All Culture is Local

This book is an outcome from a five year Australian Research Council funded research project, CAMRA cultural asset mapping in regional Australia project (LP0882238). Over this time four universities, four local governments, and peak regional, state and federal agencies sought to develop knowledge that would enable better informed planning for arts and cultural development in rural and regional communities. Over the course of the project, it became evident that rural-regional local government staff and cultural decision makers need better place-specific data and are keen to learn from the experiences of other local governments to inform their own planning. This book is CAMRA’s response to that need and includes 17 case studies on good practice in (1) Cultural Mapping and Data Collection and (2) Cultural Planning. The case studies have been written with the aim of making ideas and processes transferrable for any regional local authority - with the resource implications made clear – and are ordered using Australian Standard Geographical Classification-Remoteness Areas for local government area

Efeito antimicrobiano e antibiofilme de fungos endofíticos isolados de Handroanthus ochraceus (Bignoniaceae) em cateteres urinários

Orientadora: Prof. Dra. Juliana Bernardi WenzelDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia. Defesa : Toledo, 23/02/2022Inclui referênciasResumo: A crescente resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos e os biofilmes constituem um grande problema de saúde pública que necessita de intervenção, especialmente em pacientes hospitalizados que podem desenvolver infecção relacionada a assistência a saúde, incluindo as de trato urinário associada a utilização de dispositivos médicos. Cateteres favorecem a colonização por células planctônicas e biofilmes, acarretando complicações e elevação da morbimortalidade, bem como custos e tempo de internação. Assim, a bioprospecção e utilização de produtos naturais tem sido alvo de pesquisas na busca de moléculas que tenham alguma atividade biológica, especialmente para conter as questões de resistência e conseguir inibir/erradicar biofilmes. O Brasil apresenta uma biodiversidade muito rica, sendo fonte excelente de compostos naturais que ainda são pouco conhecidos ou inexplorados, principalmente de microrganismos endofíticos. No primeiro capítulo, o objetivo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a infecções de trato urinário, biofilme em cateteres e perspectivas com fungos endofíticos, metabólitos secundários e compostos bioativos frente a diversos microrganismos. O emprego de fungos endofíticos e compostos bioativos consistem em uma alternativa para minimizar estes tipos de infecções. Os dados presentes na literatura demonstram uma favorável utilização de metabólitos secundários de fungos endofíticos para o controle de diferentes microrganismos. Além disso, podem ser utilizados no controle da formação de biofilmes em dispositivos médicos, como os cateteres vesicais de demora, que são muito susceptíveis a colonização microbiana, sendo responsáveis por infecções graves e persistentes. No segundo capítulo, o objetivo foi avaliar a ação antimicrobiana e antibiofilme in vitro de compostos produzidos por fungos endofíticos isolados de flores de Handroanthus ochraceus, contra as bactérias patogênicas Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 e Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Fungos endofíticos foram isolados de flores de H. ochraceus coletadas no município de Toledo, Paraná, Brasil. Posteriormente, foram obtidos metabólitos secundários por fermentação submersa e separados nas frações aquosa, em acetato de etila e clorofórmio. Foi avaliada a concentração inibitória mínima e atividade antibiofilme pela técnica de concentração mínima de inibição de formação e de erradicação de biofilme envolvendo cateteres vesicais de látex e silicone. Os fungos foram caracterizados de acordo com gênero e realizada a quantificação de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides dos metabólitos secundários. Os compostos isolados dos fungos endofíticos de H. ochraceus apresentaram resultados promissores frente a bactérias gram-negativas E. coli e P. aeruginosa, onde a quantidade de células bacterianas presentes nos cateteres vesicais foram afetadas, bem como a estruturação da matriz extracelular dos biofilmes. Assim, os compostos dos fungos endofíticos podem ser melhor explorados para o revestimento e impregnação de cateteres urinários.Abstract: The growing bacterial resistance to antimicrobials and biofilms constitute a major public health problem that needs intervention, especially in hospitalized patients who may develop healthcare-associated infections, including urinary tract infections associated with the use of medical devices. Catheters favor colonization by planktonic cells and biofilms, causing complications and increased morbidity and mortality, as well as costs and length of hospital stay. Thus, the bioprospecting and use of natural products has been the subject of research in the search for molecules that have some biological activity, especially to contain resistance issues and to be able to inhibit/eradicate biofilms. Brazil has a very rich biodiversity, being an excellent source of natural compounds that are still little known or unexplored, especially endophytic microorganisms. In the first chapter, the objective was to carry out a literature review about urinary tract infections, biofilm in catheters and perspectives with endophilic fungi, secondary metabolites and bioactive compounds against several microorganisms. The use of endophytic fungi and bioactive compounds is an alternative to minimize these types of infections. The data present in the literature demonstrate a favorable use of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi to control different microorganisms. In addition, they can be used to control the formation of biofilms in medical devices, such as indwelling bladder catheters, which are very susceptible to microbial colonization, being responsible for severe and persistent infections. In the second chapter, the objective was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm action of compounds produced by endophytic fungi isolated from flowers of Handroanthus ochraceus, against the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Endophytic fungi were isolated from H ochraceus collected in the municipality of Toledo, Paraná, Brazil. Subsequently, secondary metabolites were obtained by submerged fermentation and separated into aqueous fractions, in ethyl acetate and chloroform. The minimum inhibitory concentration and antibiofilm activity were evaluated by the technique of minimum concentration of inhibition of biofilm formation and eradication involving latex and silicone bladder catheters. The fungi were characterized according to gender and the quantification of phenolic compounds and flavonoids of secondary metabolites was performed. The compounds isolated from the endophytic fungi of H. ochraceus showed promising results against gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa, where the amount of bacterial cells present in the bladder catheters were affected, as well as the structuring of the extracellular matrix of the biofilms. Thus, compounds from endophytic fungi can be better exploited for the coating and impregnation of urinary catheters

Federal Register

Daily publication of the U.S. Office of the Federal Register contains rules and regulations, proposed legislation and rule changes, and other notices, including "Presidential proclamations and Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public interest" (p. ii). Table of Contents starts on page iii

Federal Register

Daily publication of the U.S. Office of the Federal Register contains rules and regulations, proposed legislation and rule changes, and other notices, including "Presidential proclamations and Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public interest" (p. ii). Table of Contents starts on page iii

Federal Register

Daily publication of the U.S. Office of the Federal Register contains rules and regulations, proposed legislation and rule changes, and other notices, including "Presidential proclamations and Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public interest" (p. ii). Table of Contents starts on page iii

Sayre: Undergraduate Catalog 2016-2017

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Sayre: Undergraduate Catalog 2015-2016

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Sayre: Undergraduate Catalog 2013-2014

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