Numerical Simulation

Nowadays mathematical modeling and numerical simulations play an important role in life and natural science. Numerous researchers are working in developing different methods and techniques to help understand the behavior of very complex systems, from the brain activity with real importance in medicine to the turbulent flows with important applications in physics and engineering. This book presents an overview of some models, methods, and numerical computations that are useful for the applied research scientists and mathematicians, fluid tech engineers, and postgraduate students

Experimental and computational biomedicine : Russian Conference with International Participation in memory of Professor Vladimir S. Markhasin : abstract book

Toward 100 Anniversary of I. P. Pavlov's Physiological Society.The volume contains the presentations that were made during Russian conference with international participation "Experimental and Computational Biomedicine" dedicated to corresponding member of RAS V.S. Markhasin (Ekaterinburg, April 10‒12, 2016). The main purpose of the conference is the discussion of the current state of experimental and theoretical research in biomedicine. For a wide range of scientists, as well as for lecturers, students of the biological and medical high schools.Сборник содержит тезисы докладов, представленных на российской конференции с международным участием «Экспериментальная и компьютерная биомедицина», посвященной памяти члена‐корреспондента РАН В. С. Мархасина (г. Екатеринбург, 10‒12 апреля 2016 г.). Основной целью конференции является обсуждение современного состояния экспериментальных и теоретических исследований в области биомедицины. Сборник предназначен для ученых, преподавателей, студентов и аспирантов биологического и медицинского профиля.МАРХАСИН ВЛАДИМИР СЕМЕНОВИЧ (1941-2015)/ MARKHASIN VLADIMIR SEMENOVICH (1941-2015). [3] PROGRAMM COMMITTEE. [5] ORGANIZING COMMITTEE. [6] KEYNOTE SPEAKERS. [7] CONTENTS. [9] PLENARY LECTURES. [10] Fedotov S. Non-Markovian random walks and anomalous transport in biology. [10] Hoekstra A. Multiscale modelling in vascular disease. [10] Kohl P. Systems biology of the heart: why bother? [10] Meyerhans A. On the regulation of virus infection fates. [11] Panfilov A.V., Dierckx H., Kazbanov I., Vandersickel N. Systems approach to studying mechanisms of ventricular fibrillationusing anatomically accurate modeling. [11] Revishvili A.S. Atrial fibrillation. Noninvasive diagnostic and treatment:from fundamental studies to clinical practice. [12] Rice J. Life sciences research at IBM. [12] Roshchevskaya I.M., Smirnova S., Roshchevsky M.P. Regularities of the depolarization of an atria:an experimental comparative-physiological study. [12] Rusinov V.L., Chupahin O.N., Charushin V.N Scientific basis for development of antiviral drugs. [13] Solovyova O.E. Tribute Lecture. Mechano-electric heterogeneity of the myocardiumas a paradigm of its function. [13] Veksler V. Myocardial energy starvation in chronic heart failure:perspectives for metabolic therapy. [13] Wladimiroff J.W. Fetal cardiac assessment using new methodsof ultrasound examination. [14] Yushkov B.G., Chereshnev V.A. The important questions of regeneration theory. [14] EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS IN CARDIOVASCULARPHYSIOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGY. [15] EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS IN CARDIOVASCULARPHYSIOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGY. [15] Arteyeva N. T-wave area along with Tpeak-Tend interval is the most accurateindex of the dispersion of repolarization. [15] Borodin N., Iaparov B.Y., Moskvin A. Mathematical modeling of the calmodulin effect on the RyR2 gating. [15] Dokuchaev A., Katsnelson L.B., Sulman T.B., Shikhaleva E.V., Vikulova N.A. Contribution of cooperativity to the mechano-calcium feedbacksin myocardium. Experimental discrepancy and mathematicalapproach to overcome it. [16] Elman K.A., Filatova D.Y., Bashkatova Y.V., Beloschenko D.V. The stochastic and chaotic estimation of parametersof cardiorespiratory system of students of Ugra. [16] Erkudov V.O., Pugovkin A.P., Verlov N.A., Sergeev I.V., Ievkov S.A., Mashood S., Bagrina J.V. Characteristics of the accuracy of calculation of values of systemic blood pressure using transfer functions in experimental blood loss and its