320 research outputs found
RePos : relative position estimation of UHF-RFID tags for item-level localization
Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology brings tremendous applications in location-based services. Specifically, ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID tag positioning based on phase (difference) of arrival (PoA/PDoA) has won great attention, due to its better positioning accuracy than signal strength-based methods. In most cases, such as logistics, retailing, and smart inventory management, the relative orders of the objects are much more attractive than absolute positions with centimetre-level accuracy. In this paper, a relative positioning (RePos) approach based on inter-tag distance and direction estimation is proposed. In the RePos positioning system, the measured phases are reconstructed based on unwrapping method. Then the distances from antenna to the tags are calculated using the distance differences of pairs of antenna's positions via a least-squares method. The relative relationships of the tags, including relative distances and angles, are obtained based on the geometry information extracted from PDoA. The experimental results show that the RePos RFID positioning system can realize about 0.28-meter ranging accuracy, and distinguish the levels and columns without ambiguity
A phase-based technique for localization of uhf-rfid tags moving on a conveyor belt: Performance analysis and test-case measurements
A new phase-based technique for localization and
tracking of items moving along a conveyor belt and equipped with
ultrahigh frequency-radio frequency identification (UHF-RFID)
tags is described and validated here. The technique is based on
a synthetic-array approach that takes advantage of the fact that
the tagged items move along a conveyor belt whose speed and
path are known apriori. In this framework, a joint use is done
of synthetic-array radar principles, knowledge-based processing,
and efficient exploitation of the reader-tag communication signal.
The technique can be easily implemented in any conventional
reader based on an in-phase and quadrature receiver and it does
not require any modification of the reader antenna configurations
usually adopted in UHF-RFID portals. Numerical results are used
to investigate the performance analysis of such methods, and
also to furnish system design guidelines. Finally, the localization
capability is also demonstrated through a measurement campaign
in a real conveyor belt scenario, showing that a centimeter-order
accuracy in the tag position estimation can be achieved even in
a rich multipath environment
RF-compass: Robot object manipulation using RFIDs
Modern robots have to interact with their environment, search for objects, and move them around. Yet, for a robot to pick up an object, it needs to identify the object's orientation and locate it to within centimeter-scale accuracy. Existing systems that provide such information are either very expensive (e.g., the VICON motion capture system valued at hundreds of thousands of dollars) and/or suffer from occlusion and narrow field of view (e.g., computer vision approaches).
This paper presents RF-Compass, an RFID-based system for robot navigation and object manipulation. RFIDs are low-cost and work in non-line-of-sight scenarios, allowing them to address the limitations of existing solutions. Given an RFID-tagged object, RF-Compass accurately navigates a robot equipped with RFIDs toward the object. Further, it locates the center of the object to within a few centimeters and identifies its orientation so that the robot may pick it up. RF-Compass's key innovation is an iterative algorithm formulated as a convex optimization problem. The algorithm uses the RFID signals to partition the space and keeps refining the partitions based on the robot's consecutive moves.We have implemented RF-Compass using USRP software radios and evaluated it with commercial RFIDs and a KUKA youBot robot. For the task of furniture assembly, RF-Compass can locate furniture parts to a median of 1.28 cm, and identify their orientation to a median of 3.3 degrees.National Science Foundation (U.S.
Hybrid UHF/UWB antenna for passive indoor identification and localization systems
WOS:000312996000040 (Nº de Acesso Web of Science)There is a growing interest for simultaneous identification and centimetre-resolution localization of multiple targets in indoor environments. A hybrid passive UHF/UWB RFID concept has been recently proposed that conciliates the potential from high resolution UWB impulse radio with the typical range from UHF-RFID identification systems. This paper proposes a new planar antenna for hybrid passive tag systems, which operates both in the UHF-RFID band and in the FCC UWB band. The co-designed UHF and UWB antenna elements are printed back-to-back on each side of a common substrate with appropriate topology for future integration with a single UHF-UWB RFID chip. Experimental tests have shown that both UHF-RFID and UWB performance of the hybrid antenna are comparable to available commercial solutions that work just on a single band. The antenna is adequate for low-cost mass production of hybrid passive tags. It aims at low-cost passive RFID systems combining the ability of item identification with precise tracking in indoor environments
Research on port AGV composite positioning based on UWB/RFID
In recent years, ports in various countries have successively carried out research and
application of fully automated terminal. The terminal adopts the "Double car shore
bridge + AGV + ARMG" automation process, which is the most widely used and
relatively mature fully automated solution. At present, the AGV navigation of the
terminal is based on RFID magnetic nail positioning and the accuracy is good. However,
nowadays UWB technology has become the most popular technology in ranging and
positioning. The research in this work is based on UWB/RFID composite positioning,
which is mainly used for the specific localization tasks in the port and it can accurately
locate the position of the AGV.
