Overview of positioning technologies from fitness-to-purpose point of view

Even though Location Based Services (LBSs) are being more and more widely-used and this shows a promising future, there are still many challenges to deal with, such as privacy, reliability, accuracy, cost of service, power consumption and availability. There is still no single low-cost positioning technology which provides position of its users seamlessly indoors and outdoors with an acceptable level of accuracy and low power consumption. For this reason, fitness of positioning service to the purpose of LBS application is an important parameter to be considered when choosing the most suitable positioning technology for an LBS. This should be done for any LBS application, since each application may need different requirements. Some location-based applications, such as location-based advertisements or Location-Based Social Networking (LBSN), do not need very accurate positioning input data, while for some others, e.g. navigation and tracking services, highly-accurate positioning is essential. This paper evaluates different positioning technologies from fitness-to-purpose point of view for two different applications, public transport information and family/friend tracking

Feasability of Bluetooth 5.0 connectionless communications for I2V applications

[EN] Vehicle communications are one of the pillars of the development of Intelligent Transport Systems. This is a complex scenario, where several types of entities interact with each other, using a range of communication infrastructure. In this area there are several applicable technologies, with different advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, flexible and ubiquitous communication, capable of using any communication type, will allow Smart vehicles to use the most appropriate one to improve traffic movement systems. Although the use of Bluetooth has been considered in this field, it has normally been done in intra-vehicle communications, or if it has been done outside this field, for inter-vehicle communications, it has been done based on standard 4.2 or earlier versions. The Bluetooth BLE 5.0 standard has features that allow the use of this technology in previously unimaginable scenarios; in particular, the increase in range, and greater robustness in communications allowing the analysis of its use as an infrastructure to vehicle network. The preliminary results obtained demonstrate this viability and the potential of this technology in this fieldThis work has been supported by the project PRYSTINE which has received funding within the Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership Joint Undertaking (ECSELJU) in collaboration with the European Union¿s H2020 Framework Programme and National Authorities, under grant agreement No. 783190, and from the ¿Instituto Valenciano de Competitividad Empresarial" ¿ IVACE. It has also been funded by the MCyU (Spanish Ministry of Science and Universities) under the project ATLAS (PGC2018-094151-B-I00), which is partially funded by AEI, FEDER and EUGarcía Ortíz, JC.; Silvestre-Blanes, J.; Sempere Paya, VM.; Ponce Tortajada, R. (2020). Feasability of Bluetooth 5.0 connectionless communications for I2V applications. IEEE. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA46521.2020.9211984S1

A survey on Human Mobility and its applications

Human Mobility has attracted attentions from different fields of studies such as epidemic modeling, traffic engineering, traffic prediction and urban planning. In this survey we review major characteristics of human mobility studies including from trajectory-based studies to studies using graph and network theory. In trajectory-based studies statistical measures such as jump length distribution and radius of gyration are analyzed in order to investigate how people move in their daily life, and if it is possible to model this individual movements and make prediction based on them. Using graph in mobility studies, helps to investigate the dynamic behavior of the system, such as diffusion and flow in the network and makes it easier to estimate how much one part of the network influences another by using metrics like centrality measures. We aim to study population flow in transportation networks using mobility data to derive models and patterns, and to develop new applications in predicting phenomena such as congestion. Human Mobility studies with the new generation of mobility data provided by cellular phone networks, arise new challenges such as data storing, data representation, data analysis and computation complexity. A comparative review of different data types used in current tools and applications of Human Mobility studies leads us to new approaches for dealing with mentioned challenges

A Strategic Audit of Garmin LTD

Garmin is a consumer electronics company that has been designing, manufacturing, and selling GPS products since 1989. Recently, however, Garmin has experienced growth well below the market average. This report examines Garmin past and present business situation using analysis techniques such as SWOT, PEST, and Porter’s Five Forces. The information obtained from these analyses will then be used to propose a business strategy that would bring Garmin’s growth back into line with the market average