471 research outputs found

    Multiuser MIMO-OFDM for Next-Generation Wireless Systems

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    This overview portrays the 40-year evolution of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) research. The amelioration of powerful multicarrier OFDM arrangements with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems has numerous benefits, which are detailed in this treatise. We continue by highlighting the limitations of conventional detection and channel estimation techniques designed for multiuser MIMO OFDM systems in the so-called rank-deficient scenarios, where the number of users supported or the number of transmit antennas employed exceeds the number of receiver antennas. This is often encountered in practice, unless we limit the number of users granted access in the base station’s or radio port’s coverage area. Following a historical perspective on the associated design problems and their state-of-the-art solutions, the second half of this treatise details a range of classic multiuser detectors (MUDs) designed for MIMO-OFDM systems and characterizes their achievable performance. A further section aims for identifying novel cutting-edge genetic algorithm (GA)-aided detector solutions, which have found numerous applications in wireless communications in recent years. In an effort to stimulate the cross pollination of ideas across the machine learning, optimization, signal processing, and wireless communications research communities, we will review the broadly applicable principles of various GA-assisted optimization techniques, which were recently proposed also for employment inmultiuser MIMO OFDM. In order to stimulate new research, we demonstrate that the family of GA-aided MUDs is capable of achieving a near-optimum performance at the cost of a significantly lower computational complexity than that imposed by their optimum maximum-likelihood (ML) MUD aided counterparts. The paper is concluded by outlining a range of future research options that may find their way into next-generation wireless systems

    An Efficient and Low Density Crossbar Switch Design for NoC

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    Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is a sort of multiplexing that facilitates various signals to occupy a single transmission channel. In this medium, sharing is enabled in the code space by assigning a limited number of N-chip length orthogonal spreading codes to the processing elements sharing interconnect. Serial and parallel overloaded CDMA interconnect (OCI) architecture variants are presented to adhere to different area, delay, and power requirements. Compared with the conventional CDMA crossbar, on a  Xilinx  Artix-7  AC701  FPGA  kit,  the  serial  OCI crossbar achieves 100% higher bandwidth, 31% less resource utilization, and 45% power saving, while the parallel OCI crossbar achieves N times higher  bandwidth  compared with the serial OCI crossbar at the expense of increased area  and power consumption. A 65-node OCI-based star NoC is implemented, evaluated, and compared with an equivalent space division multiple access based torus NoC for various synthetic traffic patterns. The evaluation results in terms of the resource utilization and throughput highlight the OCI as a promising technology to implement the physical layer of NoC routers

    Performance Evaluation Of Combined Code-Space Division Multiple Access With Enhanced Parallel Interference Cancellation

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    To meet the ever growing need for wireless networks, several methods were adopted to increase the system capacity of wireless communication systems, such as Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). In this thesis, Combined Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) system have been investigated for capacity improvement. The analysis considered here is to evaluate the performance of combined Code-Space Division Multiple Access (C-SDMA) system. A single cell composed with one base station (BS) and N classes of users is considered. In heterogeneous environment each user class is supported by one of the different media with specific data rates and minimum required quality of service. In this thesis, the synchronous uplink channel transmission is investigated in order to detect the received signal (bits) in a combined C-SDMA system with perfect power control, with and without interference cancellation. Parallel interference cancellation (PIC) as a suboptimal multiuser detection (MUD) was employed after the matched filter (MF) receiver. The performance of the C-SDMA systems was evaluated in terms of bit error rate (BER) and user capacity, considering all the transmitted bits from other interferer users. Additionally, some asymptotic behaviour of the combined system was analyzed at high and low signal-to-noise and interference ratio (SNIR) for the desired user. Comparison between the pure CDMA and combined C-SDMA systems is done in terms of system performance with and without interference cancellation. By using limited number of available spreading codes, a novel code assignment algorithm is proposed to maintain the maximum orthogonality among users. These codes are stored in a central pool (BS) and maintained as follows. When a new user requests for a channel, the BS first checks the available signatures in terms of codes and Angle of Arrival (AoA); it then assigns the user with an already used code (used by other users) if they are spatially orthogonal to each other, otherwise an available new code will be assigned. If all codes are already utilized then the user will be blocked. Finally, the probability of blocking was evaluated in terms of various numbers of available codes. Matlab was used as the simulation software throughout this thesis. The results obtained showed that the combined C-SDMA system improve the performance by about 4 dB gain over the pure CDMA system at BER of 10-1. On the other hand the system gains 5 dB in the combined C-SDMA system with PIC receiver over the receiver without PIC at BER of 10-4. Hence, it is apparent that the combined C-SDMA system with PIC is able to accommodate more users than the other systems. Finally,the code assignment algorithm is able to further enhance the system capacity by utilizing the same resources compared to the fixed code assignment strategy. In this case, the probability of blocking can be decreased substantially by adding few numbers of additional spreading codes in the system

    Application of SDMA with scheduling for MIMO MC-CDMA

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    Incoming Beyond 3G systems provides high data rates by using several techniques including Beamforming. Convenient DRA design is required to optimize the capabilities offered by smart antennas. This paper is to presents a DRA algorithm based on the HSDPA of UMTS, including scheduling that exploit SDMA technique that was implemented in the ambit of the IST 4MORE project. Results shown cell throughput gain of SDMA compared to sectorized cells about 76%, and that SDMA gain will increase with user diversity within the cell
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