compensation. [16] Ermolaev P., Khramykh T.Mechanisms of cardiodepression after 80% liver resection in rats. [17] Filatova O.E., Rusak S.N., Maystrenko E.V., Dobrynina I.Y. Aging dynamics of cardio-vascular parameters аboriginal systemand alien population of the Russian North. [17] Frolova S., Agladze K.I., Tsvelaya V., Gaiko O. Photocontrol of voltage-gated ion channel activity by azobenzenetrimethylammonium bromide in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. [18] Gorbunov V.S., Agladze K.I., Erofeev I.S. The application of C-TAB for excitation propagation photocontrolin cardiac tissue. [18] Iribe G. Localization of TRPC3 channels estimated by in-silicoand cellular functional experiments. [19] Kachalov V.N., Tsvelaya V., Agladze K.I. Conditions of the spiral wave unpinning from the heterogeneitywith different boundary conditions in a model of cardiac tissue. [19] Kalita I., Nizamieva A.A., Tsvelaya V., Kudryashova N., Agladze K.I. The influence of anisotropy on excitation wave propagationin neonatal rat cardiomyocytes monolayer. [19] Kamalova Y. The designing of vectorcardiograph prototype. [20] Kapelko V., Shirinsky V.P., Lakomkin V., Lukoshkova E., Gramovich V.,Vyborov O., Abramov A., Undrovinas N., Ermishkin V. Models of chronic heart failure with acute and gradual onset. [20] Khassanov I., Lomidze N.N., Revishvili A.S. Remote Patient Monitoring and Integration of Medical Data. [20] Kislukhin V. Markov chain for an indicator passing throughoutcardio-vascular system (CVS). [21] Konovalov P.V., Pravdin S., Solovyova O.E., Panfilov A.V. Influence of myocardial heterogeneity on scroll wave dynamicsin an axisymmetrical anatomical model of the left ventricle of thehuman heart. [21] Koshelev A., Pravdin S., Ushenin K.S., Bazhutina A.E. An improved analytical model of the cardiac left ventricle. [22] Lookin O., Protsenko Y.L. Sex-related effects of stretch on isometric twitch and Ca2+ transientin healthy and failing right ventricular myocardiumof adult and impuberal rats. [22] Moskvin A. Electron-conformational model of the ligand-activated ion channels. [22] Nezlobinsky T., Pravdin S., Katsnelson L.B. In silico comparison of the electrical propagation wave alongmyocardium fibers in the left ventricle wall vs. isolation. [23] Nigmatullina R.R., Zemskova S.N., Bilalova D.F., Mustafin A.A., Kuzmina O.I., Chibireva M.D., Nedorezova R.S. Valid method for estimation of pulmonary hypertention degreein children. [23] Parfenov A. Mathematical modeling of the cardiovascular systemunder the influence of environmental factors. [24] Pimenov V.G., Hendy A. Adaptivity of the alternating direction method for fractional reactiondiffusion equation with delay effects in electrocardiology. [24] Podgurskaya A.D., Krasheninnikova A., Tsvelaya V., Kudryashova N., Agladze K.I. Influence of alcohols on excitation wave propagationin neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte monolayer. [24] Pravdin S. A mathematical model of the cardiac left ventricle anatomy and morphology. [24] Seemann G. Cause and effects of cardiac heterogeneity:insights from experimental and computational models. [25] Seryapina A.A., Shevelev O.B. Basic metabolomic patterns in early hypertensive rats: MRI study. [25] Shestakov A.P., Vasserman I.N., Shardakov I.N. Modeling of cardiac arrhythmia generation caused bypathological distribution of myocardial conductivity. [26] Shutko A.V., Gorbunov V.S., Nizamieva A.A., Guriya K.G., Agladze K.I. Contractile micro-constructs from cardiac tissue culturefor the research of autowave propagation in excitable systems. [26] Simakov S., Gamilov T., Kopylov Ph. Computational study of the haemodynamic significanceof the stenosis during multivessel coronary disease. [27] Syomin F., Zberiya M.V. A numerical simulation of changes in the performance of the leftventricle of the heart under various hemodynamic conditions. [27] Tsaturyan A. A simple model of cardiac muscle:mechanics, actin-myosin interaction and Ca-activation. [27] Tsvelaya V., Krasheninnikova A., Kudryashova N., Agladze K.I. Calcium-current dominated upstroke in severe hyperkalemia. [28] Ushenin K.S., Pravdin S., Chumarnaya T.V., Alueva Y.S., Solovyova O.E. Dynamics of scroll wave filaments in personalized modelsof the left ventricle of the human heart. [28] Vasserman I.N., Shardakov I.N., Shestakov A.P. Deriving of macroscopic intracellular conductivity of