179 research outputs found
Proactive Detractor Detection Framework Based on Message-Wise Sentiment Analysis Over Customer Support Interactions
In this work, we propose a framework relying solely on chat-based customer
support (CS) interactions for predicting the recommendation decision of
individual users. For our case study, we analyzed a total number of 16.4k users
and 48.7k customer support conversations within the financial vertical of a
large e-commerce company in Latin America. Consequently, our main contributions
and objectives are to use Natural Language Processing (NLP) to assess and
predict the recommendation behavior where, in addition to using static
sentiment analysis, we exploit the predictive power of each user's sentiment
dynamics. Our results show that, with respective feature interpretability, it
is possible to predict the likelihood of a user to recommend a product or
service, based solely on the message-wise sentiment evolution of their CS
conversations in a fully automated way.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Already accepted at NeurIPS 2022,
LatinX in AI Worksho
Data-Driven Evaluation of In-Vehicle Information Systems
Today’s In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVISs) are featurerich systems that provide the driver with numerous options for entertainment, information, comfort, and communication. Drivers can stream their favorite songs, read reviews of nearby restaurants, or change the ambient lighting to their liking. To do so, they interact with large center stack touchscreens that have become the main interface between the driver and IVISs. To interact with these systems, drivers must take their eyes off the road which can impair their driving performance. This makes IVIS evaluation critical not only to meet customer needs but also to ensure road safety. The growing number of features, the distraction caused by large touchscreens, and the impact of driving automation on driver behavior pose significant challenges for the design and evaluation of IVISs. Traditionally, IVISs are evaluated qualitatively or through small-scale user studies using driving simulators. However, these methods are not scalable to the growing number of features and the variety of driving scenarios that influence driver interaction behavior. We argue that data-driven methods can be a viable solution to these challenges and can assist automotive User Experience (UX) experts in evaluating IVISs. Therefore, we need to understand how data-driven methods can facilitate the design and evaluation of IVISs, how large amounts of usage data need to be visualized, and how drivers allocate their visual attention when interacting with center stack touchscreens.
In Part I, we present the results of two empirical studies and create a comprehensive understanding of the role that data-driven methods currently play in the automotive UX design process. We found that automotive UX experts face two main conflicts: First, results from qualitative or small-scale empirical studies are often not valued in the decision-making process. Second, UX experts often do not have access to customer data and lack the means and tools to analyze it appropriately. As a result, design decisions are often not user-centered and are based on subjective judgments rather than evidence-based customer insights. Our results show that automotive UX experts need data-driven methods that leverage large amounts of telematics data collected from customer vehicles. They need tools to help them visualize and analyze customer usage data and computational methods to automatically evaluate IVIS designs.
In Part II, we present ICEBOAT, an interactive user behavior analysis tool for automotive user interfaces. ICEBOAT processes interaction data, driving data, and glance data, collected over-the-air from customer vehicles and visualizes it on different levels of granularity. Leveraging our multi-level user behavior analysis framework, it enables UX experts to effectively and efficiently evaluate driver interactions with touchscreen-based IVISs concerning performance and safety-related metrics.
In Part III, we investigate drivers’ multitasking behavior and visual attention allocation when interacting with center stack touchscreens while driving. We present the first naturalistic driving study to assess drivers’ tactical and operational self-regulation with center stack touchscreens. Our results show significant differences in drivers’ interaction and glance behavior in response to different levels of driving automation, vehicle speed, and road curvature. During automated driving, drivers perform more interactions per touchscreen sequence and increase the time spent looking at the center stack touchscreen. These results emphasize the importance of context-dependent driver distraction assessment of driver interactions with IVISs. Motivated by this we present a machine learning-based approach to predict and explain the visual demand of in-vehicle touchscreen interactions based on customer data. By predicting the visual demand of yet unseen touchscreen interactions, our method lays the foundation for automated data-driven evaluation of early-stage IVIS prototypes. The local and global explanations provide additional insights into how design artifacts and driving context affect drivers’ glance behavior.
