System Level Design Considerations for HSUPA User Equipment

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 200

IST-2000-30148 I-METRA: D4 Performance evaluation

This document considers the performance of multiantenna transmit/receive techniques in high-speed downlink and uplink packet access. The evaluation is done using both link and system level simulations by taking into account link adaptation and packet retransmissions. The document is based on the initial studies carried out in deliverables D3.1 and D3.2.Preprin

The new enhancement of UMTS: HSDPA and HSUPA

During the last two decades, the world of the mobile communications grew a lot, as a consequence of the increasing necessity of people to communicate. Now, the mobile communications still need to improve for satisfies the user demands. The new enhancement of UMTS in concrete HSDPA and HSUPA is one of these improvements that the society needs. HSDPA and HSUPA which together are called HSPA, give to the users higher data rates in downlink and uplink. The higher data rates permit to the operators give more different types of services and at the same time with better quality. As a result, people can do several new applications with their mobile terminals like applications that before a computer and internet connection were required, now it is possible to do directly with the mobile terminal. This thesis consists in study these new technologies denominated HSDPA and HSUPA and thus know better the last tendencies in the mobile communications. Also it has a roughly idea about the future tendencies

Comparison of Picocell and DAS Configuration with HSPA Evolution

As demand of mobile data services has grown exponentially, it has increased pressure on mobile operators to enhance capacity in dense urban areas. Usage of internet and services related to mobile network has grown up. UMTS specification has been updated in order to cope with an increased amount of mobile data traffic. These upgrades and releases are based on international standards. HSDPA and HSUPA technologies are previous upgrades of UMTS network but now HSPA Evolution (HSPA+) is the upgraded version for UMTS. HSPA+ improves performance of mobile data transmission in downlink direction. Previously UMTS enabled user data of 384 kbps that was upgraded to 14.4 Mbps in downlink and 5.76 Mbps in uplink data rate by HSPA. But still the demand of data rate is increasing so HSPA+ upgraded UMTS to 21.1 Mbps in downlink and 5.76 Mbps in uplink. Due to these improvements in data rates, HSPA+ has become one of the striking choices for mobile operators. It has been forecasted that amount of data users will increase in future and this will set new challenges for mobile operators. The network is planned in such a way that more capacity is provided to places where more users are present. Most of the network traffic in dense urban area is generated by indoor users. Indoor planning is mostly done with multiple picocells or DAS configuration. The main differences between these two configurations are interference, total capacity, cost of the equipment and implementation. In this Master’s thesis, the main focus is to compare picocells and DAS configuration for HSPA+ by simulations and measurements. Several mobile terminals were used to generate low and high loads for HSPA+ network. These comparisons were made by analyzing the results for signal to interference ratio, total network throughput and several other indicators. The results showed that DAS outperforms picocells in low/high load conditions in terms of SIR, cell throughput and modulation technique. DAS is good choice for medium sized building due to handover free regions and smooth coverage. /Kir1

Indoor Radio Measurement and Planning for UMTS/HSPDA with Antennas

Over the last decade, mobile communication networks have evolved tremendously with a key focus on providing high speed data services in addition to voice. The third generation of mobile networks in the form of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is already offering revolutionary mobile broadband experience to its users by deploying High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) as its packet-data technology. With data speeds up to 14.4 Mbps and ubiquitous mobility, HSDPA is anticipated to become a preferred broadband access medium for end-users via mobile phones, laptops etc. While majority of these end-users are located indoors most of the time, approximately 70-80% of the HSDPA traffic is estimated to originate from inside buildings. Thus for network operators, indoor coverage has become a necessity for technical and business reasons. Macro-cellular (outdoor) to indoor coverage is a natural inexpensive way of providing network coverage inside the buildings. However, it does not guarantee sufficient link quality required for optimal HSDPA operation. On the contrary, deploying a dedicated indoor system may be far too expensive from an operator\u27s point of view. In this thesis, the concept is laid for the understanding of indoor radio wave propagation in a campus building environment which could be used to plan and improve outdoor-to-indoor UMTS/HSDPA radio propagation performance. It will be shown that indoor range performance depends not only on the transmit power of an indoor antenna, but also on the product\u27s response to multipath and obstructions in the environment along the radio propagation path. An extensive measurement campaign will be executed in different indoor environments analogous to easy, medium and hard radio conditions. The effects of walls, ceilings, doors and other obstacles on measurement results would be observed. Chapter one gives a brief introduction to the evolution of UMTS and HSDPA. It goes on to talk about radio wave propagation and some important properties of antennas which must be considered when choosing an antenna for indoor radio propagation. The challenges of in-building network coverage and also the objectives of this thesis are also mentioned in this chapter. The evolution and standardization, network architecture, radio features and most importantly, the radio resource management features of UMTS/HSDPA are given in chapter two. In this chapter, the reason why Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) was specified and selected for 3G (UMTS) systems would be seen. The architecture of the radio access network, interfaces with the radio access network between base stations and radio network controllers (RNC), and the interface between the radio access network and the core network are also described in this chapter. The main features of HSDPA are mentioned at the end of the chapter. In chapter three the principles of the WCDMA air interface, including spreading, Rake reception, signal fading, power control and handovers are introduced. The different types and characteristics of the propagation environments and how they influence radio wave propagation are mentioned. UMTS transport, logical and physical channels are also mentioned, highlighting their significance and relationship in and with the network. Radio network planning for UMTS is discussed in chapter four. The outdoor planning process which includes dimensioning, detailed planning, optimization and monitoring is outlined. Indoor radio planning with distributed antenna systems (DAS), which is the idea and motivation behind this thesis work, is also discussed. The various antennas considered and the antenna that was selected for this thesis experiment was discussed in chapter five. The antenna radiation pattern, directivity, gain and input impedance were the properties of the antenna that were taken into consideration. The importance of the choice of the antenna for any particular type of indoor environment is also mentioned. In chapter six, the design and fabrication of the monopole antennas used for the experimental measurement is mentioned. The procedure for measurement and the equipment used are also discussed. The results gotten from the experiment are finally analyzed and discussed. In this chapter the effect of walls, floors, doors, ceilings and other obstacles on radio wave propagation will be seen. Finally, chapter seven concludes this thesis work and gives some directions for future work

