SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PHENYL AND FURAN-2-YL[1,2,4] TRIAZOLO[4,3-a]QUINOXALIN-4(5H)-ONE AND THEIR HYDRAZONE PRECURSORS

A variety of 1-(s-phenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one (3a-3h) and 1-(s-furan-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one (5a-d) were synthesized from thermal annelation of corresponding hydrazones (2a-h) and (4a-d) respectively in the presence of ethylene glycol which is a high boiling solvent. The structures of the compounds prepared were confirmed by analytical and spectral data. Also, the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for possible antimicrobial activity. 3-(2-(4-hydroxylbenzylidene)hydrazinyl)quinoxalin-2(1H)-one (2e) was the most active antibacterial agent while 1-(5-Chlorofuran-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one (5c) stood out as the most potent antifungal agent

Solar and geomagnetic activity impacts pulmonary health outcomes in children with allergen sensitivities

BACKGROUND: Periods of intense solar and geomagnetic activity (SGMA) have been linked to a broad range of adverse health effects including increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, reproductive and neurologic disease, and importantly, a diminished immune response. However, there has been little research into the effects of SGMA on pediatric pulmonary health outcomes, specifically for children with allergen sensitivities. AIMS: This paper aims to investigate the effects of SGMA on pulmonary health outcomes: asthma symptoms days (ASD), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs). We also investigate if having allergen sensitization modifies the effects of SGMA on pulmonary health outcome severity. METHODS: Using mixed effects models with random intercepts, we assessed the data from pediatric patients enrolled in the School Inner-City Asthma Study (SICAS), a NIH funded cohort of urban children with asthma, to test for significant associations between solar and geomagnetic parameters: sunspot number (SSN), interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and Kp index, on pulmonary health outcomes FeNO, ASD, and PFTs. Interaction tests were performed to evaluate the effect modification of SMGA on allergen sensitization, and related pulmonary health outcomes. RESULTS: Increases in solar and geomagnetic activity are significantly associated with improved health outcomes (ASD, FeNO and PFTs) especially in children without allergen sensitivities. CONCLUSIONS: Rising SGMA may dysregulate the human circadian rhythm which augments melatonin production and autonomic nervous system activity thereby suppressing the immune response and ultimately improving pulmonary health outcomes. This paper further elucidates the interactions of the human body with our surrounding geophysical environment, and may also help to inform the clinical management of pediatric asthma

Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 128, May 1974

This special bibliography lists 282 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in April 1974

Interdisciplinary cardiovascular health research: quantitative methods, heliogeophysical influence, demographics, and spatial trends

The study of cardiovascular health involves myriad scientific disciplines associated with diverse factors that contribute to health which further necessitates interdisciplinary endeavors. The current series of studies concern cardiovascular health from multiple interdisciplinary perspectives including biomedical signal processing, heliobiology, and public health, with a particular focus on quantitative methods throughout. The first study examined heart rate variability (HRV) derived from healthy and arrhythmia human electrocardiograph records. Data processed using wavelet entropy was quantitatively novel compared to traditional indices of HRV and also demonstrated significant accuracy for prediction and classification of arrhythmia. Next, heliobiological perspectives of cardiovascular physiology were examined beginning with experimental verification of previous correlational results. Artificially simulated geomagnetic impulses were associated with significant increases in participant HRV, particularly for frequency-based components. An additional pilot case study demonstrated similar effects for natural geomagnetic storms, while a nonlinear relationship was observed overall for HRV and geomagnetic activity. National data regarding mortalities due to hypertensive diseases in Canada from 1979 to 2009 were aggregated and investigated for periodic components and relationships with space weather parameters. Time-lagged linear correlations were observed along with conspicuously overlapping temporal trends, for which geomagnetic activity and solar wind pressures were identified as central sources of variance. Finally, three ecological cross-sectional studies investigated sub-provincial cardiovascular concerns across Canada at the health region level with emphasis on demography and spatial statistics. Hospitalizations due to myocardial infarction demonstrated significant relationships with socioeconomic and behavioral factors as well as significant geospatial clustering of high rates in Northern Ontario and Quebec. Aggregate rates of self-reported hypertension were similarly related to income and demographics with spatial results demonstrating high rates clustered in the North Atlantic, particularly Newfoundland. Furthermore, analyses for hypertension specifically among older adult Canadians (≥ 65 years of age) suggested that education was the strongest contributor at the health region level and there were no significant spatial relationships, in contrast to age-standardized rates. Various implications and other relevant associations are discussed throughout.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Human Studie

Experimental and correlational evidence that biological systems are influenced by intensity and variation of geomagnetic fields

