10,070 research outputs found
Circle Graph Obstructions
In this thesis we present a self-contained proof of Bouchet’s characterization of the class of circle graphs. The proof uses signed graphs and is analogous to Gerards’ graphic proof of Tutte’s excluded-minor characterization of the class of graphic matroids
Obstructions to within a few vertices or edges of acyclic
Finite obstruction sets for lower ideals in the minor order are guaranteed to
exist by the Graph Minor Theorem. It has been known for several years that, in
principle, obstruction sets can be mechanically computed for most natural lower
ideals. In this paper, we describe a general-purpose method for finding
obstructions by using a bounded treewidth (or pathwidth) search. We illustrate
this approach by characterizing certain families of cycle-cover graphs based on
the two well-known problems: -{\sc Feedback Vertex Set} and -{\sc
Feedback Edge Set}. Our search is based on a number of algorithmic strategies
by which large constants can be mitigated, including a randomized strategy for
obtaining proofs of minimality.Comment: 16 page
Minimal Obstructions for Partial Representations of Interval Graphs
Interval graphs are intersection graphs of closed intervals. A generalization
of recognition called partial representation extension was introduced recently.
The input gives an interval graph with a partial representation specifying some
pre-drawn intervals. We ask whether the remaining intervals can be added to
create an extending representation. Two linear-time algorithms are known for
solving this problem.
In this paper, we characterize the minimal obstructions which make partial
representations non-extendible. This generalizes Lekkerkerker and Boland's
characterization of the minimal forbidden induced subgraphs of interval graphs.
Each minimal obstruction consists of a forbidden induced subgraph together with
at most four pre-drawn intervals. A Helly-type result follows: A partial
representation is extendible if and only if every quadruple of pre-drawn
intervals is extendible by itself. Our characterization leads to a linear-time
certifying algorithm for partial representation extension
Obstructions to nonpositive curvature for open manifolds
We study algebraic conditions on a group G under which every properly
discontinuous, isometric G-action on a Hadamard manifold has a G-invariant
Busemann function. For such G we prove the following structure theorem: every
open complete nonpositively curved Riemannian K(G,1) manifold that is homotopy
equivalent to a finite complex of codimension >2 is an open regular
neighborhood of a subcomplex of the same codimension. In this setting we show
that each tangential homotopy type contains infinitely many open K(G,1)
manifolds that admit no complete nonpositively curved metric even though their
universal cover is the Euclidean space. A sample application is that an open
contractible manifold W is homeomorphic to a Euclidean space if and only if the
product of W and a circle admits a complete Riemannian metric of nonpositive
curvature.Comment: 29 page
Connecting orbits for families of Tonelli Hamiltonians
We investigate the existence of Arnold diffusion-type orbits for systems
obtained by iterating in any order the time-one maps of a family of Tonelli
Hamiltonians. Such systems are known as 'polysystems' or 'iterated function
systems'. When specialized to families of twist maps on the cylinder, our
results are similar to those obtained by Moeckel [20] and Le Calvez [15]. Our
approach is based on weak KAM theory and is close to the one used by Bernard in
[3] to study the case of a single Tonelli Hamiltonian.Comment: 44 pages, submitte
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