IST-2000-30148 I-METRA: D3.1 Design, analysis and selection of suitable algorithms

This deliverable contains a description of the space-time coding algorithms to be simulated within the I-METRA project. Different families of algorithms have been selected and described in this document with the objective of evaluating their performance. One of the main objectives of the I-METRA project is to impact into the current standardisation efforts related to the introduction of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) configurations into the High Speed Downlink and Uplink Packet Access concepts of UMTS (HSDPA and HSUPA). This required a review of the current specifications for these systems and the analysis of the impact of the potential incorporation of the selected MIMO schemes.Preprin

IST-2000-30148 I-METRA: D3.2 Implementation of relevant algorithms

This deliverable provides a high level description of the software developed within the I-METRA project following the selection reported in D3.1 "Design, Analysis and Selection of Suitable Algorithms".Preprin

Macro Diversity Combining Optimization in HSPA flat architecture

This thesis, Macro Diversity Combining Optimization in High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) flat architecture, concentrates on analyzing implementation alternatives of Marco Diversity Combining (MDC) in fiat architecture. When centralized elements, like Radio Network Controller (RNC), are removed from the architecture, centralized functionalities need to be implemented differently. One of the most important centralized functionality is Macro Diversity Combining which collects traffic from multiple base stations and improves radio performance like bit rate and coverage area. When this functionality is implemented inside base station traffic needs to be sent between base stations. Traffic between base stations creates new requirements for transport network and potentially also increases operator transport cost. In short, if MDC is fully implemented, traffic between base stations is maximized and opposite, if MDC is left out, radio performance is reduced. The thesis starts with the overview introduction of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) network. Here we discuss the architecture of the UMTS packets switched network, and the main functionalities of the Radio Resource Management (RRM): power control and handover control. A deeper look is taken into evolution of 3GPP packet access namely High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Data Access (HSUPA) plus the relevant HSDPA cell change and HSUPA handovers are covered. A short glance is also taken into the gains introduced by MDC. In this thesis four proposals presented in 3GPP to improve the MDC with regards to utilization of transport network, implementation complexity, radio performance, latency and amount of additions to existing 3GPP specifications are evaluated. Finally, an implementation alternative for MDC optimization in flat architecture is presented based on the proposals in 3GPP

Effect of multiple simultaneous HSDPA users on HSDPA end-user performance for non-real time services in one cell system

HSDPA networks are currently being deployed; however, there is little knowledge about how these networks perform and behave, and which will the Quality of Service and Quality of Experience that users will achieve due to the fact that UEs share the downlink channel. Furthermore, HSDPA planning and dimensioning is being done through the traditional mechanisms to plan and dimension UMTS networks. These mechanisms do not provide, though, accurate results for HSDPA. This thesis will focus on doing progress in these two areas. A HSDPA simulator was built to find some answers. This simulator used a simplistic model to simulate the radio environment and HSDPA features at Node B. Besides, the simulator dynamically created web browsing traffic according to the traffic patterns specified by the 3GPP. Three main simulations were performed. First, the maximum number of HSDPA users that a HSDPA network can support was obtained for different mean cell throughputs. Results also showed that the relationship between the mean cell throughput and the maximum number of users is linear. Second, the effect of the amount of UEs in a HSDPA network was studied. Results showed how the network and end-user performance changed when the number of UEs differed from the maximum number of UEs. Simulations demonstrated that network and end-user performance decreases rapidly and significantly when the maximum number of UEs was exceeded. Finally, the mean session inter-arrival time was modified to observe how this traffic parameter affected the network and the end-user performance. Furthermore, different sets of number of UEs were used to find out any correlation between the number of UEs and the mean session inter-arrival time. Results showed how the mean session inter-arrival time was much more relevant for the network and end-user performance when the maximum number of UEs had been exceeded. Results will give a glimpse of how HSDPA can perform in real networks. Besides, this simulator can help operators and providers to plan and dimension HSDPA networks more accurately

Optimization and Performance Analysis of High Speed Mobile Access Networks

The end-to-end performance evaluation of high speed broadband mobile access networks is the main focus of this work. Novel transport network adaptive flow control and enhanced congestion control algorithms are proposed, implemented, tested and validated using a comprehensive High speed packet Access (HSPA) system simulator. The simulation analysis confirms that the aforementioned algorithms are able to provide reliable and guaranteed services for both network operators and end users cost-effectively. Further, two novel analytical models one for congestion control and the other for the combined flow control and congestion control which are based on Markov chains are designed and developed to perform the aforementioned analysis efficiently compared to time consuming detailed system simulations. In addition, the effects of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) transport network (S1and X2 interfaces) on the end user performance are investigated and analysed by introducing a novel comprehensive MAC scheduling scheme and a novel transport service differentiation model