deformedmyocardium based on its microstructure. [28] Vassilevski Y.V., Pryamonosov R., Gamilov T. Personalized 3D models and applications. [29] Zun P.S., Hoekstra A., Anikina T.S. First results of fully coupled 3D models of in-stent restenosis. [29] BIOMECHANICS. EXPERIMENTAL AND MATHEMATICAL MODELSSBIOMECHANICS. EXPERIMENTAL AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS. EXPERIMENTAL AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS. [30] Balakin A., Kuznetsov D., Protsenko Y.L. The ‘length-tension’ loop in isolated myocardial preparations of theright ventricle of normal and hypertrophied hearts of male rats. [30] Belousova M.D., Kruchinina A.P., Chertopolokhov V.A. Automatic control model of the three-tier arm type manipulatorin the aimed-movement task. [30] Berestin D.K., Bazhenova A.E., Chernikov N.A., Vokhmina Y.V. Mathematical modeling of dynamics of development of Parkinson'sdisease on the tremor parameters. [31] Dubinin A.L., Nyashin Y.I., Osipenko M.A. Development of the biomechanical approach to tooth movementunder the orthodontic treatment. [31] Galochkina T., Volpert V. Reaction-diffusion waves in mathematical model of bloodcoagulation. [31] Golov A.V., Simakov S., Timme E.A. Mathematical modeling of alveolar ventilationand gas exchange during treadmill stress tests. [32] Gurev V., Rice J. Strain prediction in 3D finite element models of cardiac mechanics. [32] Kamaltdinov M.R. Simulation of digestion processes in antroduodenum:food particles dissolution in consideration of functional disorders. [33] Khamzin S., Kursanov A., Solovyova O.E. Load-dependence of the electromechanical function of myocardiumin a 1D tissue model. [33] Khokhlova A., Iribe G., Solovyova O.E Transmural gradient in mechanical properties of isolatedsubendocardial and subepicardial cardiomyocytes. [33] Kruchinin P.A. Optimal control problem and indexesof stabilometric "test with the visual step input". [34] Kruchinina A.P., Yakushev A.G. A study of the edge segments of saccadic eye trajectory. [34] Kursanov A., Khamzin S., Solovyova O.E. Load-dependence of intramyocardial slow force responsein heterogeneous myocardium. [35] Lisin R.V., Balakin A., Protsenko Y.L. Experimental study of the intramyocardial slow force response. [35] Melnikova N.B., Hoekstra A. The mechanics of a discrete multi-cellular model of arterial in‐stent restenosis. [35] Murashova D.S., Murashov S.A., Bogdan O.P., Muravieva O.V., Yugova S.O. Modelling of soft tissue deformation for static elastometry. [36] Nikitin V.N., Tverier V.M., Krotkikh A.A. Occlusion correction based on biomechanical modelling. [36] Nyashin Y.I., Lokhov V.A. Development of the “Virtual physiological human” concept. [37] Shulyatev A.F., Akulich Y.V., Akulich A.Y., Denisov A.S. 3D FEA simulation of the proximal human femur. [37] Smoluk A.T., Smoluk L.T., Balakin A., Protsenko Y.L., Lisin R.V. Modelling viscoelastic hysteresis of passive myocardial sample. [37] Svirepov P.I. Mathematical modeling of the left atria mechanical actionwith mitral regurgitation. [38] Svitenkov A., Rekin O., Hoekstra A. Accuracy of 1D blood flow simulations in relation to level of detailof the arterial tree model. [38] Tsinker M. Mathematical modelling of airflow in human respiratory tract. [39] Wilde M.V. Influence of artificial initial and boundary conditionsin biomechanical models of blood vessels. [39] ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY. EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS. CLINICAL STUDIES. [40] Agladze K.I., Agladze N.N. Arrhythmia modelling in tissue culture. [40] Golovko V., Gonotkov M.A. Pharmacological analysis of transmembrane action potential'smorphology of myoepitelial cells in the spontaneously beating heartof ascidia Styela rustica. [40] Gonotkov M.A., Golovko V. The crucial role of the rapidly activating component of outwarddelayed rectifier K-current (IKr) in pig sinoauricular node (SAN). [40] Danilov A.A. Numerical methods for electrocardiography modelling. [41] Kolomeyets N.L., Roshchevskaya I.M. The electrical resistivity of a segment of the tail, lungs, liver,intercostal muscles of grass snakes during cooling. [41] Kharkovskaia E., Zhidkova N., Mukhina I.V., Osipov G.V. Role of TRPC1 channels in the propagation of electrical excitationin the isolated rat heart. [42] Lubimceva T.A., Lebedeva V.K., Trukshina M.A., Lyasnikova E.A., Lebedev