48,490 research outputs found
Green Cellular Networks: A Survey, Some Research Issues and Challenges
Energy efficiency in cellular networks is a growing concern for cellular
operators to not only maintain profitability, but also to reduce the overall
environment effects. This emerging trend of achieving energy efficiency in
cellular networks is motivating the standardization authorities and network
operators to continuously explore future technologies in order to bring
improvements in the entire network infrastructure. In this article, we present
a brief survey of methods to improve the power efficiency of cellular networks,
explore some research issues and challenges and suggest some techniques to
enable an energy efficient or "green" cellular network. Since base stations
consume a maximum portion of the total energy used in a cellular system, we
will first provide a comprehensive survey on techniques to obtain energy
savings in base stations. Next, we discuss how heterogeneous network deployment
based on micro, pico and femto-cells can be used to achieve this goal. Since
cognitive radio and cooperative relaying are undisputed future technologies in
this regard, we propose a research vision to make these technologies more
energy efficient. Lastly, we explore some broader perspectives in realizing a
"green" cellular network technologyComment: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
Factors Affecting QoS in Tanzania Cellular Networks
Quality of service in cellular communication system is a topic that recently
has raised much interest for many researchers. This paper presents the findings
obtained from the study on factors affecting QoS in Tanzania cellular networks.
The study was carried out in Dodoma Municipal, Tanzania. The study employed
cross sectional research design. Information was gathered from structured
questionnaire of 240 subscribers during the study of quality of service for the
four leading cellular networks in Tanzania. Both qualitative and quantitative
data from field survey were collected and analyzed using Statistical Package
for Social Sciences and Excel software. The study findings show that the major
factors that degrade QoS in Tanzania cellular networks are inadequate network
infrastructure, lack of fairness from service providers and little efforts
taken by the government in enforcing the national agreed standards. Other
factors are lack of reliable end to end systems, geographical terrain, low
quality handsets, poor government monitoring on standards and lack of
subscriber skills and training.Comment: 7 Page
Radio frequency optimization of a Global System for Mobile (GSM) network
Includes bibliographical references
Quantifying Potential Energy Efficiency Gain in Green Cellular Wireless Networks
Conventional cellular wireless networks were designed with the purpose of
providing high throughput for the user and high capacity for the service
provider, without any provisions of energy efficiency. As a result, these
networks have an enormous Carbon footprint. In this paper, we describe the
sources of the inefficiencies in such networks. First we present results of the
studies on how much Carbon footprint such networks generate. We also discuss
how much more mobile traffic is expected to increase so that this Carbon
footprint will even increase tremendously more. We then discuss specific
sources of inefficiency and potential sources of improvement at the physical
layer as well as at higher layers of the communication protocol hierarchy. In
particular, considering that most of the energy inefficiency in cellular
wireless networks is at the base stations, we discuss multi-tier networks and
point to the potential of exploiting mobility patterns in order to use base
station energy judiciously. We then investigate potential methods to reduce
this inefficiency and quantify their individual contributions. By a
consideration of the combination of all potential gains, we conclude that an
improvement in energy consumption in cellular wireless networks by two orders
of magnitude, or even more, is possible.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.843
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