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Sense and the city: An Emotion Data Framework for smart city governance
In the smart city agenda, data plays a key role in shaping governance and participation around urban planning, and this data is increasingly derived from sensors of all kinds. These sensors increasingly include physiological and sentiment analysis to gauge the emotional states of urban citizens. In urban planning, emotional data has so far been conceptualised as âpeople as sensorsâ where data is used to create an aggregated emotion layer for real-time urban planning. This paper argues this approach does not enable citizens any meaningful participation in urban planning. In contrast, this paper demonstrates what emotion can âdoâ when citizen actively use emotions to participate in the problem framing in smart city governance. The paper offers a framework of smart city participation with emotion data by focusing on the Bio Mapping project, where physiological sensors are used as participatory mapping approach that led to urban planning. This approach enabled citizens to engage in a dialogue around their emotional response to urban space and articulate the potential for emotion data in urban governance. There needs to be a consideration of 1) multi-dimensional emotion data, 2) an active participant role, 3) extended participation within the planning process 4), and empowerment within urban governance. The paper argues that a participatory approach to emotion data can function as a dynamic leverage point of negotiation in smart city governance between citizens, urban space, and civic agencies
Big data analytics:Computational intelligence techniques and application areas
Big Data has significant impact in developing functional smart cities and supporting modern societies. In this paper, we investigate the importance of Big Data in modern life and economy, and discuss challenges arising from Big Data utilization. Different computational intelligence techniques have been considered as tools for Big Data analytics. We also explore the powerful combination of Big Data and Computational Intelligence (CI) and identify a number of areas, where novel applications in real world smart city problems can be developed by utilizing these powerful tools and techniques. We present a case study for intelligent transportation in the context of a smart city, and a novel data modelling methodology based on a biologically inspired universal generative modelling approach called Hierarchical Spatial-Temporal State Machine (HSTSM). We further discuss various implications of policy, protection, valuation and commercialization related to Big Data, its applications and deployment
Spatio-Temporal Sentiment Hotspot Detection Using Geotagged Photos
We perform spatio-temporal analysis of public sentiment using geotagged photo
collections. We develop a deep learning-based classifier that predicts the
emotion conveyed by an image. This allows us to associate sentiment with place.
We perform spatial hotspot detection and show that different emotions have
distinct spatial distributions that match expectations. We also perform
temporal analysis using the capture time of the photos. Our spatio-temporal
hotspot detection correctly identifies emerging concentrations of specific
emotions and year-by-year analyses of select locations show there are strong
temporal correlations between the predicted emotions and known events.Comment: To appear in ACM SIGSPATIAL 201
Using Ambient Geographic Information (AGI) in Order to Understand Emotion & Stress within Smart Cities
Oliveira, T. H., & Painho, M. (2015). Using Ambient Geographic Information (AGI) in Order to Understand Emotion & Stress within Smart Cities. In F. Bação, M. Y. Santos, & M. Painho (Eds.), AGILE 2015 : 18th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science: Geographic Information Science as an Enabler of Smarter Cities and Communities AGILE.Since one of the main ambitions of a smart city is to improve urban functions and provided services, it is often perceived as a living urban fabric, in which connected urban citizens, acting as active sensors, have the capacity to contribute even more efficiently to the spatial intelligence of cities. This âimmaterialâ dimension is related with the need that smart cities have to assess their citizenâs feelings, perception and well-being, giving rise to an emotion-aware city. Mapping emotion builds on a tradition of studies in cognitive mapping, evaluative mapping, environmental preference and environmental affect, adding an approach in which people experience, evaluate and describe their environment âin situâ through social media. This paper aims to present an Ambient Geographic Information (AGI) approach to assemble geo-tagged data from Twitter, Flickr, Instagram and Facebook related with peopleâs perception and feelings regarding Lisbon (Portugal), and therefore characterize its emotional dimension, by comparing these subjective observations with objective measurements (such as socio-demographic statistics, questionnaires and data retrieved from biometric sensors). With this vision of a smart city, that is capable to interpret and harnessing the emotional states of its citizens, it is essential to find new methods and techniques to sensing affect in an urban context.publishersversionpublishe
Integration of Emotional Behavioural Layer âEmoBeLâ in City Planning
The link between the built environment as a geometrical dimension with the human behaviour and emotional aspects in recent planning research field has got a growing interest in the field of city planning. The emotional dimension in particular has become an essential part in city planning field where the emotional relation and the degree of emotional response are structuring spaces followed by behaviours and can therefore be relevant for human interactive in urban spaces. The theoretical, empirical, and practical work in this field has generally aimed to enhance the quality of life through the creation of new layers for our cities considering these behaioural and emotional aspects.