D.S. Ventricular lead position and mechanical dyssynchronyin response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. [42] Poskina T.Y., Shakirova L.S., Klyus L.G., Eskov V.V. Stochastics and chaotic analysis of electromyogramand electroencefalogramm. [42] Prosheva V.I. New insights into the pacemaker and conduction systemcells organization in the adult avian heart. [43] Suslonova O., Smirnova S., Roshchevskaya I.M. Cardioelectric field in rats with experimental pulmonaryhypertension during ventricular depolarization. [43] Syunyaev R.A., Karpaev A.A., Aliev R.R. Simulation of the fibroblasts effect on synchronizationand rhythmogenesis in the sinoatrial node. [44] Zorin N.M., Ryvkin A.М., Moskvin A. Cooperation of membrane and calcium oscillatorsin sinoatrial node cells. [44] EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS IN IMMUNOLOGY. [45] Bocharov G. Systems approach to modelling the "virus-host organism" interactionin infectious diseases. [45] Brilliant S.A. Impact of immobilization stress on change of protein fractionshemoglobin of bone marrow in rats. [45] Bykova M. The features of biochemical properties of extracellular matrix of bonemarrow in rats in conditions which stimulate granulocytopoiesis. [45] Chigvintsev V.M. A mathematical model of the functioning and mutual regulation ofthe immune and neuroendocrine systems in response to viralexposure under the impact of environmental factors, taking intoaccount the evolution of synthetic function impairment. [46] Khramtsova Y. The role of mast cells in the regulation of repair testicles. [46] Novikov M.Y., Kim A.V. Simulation of immune processes using Bio-Medical Software Package. [47] Polevshchikov A.V., Bondar A.V., Gumovskaya J.P. Modelling of t cell extravasation into a lymph node:from morphological basics towards clonal selection theory. [47] Tuzankina I.A., Sarkisyan N., Bolkov M., Tihomirov L.B., Bass E.A. Oral and maxillofacial manifestationsof primary immunodeficiency syndroms. [47] Zaitsev S.V., Polevshchikov A.V. Evaluation of probabilities of antigen recognition by T-lymphocytesin the lymph node: a mathematical model. [48] MOLECULAR BASIS OF BIOLOGICAL MOTILITY. [49] Bershitsky S.Y., Nabiev S., Kopylova G., Shchepkin D., Matyushenko A.M., Koubassova N.A., Levitsky D.I., Tsaturyan A. Mutations in the central part of tropomyosin molecule affectthe actomyosin interaction. [49] Borovkov D.I., Kopylova G., Shchepkin D., Nabiev S., Matyushenko A.M., Levitsky D.I. Functional studies of tropomyosin mutations associatedwith dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. [49] Fatkhrakhmanova M.R., Mukhutdinova K.A., Kasimov M.R., Petrov A.M. The role of glutamate NMDA-receptor-NO synthase axis in the effectof 24-hydroxycholesterolon synaptic vesicle exocytosis at the mouseneuromuscular junctions. [50] Gritsyna Y., Vikhlyantsev I.M., Salmov N., Bobylev A.G., Podlubnaya Z.A. Increasing μ-calpain activity in striated muscles of alcohol-fed rats. [50] Kochubey P.V., Bershitsky S.Y. Study of biphasic tension rise in contracting muscle fiberduring ramp stretch. [51] Kopylova G., Shchepkin D., Nabiev S., Nikitina L., Bershitsky S.Y. The Ca2+ regulation of actin-myosin interactionin atrium and ventricle. [51] Nabiev S., Bershitsky S.Y., Tsaturyan A. Measurements of the bending stiffnessof reconstructed thin filament with the optical trap. [51] Shchepkin D., Kopylova G., Matyushenko A.M., Popruga K.E., Pivovarova A.V., Levitsky D.I. Structural and functional studies of tropomyosin species withcardiomyopathic mutations in the areaof tropomyosin-troponin contact. [52] Shenkman B., Nemirovskaya T.L., Lomonosova Y.N., Lyubimova K.A., Ptitsyn K.G. Nitric oxide in uloaded muscle: powerless guard of stability. [52] Shirinsky V.P., Kazakova O.A., Samsonov M.V., Khalisov M.M., Khapchaev A.Yu., Penniyaynen V.A., Ankudinov A.V., Krylov B.V.Spatiotemporal activity profiling of key myosin regulators inendothelial cells with regard to control of cell stiffnessand barrier dysfunction. [53] Yakupova E.I., Bobylev A.G., Vikhlyantsev I.M., Podlubnaya Z.A. Smooth muscle titin forms aggregates with amyloid-likedye-binding properties. [53] MEDICAL BIOINFORMATICS. [54] Eskov V.M., Khadartsev A.A., Gavrilenko T.V., Filatov M.A. Homeostasis and the evolution of complex biological systems. [54] Gorbunov D.V., Garaeva G.R., Sinenko D.V., Grigorenko V.V. Limit of applicability the