Fluctuations in the Earth’s geomagnetic environment have been implicated in numerous biological processes as small as ion transport across a cellular membrane to as gross as the activity and behaviour of an individual. Treatment of demyelinated planaria with a six minute exposure to a magnetic field which simulates the onset of a geomagnetic storm resulted in a reduction of atypical behaviours that mimics observations of planaria not treated with a demyelinating agent. There was also a strong correlation observed between the North/South component of the Earth’s geomagnetic field and the prevalence of multiple sclerosis around the world. Increases in the local geomagnetic field strength due to geomagnetic disturbances can also influence the electrophysiological and negatively impact the sporting performance of athletes. These results indicate that biological systems are heavily influenced by changes in their geomagnetic environment, and certain disease acquisition and progression may be intrinsically tied to these energies.Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Biolog

Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 204

This bibliography lists 140 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February 1980

Biometeorology: review and analysis with regard to traumatic brain Injury acquisition in professional football, as well as traditional and digital economic markets

This research explores Biometeorology, which is the relationship between the environment and human behavior. Previous research has indicated that meteorological events such as lunar cycles, solar activity, temperature, and humidity have been extensively documented to affect human psychophysiology through systemic variation. The purpose of this document is to explore the effects of environmental factors on typical everyday aggregate behaviors in distinct, unique and separate investigations that relate to participation in sporting events and economic activities in order to determine if these naturally occurring influences are genuine. For example, local weather related and extra-terrestrial phenomena were collected during timestamped Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) acquisition in the National Football league (NFL) for 645 concussed players from 2012-2015. Components of the Earth’s geomagnetic field were also documented in relation to global search tendencies for highly emotional states in addition to stock market indices. Furthermore, solar and lunar cycles were recorded during the monumental rise in the cryptocurrency market in order to identify if these cyclical background patterns systemically altered interest in Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) or influenced their price index in-and-of-itself. The results indicate that intrinsic capacities of the game of football inherently impacted injury severity and return to play considerations. TBI’s did however, vary as a function of geo-coordination and were most pronounced in the Northwest U.S. Injury severity was also found to be greatest during increased geomagnetic intensities. Lunar contributions also appeared to play a central role in injury acquisition insofar as TBI player height weight and injury severity were predicted by solar and geomagnetic variables of interest during the full moon. Aggregate search behavior on the Internet of Things (IoT) was found to correlate with magnetic variability, geomagnetic intensity as well as Dow Jones price movement and trading volume. Finally, traditional technical analysis indicators closely followed cryptocurrency price. However, Bitcoins Aroon up and down was found to cycle with the Moon, while Ethereum’s Heiken Ashi displayed a relationship with the Sun. Internet interest in Ethereum was found to have significant associations with the Earth’s geomagnetic field, the Sun and the Moon which was enhanced during specific alignments of these heavenly bodies. In summary, seemingly random events and aggregate group behaviors are intimately associated with external interconnected dynamics.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Human Studie

Human Consciousness: The Role of Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex, Vagal Afferents, and Beyond

Human Consciousness is one of most elusive issues in the scientific history. Its nature created major historical debate started thousands of years ago and still ongoing. Despite the explosive developments in the last 6 decades to explore its nature, the knowledge about it is still deficient. The important advances in the twentieth and 21st centuries in understanding cerebral cortex dynamics fortified by the dominant materialistic philosophical approach of the era dictated its impact on consciousness science, which is understood as sole human brain function. This chapter is a call for holistic perception of human consciousness incorporating the ancient wisdom of the human civilizations with the massive current advances in different disciplines of applied sciences. The description of René Descartes in the 17th century of the Cartesian dualism is timely to revisit with new holistic perspective, in view of the major advances of our understanding of heart brain communications, astrophysical resonances with, human heart and central nervous system frequencies, and signaling between humans and their large environment. Neural and psychological correlates of human consciousness which dominate the consciousness research nowadays should undergo revolutionary conceptual understanding to perceive consciousness as a massive universal event expanding from human genes to galaxies with cerebral cortex as major player

Spacelab mission 1 experiment descriptions, third edition

Experiments and facilities selected for flight on the first Spacelab mission are described. Chosen from responses to the Announcement of Opportunity for the Spacelab 1 mission, the experiments cover five broad areas of investigation: atmospheric physics and Earth observations; space plasma physics; astronomy and solar physics; material sciences and technology; and life sciences. The name of the principal investigator and country is listed for each experiment

Regulating Irrational Exuberance and Anxiety in Securities Markets

This paper analyzes the regulatory implications of irrational exuberance and anxiety in securities markets. U.S. federal securities laws mandate the disclosure of certain information, but regulate only the cognitive form and content of that information. An important and unstudied question is how to regulate securities markets where some investors respond not only cognitively to the form and content of information, but also emotionally to the form and content of information. This paper investigates that question when some investors feel exuberance or anxiety that is unjustified by cognitive processing of the available information. This paper develops the implications for mandatory securities disclosure of irrational exuberance and anxiety