This paper is an analytical part of a research work on the micro level of city planning focusing on the growing importance of computing and mobile technologies. It creates a linkage between cities, people and technologies through integrating quantitative limits and qualitative criteria. It investigates a new layer presenting the citizensâ behaviours and emotions "EmoBeL", which could be added to the geometrical layer and create a city analysis to improve decision making process as well as physical planning in our cities, which is the main goal of planners, developers and even politicians
Evaluating smart city learning
Measurement and analysis of individually interpreted learning experiences can
build a knowledge picture of how learners perceive immersive technology-mediated
learning in smart cities. Comparison of these learning experiences, with theoretical factors
derived from relevant literature, may then shed light on the usefulness of theory in practical
learning design and approaches to the evaluation of immersive learning environments
analysed from a theoretical basis. In turn, this may contribute to current approaches of
urban smart city environment planning for citizen engaged âhuman smart citiesâ [14].
Mobile learning location-based prototypes will be developed with subject experts and
implemented in open (urban) spaces located at Upper Barrakka Gardens, Valletta for history
and Argotti Gardens, Floriana for botany. This paper discusses potential methodologies for
designing a measurement of the effectiveness of these learning experiences and associated
learning design for immersive urban learning environments mediated by mobile and
networked technologies.
Acknowledging the hybrid nature [9] of smart city learning, interactions between digital
tools, content and community, measuring both intra- and inter-learner experiences is
anticipated. Identifying and quantifying these dimensions of interactions will help us understand
more about how urban smart learning activities create immersive experiences
for each learner, engaging them in a variety of internal cognitive and social processes. To
clarify mutual interaction between theoretical and empirical factors, a system of theoretical
factors of significance is proposed to be developed, and then correlated, with learning
experience analysis factors.
A brief review of hybrid learning environment research, including ubiquitous learning [4]
manifested in hybrid [9], mobile [8] and smart city [2] environments, provides context for
how analytical methodology might be applied to an interactive learning system in smart
cities. Phenomenographic techniques of variation and outcome space are investigated,
together with the Dialogic Space concept [30] of conversation interaction for analysing
dialogues.Funded by the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme of the European Union.peer-reviewe
Urban Emotions â Tools of Integrating Peopleâs Perception into Urban Planning
This paper introduces the research field âUrban Emotionsâ â an interdisciplinary approach combining not only spatial planning and (geo-) informatics, but also computer linguistics and sensor technology methods. A new set of methods will be formed for the area of urban and spatial planning, resulting in a fundamental change of the understanding of planning. One of the main objectives is the involvement of citizens into planning processes. Therefore, new techniques are developed to collect and analyse data on the emotional perception of space and provide it to the people and also planners. Not only the human perception in the context of the city, and the combination with human sensory processes are contents of this paper, but also the critical discussion of these effects to privacy issues. Based on the topics âmental mapsâ and psychogeography in combination with the field of digital emotional urban tagging, the potential of integrating objectively quantified emotions in the context of citizen participation will be explained. In the following, partly established and partly experimental methods for collecting and analysing âUrban Emotionsâ will be introduced. Based on two studies, the possibilities of transfering these methodsinto the planning praxis will be shown on the one hand and on the other hand the potential for further development for other disciplines will be more evident
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