theorem of Glansdorf-Prigoginein the describing homeostatic systems. [54] Iaparov B.Y., Moskvin A., Solovyova O.E. Electron-conformational transformations governthe temperature dependence of the RYR2 gating. [54] Lookin N. Towards to the bio-computer: from serial von Neumann architectureto systolic computer system in one chip. [55] Obesnyuk V.F. Hybrid technology of cohort rate of conditionallifetime risk trend assessment. [55] Parshin D.V., Cherevko A., Chupakhin A., Orlov K., Ufimtseva I., Krivoshapkin A. Analytical methods for diagnostics of cerebral aneurysms. [56] Rudenko E., Shchegolev B. Parathyroid hypertensive factor (PHF) - β2-adrenergic receptorpotential antagonist. [56] Ryvkin A.М., Moskvin A. Probabilistic theory of ions binding to RYR-channelwithin the improved electron-conformational model. [56] Shadrin K.V., Pakhomova V., Rupenko A. Stoichiometric modeling of oxygen transport through the surfaceof the isolated perfused rat liver at various oxygenation conditions. [57] Zubarev A.Y. Theoretical modelling of magnetic hyperthermia. [57] TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE. FROM BASIC SCIENCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE. [58] Blinkova N.B., Danilova I.G., Gette I.F., Abidov M.T., Pozdina V.A. Features of the regenerative processesin the rat liver exposed to alloxan diabetes with stimulationof macrophages functional activity. [58] Bulavintseva T.S., Danilova I.G., Brilliant S.A. The response of macrophage to chronic hyperglycemiabefore and after modulation of macrophage functional phenotype. [58] Chumarnaya T.V., Alueva Y.S., Kochmasheva V.V., Mikhailov S.P., Ostern O.V., Sopov O.V., Solovyova O.E. Specific features of the functional geometryof the left ventricle in myocardial diseases. [59] Kolobov A.V., Kuznetsov M.B., Simakov S., Gorodnova N. Multiscale modeling of angiogenic tumor growth and progression. [59] Maryakhina V.S., Ovechkin M.V., Spirina V.I. Laser flash photolysis in investigation of breast cancerat different stages of tumor development. [59] Nikitina E.A., Zhuravlev A.V., Zakharov G.A., Medvedeva A.V., Dolgaya Y.F., Ivanova P.N., Tokmacheva E.V., Savvateeva-Popova E.V. Genetic and epigenetic aspectsof neurodegenerative diseases etiopathogenesis. [60] Pichugova S.V., Komarova S.Y., Beykin Y.B. Electron microscopy in the diagnosis of male infertility. [60] Pyankova Z.A., Medvedeva S.Y., Gette I.F., Belousova A.V. Influence of the pericellular microenvironmentto the functional liver cells damaged by toxin. [61] Smirnyh S.E., Chereshneva M.V., Danilova I.G.The dynamics of the regenerative processes in the retina in rats withalloxan diabetes and after injectionof tetrahydrophthalazine derivatives. [61] Solodushkin S.; Stolyar A. Mathematical modelling of the kidney transplant outcomes. [62] Tsyvian P.B. Hemodynamics and regulation of angiogenesis in human embryoconceived by in vitro fertilization. [62] Zotova N. Methodological approaches to identificationof Systemic Inflammation under sepsis. [62] MEDICAL CHEMISTRY[64] Bozhko Y., Bakhtin V.M., Belokonova N.A. On correction and prevention of magnesium deficiency. [64] Chernaya L.V., Kovalchuk L.A., Nokhrina E.S., Nikonov G.I. Biological active trace elements of medicinal leeches Hirudomedicinalis L., 1758 and Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820, grown inartificial conditions of regional biofactories in Russia. [64] Emelianov V.V., Savateeva E.A., Sidorova L.P., Tseitler T.A., Gette I.F., Bulavintseva T.S., Smirnyh S.E., Danilova I.G., Maksimova N.E., Mochulskaya N.N., Chupakhin O.N., Chereshnev V.A. 1,3,4-thiadiazine derivates – antioxidants and protein glycationblockers – for correction of experimental diabetes mellitus. 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Nonlinear oscillations and chaos in chemical cardiorespiratory control