This MSc work studies the UWB positioning system first and then researches the
traditional 3D positioning algorithm. Importance contribution expressed by 3D TOA
localization algorithm. For RFID system, this connection between the reader and the
carrier is designed, and the reference tag is buried. At last, data-based on RFID
localization algorithm in scene analysis method is adopted for positioning. Secondly,
the basis of the composite positioning system is data fusion technology. The most
widely used and mature fusion algorithm is the Kalman filter algorithm and Particle
filter. Finally, the experimental analysis of UWB and RFID composite positioning
system is implemented. The results indicate that UWB and RFID composite positioning
system can reduce the cost of the positioning system. Higher positioning accuracy and
robustness are characterizing the developed system.Nos últimos anos, portos de vários países realizaram sucessivamente pesquisas e
aplicações de terminais totalmente automatizados. O terminal adota o processo de
automação "Double car shore bridge + AGV + ARMG", que é a solução totalmente
automatizada mais amplamente utilizada e relativamente madura. Atualmente, a
navegação AGV do terminal é baseada no posicionamento da etiqueta RFID e a
precisão é boa. No entanto, hoje em dia, a tecnologia UWB tornou-se na tecnologia
mais popular relativamente ao alcance e posicionamento. A pesquisa neste trabalho é
baseada no posicionamento composto por UWB / RFID, usado principalmente para
tarefas de localização específicas nos portos, podendo desta forma localizar-se com
precisão a posição do AGV.
Este projeto de mestrado estuda em primeiro lugar o sistema de posicionamento UWB,
e depois um algoritmo tradicional de posicionamento 3D. A contribuição da
importância expressa pelo algoritmo de posicionamento “time of arrival” (TOA) 3D foi
proposta. Para o sistema de posicionamento RFID, a conexão entre o leitor e a
transportadora é projetada e a etiqueta de referência é ocultada. Por fim, o algoritmo de
“k-nearest neighbor” baseado numa base de dados e no método de análise de cena é
adotado para realizar o posicionamento. Em segundo lugar, a base do sistema de
posicionamento composto é a tecnologia de fusão de dados. O algoritmo de fusão mais
amplamente utilizado e maduro é o algoritmo de filtro Kalman e o filtro de partículas.
Finalmente, é realizada a análise experimental do sistema de posicionamento composto
UWB e RFID. Os resultados experimentais mostram que o sistema de posicionamento
composto UWB e RFID pode reduzir o custo do sistema de posicionamento. O sistema
desenvolvido é caracterizado por uma maior precisão de posicionamento e robustez
RFID-based hybrid Camera Tracking in Virtual Studio
This paper addresses the problem of Camera tracking in virtual studio environment. The traditional camera tracking methods can be classified into optical-based or electromechanical sensor-based. However, the electromechanical method is extensive time-consuming calibration procedures and cost too much; the optical method suffers from the error detection of references features and the chorma keying limitation in virtual studio. Therefore, in order to overcome those problems, we proposed a novel RFID-based hybrid camera tracking method in virtual studio application. Firstly, we designed a RFID passive tags based camera tracker. By using the triangular position algorithm, the accuracy could reach up to 5 centimeters. Secondly, we combined the optical based tracking method into RFID tracker with the aim to improve the orientation and position accuracy. Finally, the experiment results showed that this method could be a novel potential solution for camera tracking system in virtual studio applications.
Keywords-RFID, camera tracking, chorma key, SLA
Feasibility of LoRa for Smart Home Indoor Localization
With the advancement of low-power and low-cost wireless technologies in the past few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been growing rapidly in numerous areas of Industry 4.0 and smart homes. With the development of many applications for the IoT, indoor localization, i.e., the capability to determine the physical location of people or devices, has become an important component of smart homes. Various wireless technologies have been used for indoor localization includingWiFi, ultra-wideband (UWB), Bluetooth low energy (BLE), radio-frequency identification (RFID), and LoRa. The ability of low-cost long range (LoRa) radios for low-power and long-range communication has made this radio technology a suitable candidate for many indoor and outdoor IoT applications. Additionally, research studies have shown the feasibility of localization with LoRa radios. However, indoor localization with LoRa is not adequately explored at the home level, where the localization area is relatively smaller than offices and corporate buildings. In this study, we first explore the feasibility of ranging with LoRa. Then, we conduct experiments to demonstrate the capability of LoRa for accurate and precise indoor localization in a typical apartment setting. Our experimental results show that LoRa-based indoor localization has an accuracy better than 1.6 m in line-of-sight scenario and 3.2 m in extreme non-line-of-sight scenario with a precision better than 25 cm in all cases, without using any data filtering on the location estimates
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