A Tractable Approach to Coverage and Rate in Cellular Networks

Cellular networks are usually modeled by placing the base stations on a grid, with mobile users either randomly scattered or placed deterministically. These models have been used extensively but suffer from being both highly idealized and not very tractable, so complex system-level simulations are used to evaluate coverage/outage probability and rate. More tractable models have long been desirable. We develop new general models for the multi-cell signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) using stochastic geometry. Under very general assumptions, the resulting expressions for the downlink SINR CCDF (equivalent to the coverage probability) involve quickly computable integrals, and in some practical special cases can be simplified to common integrals (e.g., the Q-function) or even to simple closed-form expressions. We also derive the mean rate, and then the coverage gain (and mean rate loss) from static frequency reuse. We compare our coverage predictions to the grid model and an actual base station deployment, and observe that the proposed model is pessimistic (a lower bound on coverage) whereas the grid model is optimistic, and that both are about equally accurate. In addition to being more tractable, the proposed model may better capture the increasingly opportunistic and dense placement of base stations in future networks.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Communication

Approximation Techniques For Analytical Characterization Of Downlink Traffic Power For Multi-Service CDMA Networks

This paper presents a novel analytical framework for characterizing the downlink power allocations for a multi-rate Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network. The characterization takes into account the RF propagation model, the shadowing process and considers both intracell and intercell interference. To arrive at the model, the paper utilizes approximation techniques recently developed in the recent literature to evaluate the sum of lognormal random variables. The overall traffic power is modeled as a random variable that is function of the network parameters and the assigned downlink bit rates. The paper demonstrates the calculation of the forward link power outage probability as one example application for the developed characterization. It also compares between two approximation techniques suggested in this paper: matched first and second order statistics, and the min-max technique. The analytical results are compared to those obtained via Monte-Carlo simulations to assess the accuracy of the adapted approximations. The results indicate the min-max technique produces more accurate results when compared to matched first and second moments approximation scheme

Approximation Techniques For Analytical Characterization Of Downlink Traffic Power For Multi-Service CDMA Networks

This paper presents a novel analytical framework for characterizing the downlink power allocations for a multi-rate Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network. The characterization takes into account the RF propagation model, the shadowing process and considers both intracell and intercell interference. To arrive at the model, the paper utilizes approximation techniques recently developed in the recent literature to evaluate the sum of lognormal random variables. The overall traffic power is modeled as a random variable that is function of the network parameters and the assigned downlink bit rates. The paper demonstrates the calculation of the forward link power outage probability as one example application for the developed characterization. It also compares between two approximation techniques suggested in this paper: matched first and second order statistics, and the min-max technique. The analytical results are compared to those obtained via Monte-Carlo simulations to assess the accuracy of the adapted approximations. The results indicate the min-max technique produces more accurate results when compared to matched first and second moments approximation scheme

Downlink Traffic Power Characterization for Multi- Rate Wireless CDMA Data Networks

The characterization of downlink traffic power is an important issue for the design of efficient call admission control (CAC) and radio resource management (RRM) procedures. In this paper an analytic model is presented to solve the power-rate assignment problem and to approximate the probability distribution function for the cell site downlink traffic power for a multi-rate CDMA based network. The model accounts for both the radio frequency propagation model and the large signal variations represented by the signal shadowing process. As one application, the model is utilized in calculating the probability of cell site power outage as a function of the system rates and the number of supported bursts. The study compares between model based results and results obtained using conventional Monte- Carlo simulations. Comparisons indicate the model provides an adequate approximation for outage probability figure

Downlink Traffic Power Characterization for Multi- Rate Wireless CDMA Data Networks

The characterization of downlink traffic power is an important issue for the design of efficient call admission control (CAC) and radio resource management (RRM) procedures. In this paper an analytic model is presented to solve the power-rate assignment problem and to approximate the probability distribution function for the cell site downlink traffic power for a multi-rate CDMA based network. The model accounts for both the radio frequency propagation model and the large signal variations represented by the signal shadowing process. As one application, the model is utilized in calculating the probability of cell site power outage as a function of the system rates and the number of supported bursts. The study compares between model based results and results obtained using conventional Monte- Carlo simulations. Comparisons indicate the model provides an adequate approximation for outage probability figure

Downlink Traffic Power Characterization for Multi- Rate Wireless CDMA Data Networks

The characterization of downlink traffic power is an important issue for the design of efficient call admission control (CAC) and radio resource management (RRM) procedures. In this paper an analytic model is presented to solve the power-rate assignment problem and to approximate the probability distribution function for the cell site downlink traffic power for a multi-rate CDMA based network. The model accounts for both the radio frequency propagation model and the large signal variations represented by the signal shadowing process. As one application, the model is utilized in calculating the probability of cell site power outage as a function of the system rates and the number of supported bursts. The study compares between model based results and results obtained using conventional Monte- Carlo simulations. Comparisons indicate the model provides an adequate approximation for outage probability figure