional Strategies for Reclaiming Vacant Properties in the City and Suburbs of Buffalo

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    Over a period of about nine months, the NVPC team conducted interviews and gathered insights that have resulted in this report. During the study period, Buffalo–Niagara emerged as a region broadly challenged by decades of disinvestment and population loss, but also as a close network of communities singularly blessed with a wealth of historic, transit-friendly, and affordable neighborhoods and commercial areas. Building on the City of Buffalo’s “asset management” strategy first proposed in 2004 by the Cornell Cooperative Extension Association—and now formally adopted by the Buffalo Common Council as part of its comprehensive 20-year plan for the city—the NVPC team sought to reexamine how the revitalization of Buffalo’s vacant properties could actually serve as a catalyst to address the region’s other most pressing problems: population loss, a weak real estate market in the inner city, signs of incipient economic instability in older suburbs, quality-of-life issues, school quality, and suburban sprawl

    A Single-Product Inventory Model for Multiple Demand Classes

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    We consider a single-product inventory system that serves multiple demand classes, which differ in their shortage costs or service level requirements. We assume a critical-level control policy, and show the equivalence between this inventory system and a serial inventory system. Based on this equivalence, we develop a model for cost evaluation and optimization, under the assumptions of Poisson demand, deterministic replenishment lead-time, and a continuous-review (Q, R) policy with rationing. We propose a computationally-efficient heuristic and develop a bound on its performance. We provide a numerical experiment to show the effectiveness of the heuristic and the value from a rationing policy. Finally, we describe how to extend the model to permit service times, and to embed within a multi-echelon setting

    Land Use Change in Indonesia

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    With an estimated loss of up to 20 million ha of forest over the past decade, deforestation in Indonesia has come to the forefront of global environmental concerns. Indonesia is one of the most important areas of tropical forests worldwide. In addition to providing a multitude of benefits locally, including both products and services, these forests are also of global importance because of their biodiversity and the carbon they sequester. Despite the benefits they provide, Indonesia’s forests have been under considerable threat in past decades, and the extent of forest cover has declined considerably. This paper takes advantage of new data on the extent and distribution of forest cover change in Indonesia to examine its causes and effects. The paper begins by summarizing the long-term trends in land use change in Indonesia, and the new data on loss of forest cover during the period 1985-1997. It then discusses why this land use change is likely to be undesirable in many cases. Land use change can at times be beneficial, but there are good reasons to believe that current patterns of land use change in Indonesia are in fact socially sub-optimal. The paper then reviews the incentives faced by the major actors in land use change—loggers, estate crop producers, and smallholders—and the reasons their decisions concerning land use change, while privately optimal, are likely to be socially sub-optimal. It also briefly examines the effect that the East Asian financial crisis has had on these incentives. Particular attention is paid to mangrove forests, because of their important ecological role.Deforestation, Land Use, Biodiversity, Environmental Services, Indonesia

    Efficiency and marginal cost pricing in dynamic competitive markets with friction

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    This paper examines a dynamic general equilibrium model with supply friction. With or without friction, the competitive equilibrium is efficient. Without friction, the market price is completely determined by the marginal production cost. If friction is present, no matter how small, then the market price fluctuates between zero and the "choke-up" price, without any tendency to converge to the marginal production cost, exhibiting considerable volatility. The distribution of the gains from trading in an efficient allocation may be skewed in favor of the supplier, although every player in the market is a price taker.Dynamic general equilibrium model with supply friction, choke-up price, marginal production cost, welfare theorems

    Developing a market-based approach to managing the US strategic petroleum reserve.

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    The Strategic Petroleum Reserve has not been used effectively to manage the consequences of oil shocks in the United States. The main reason is that political decision makers tend to hoard the reserves during crises and bureaucratic processes delay the sale of the reserves. Also, the enabling legislation focused on ameliorating shortages whereas disruptions result in price spikes rather than shortages. We develop a Markov game of the buildup and drawdown of the reserve in which a public player aims to maximize consumer welfare at the same time private holders of inventory maximize their profit. The methodological contribution in this paper is the development of financial options to implement the public player's optimal policy. We use the solution of this game to calculate the number and value of options necessary for the private marketplace to trigger the optimal buildup and drawdown of the reserve

    Transportation Manual

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    Originally published by: Haskins & Sells; Railroads section missing from original volum

    Can Carbon Sinks be Operational? An RFF Workshop Summary

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    An RFF Workshop brought together experts from around the world to assess the feasibility of using biological sinks to sequester carbon as part of a global atmospheric mitigation effort. The chapters of this proceeding are a result of that effort. Although the intent of the workshop was not to generate a consensus, a number of studies suggest that sinks could be a relatively inexpensive and effective carbon management tool. The chapters cover a variety of aspects and topics related to the monitoring and measurement of carbon in biological systems. They tend to support the view the carbon sequestration using biological systems is technically feasible with relatively good precision and at relatively low cost. Thus carbon sinks can be operational.carbon, sinks, global warming, sequestration, forests

    Brokers and dealers in securities, September 1, 2017; Accounting guide

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    https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_indev/2365/thumbnail.jp

    On stock rationing policies for continuous review inventory systems

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    Cataloged from PDF version of article.Rationing is an inventory policy that allows prioritization of different demand classes. In this thesis, we analyze the stock rationing policies for continuous review systems. We clarify some of the ambiguities present in the current literature. Then, we propose a new method for the exact analysis of lot-for-lot inventory systems with backorders under rationing policy. We show that if such an inventory system is sampled at multiples of supply leadtime, the state of the system evolves according to a Markov chain. We provide a recursive procedure to generate the transition probabilities of the embedded Markov chain. It is possible to obtain the steady-state probabilities of interest with desired accuracy by considering a truncated version of the chain. Finally, we propose a dynamic rationing policy, which makes use of the information on the status of the outstanding replenishment orders. We conduct a simulation study to evaluate the performance of the proposed policy.Bulut, ÖnderM.S
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