We report progress made on an analytic investigation of low-frequency cardiorespiratory variability in humans. The work is based on an existing physiological model of chemically-mediated blood-gas control via the central and peripheral chemoreceptors, that of Grodins, Buell & Bart (1967). Scaling and simplification of the Grodins model yields a rich variety of dynamical subsets; the thesis focusses on the dynamics obtained under the normoxic assumption (i.e., when oxygen is decoupled from the system). In general, the method of asymptotic reduction yields submodels that validate or invalidate numerous (and more heuristic) extant efforts in the literature. Some of the physiologically-relevant behaviour obtained here has therefore been reported before, but a large number of features are reported for the first time. A particular novelty is the explicit demonstration of cardiorespiratory coupling via chemosensory control. The physiology and literature reviewed in Chapters 1 and 2 set the stage for the investigation. Chapter 3 scales and simplifies the Grodins model; Chapters 4, 5, 6 consider carbon dioxide dynamics at the central chemoreceptor. Chapter 7 begins analysis of the dynamics mediated by the peripheral receptor. Essentially all of the dynamical behaviour is due to the effect of time delays occurring within the conservation relations (which are ordinary differential equations). The pathophysiology highlighted by the analysis is considerable, and includes central nervous system disorders, heart failure, metabolic diseases, lung disorders, vascular pathologies, physiological changes during sleep, and ascent to high altitude. Chapter 8 concludes the thesis with a summary of achievements and directions for further work

Nonlinear Dynamics

This volume covers a diverse collection of topics dealing with some of the fundamental concepts and applications embodied in the study of nonlinear dynamics. Each of the 15 chapters contained in this compendium generally fit into one of five topical areas: physics applications, nonlinear oscillators, electrical and mechanical systems, biological and behavioral applications or random processes. The authors of these chapters have contributed a stimulating cross section of new results, which provide a fertile spectrum of ideas that will inspire both seasoned researches and students

Viscoelasticity

This book contains a wealth of useful information on current research on viscoelasticity. By covering a broad variety of rheology, non-Newtonian fluid mechanics and viscoelasticity-related topics, this book is addressed to a wide spectrum of academic and applied researchers and scientists but it could also prove useful to industry specialists. The subject areas include, theory, simulations, biological materials and food products among others

Understanding aspects of cardiovascular physiology and disease via a multi-physics modelling methodology

The overall aim of this study is to develop and analyse the performance of a multiscale framework involving arterial wall dynamics and blood flow in realistic vascular architectures that can facilitate the understanding of the onset and progression of vascular disease. This comprehensive modelling framework will also allow the virtual testing and ultimately inform the design of novel pharmacological probes. To achieve this aim, we need to deliver an arterial model able to account for i) the wall contractility triggered by biochemical processes at the cellular level ii) the interaction between the flow and vessel deformation, and iii) the transport phenomena along the arterial systemic circulation. For each problem component, a solution procedure has been proposed and validated against benchmark theoretical results and experimental measurements. First we characterised the structural behaviour of the arterial media layer and its response to the active contractile activity modulated by the smooth muscle Ca2+ dynamics. In this study, we modelled the activation, modulation and inhibition of the smooth muscle contraction by pharmacological interventions. Subsequently we have focused on the fluid structure interaction between wall mechanics and hemodynamics. This work required coupling a traditional incompressible arterial fluid model to a solid boundary, which represents the elastic arterial wall. The methodology proposed has been validated against a set of classical benchmark cases and exhibits improved numerical efficiency and significant memory savings. The third component of the work focuses on modelling transport and diffusion phenomena along the arterial branching network and within surrounding tissues. For the purpose of this study, a network of vessels was embedded within a solid tissue model of the human body. This model was able to predict how a property (in this application energy,but equivalently drug concentrations) is transported and diffused from the blood vessels to the tissues