Overall, this thesis identifies current shortcomings in the evaluation of IVISs and proposes novel solutions based on visual analytics and statistical and computational modeling that generate insights into driver interaction behavior and assist UX experts in making user-centered design decisions
View it in a different light: Mediated and moderated effects of dim warm light on collaborative conflict resolution
How can the physical environment, especially light, facilitate conflict resolution? Previous research has led to no clear answers about optimal lighting conditions in conflict situations and, until now, potential moderators and mediators have been scarcely investigated. Building on research on light-induced cooperativeness, we expected that self-oriented individuals would be influenced by the lighting in social situations such as conflict resolution. In self-oriented individuals, dim warm light should promote interdependent self-construal and, in turn, lead to a preference for collaborative conflict resolution strategies. Two studies confirmed our assumptions, with social dominance orientation and trait interdependent self-construal serving as indicators of individuals' social orientation. Overall, these results provide an explanation for inconsistent previous findings and contribute to the understanding of light-induced changes in social behavior. Limitations as well as practical implications for lighting design in social spaces are discussed
Casas partilhadas monetizadas: a experiência turÃstica e seus efeitos na autenticidade percebida, no apego ao destino e na lealdade
The emergence of the shared peer-to-peer accommodation (SP2PA) has
attracted the attention of practitioners and academics, given this new business
model’s increasing popularity amongst travellers. It is therefore suggested that
this type of accommodation can offer a differentiated, eventually more
authentic, experience to its guests, introducing new values and meanings to
the hospitality provided at destinations. To sustain this argument, it is
important to enhance the understanding of guest experiences while staying in
such a SP2PA, while also the impact of these new tourist behaviour patterns
on destinations is worthwhile exploring. Taking into account the relevance of
understanding the tourist experience associated with the SP2PA, this study
aims to gain theoretical and empirical understanding of the SP2PA guest
experience by proposing and testing a theoretical model that estimates the
relationships between the dimensions of the tourist experience (the SP2PA
guest experience) and the constructs of ‘destination attachment’, ‘perception of
authenticity’, ‘destination attitudinal loyalty’ and ‘SP2PA attitudinal loyalty’. To
achieve this goal, two complementary methodology stages were undertaken:
(i) an ‘exploratory qualitative approach’ by conducting focus group discussions
and passive netnography; and (ii) a ‘quantitative approach’ by applying a
survey to a convenience sample of SP2PA guests. Statistical analysis of data
used descriptive and inferential methods, with the Partial Least Squares (PLSSEM)
as the main method for testing the hypotheses. A total of 409 valid
responses were used to test the proposed conceptual model. Findings confirm
the ‘aesthetic’, ‘escape’, ‘entertainment’, ‘educative’, ‘affective’, ‘social
interaction’, and ‘sharing experience’ dimensions as appropriated dimensions
to analyse the SP2PA guest experience. Amongst these dimensions, the
‘educative’, ‘social interaction’, ‘aesthetics’, ‘sharing’, and ‘affective’ are, in this
order, the dimensions that most influence the SP2PA guest experience.
Regarding the influence of the SP2PA guest experience on the tourist
experience outcomes, this study demonstrates that this experience positively
influences the ‘perception of destination authenticity’ and ‘destination
attachment’ formation. In turn, destination attachment mediates the
relationship between the ‘SP2PA guest experience’ and ‘destination loyalty’,
while the SP2PA guest experience predicts the ‘SP2PA attitudinal loyalty’.
Besides, the ‘perception of authenticity’ positively influences ‘destination
attachment’ formation and ‘SP2PA attitudinal loyalty’. The results contribute to
the tourist experience theory by providing an empirically-based insight into its
dimensionality in the hospitality sharing economy context. This study also
provides an analytical framework to understand the effects of the SP2PA guest
experience on constructs such as the perception of authenticity, destination
attachment and tourist loyalty. Furthermore, results may help design management strategies for both SP2PA platforms and SP2PA hosts to
develop and implement an experience-oriented service strategy in order to
achieve a memorable experience for SP2PA guests and create positive future
behavioural intentions. Limitations of the study and suggestions for further
research complete the picture.O surgimento do alojamento partilhado pessoa para pessoa (SP2PA) tem
vindo a atrair a atenção de profissionais e acadêmicos uma vez que esse
novo modelo de negócio tem ganho crescente popularidade entre os
viajantes. Sugere-se, portanto, que esse tipo de alojamento ofereça aos seus
hóspedes uma experiência diferenciada, eventualmente mais autêntica,
introduzindo novos valores e significados à hospitalidade proporcionada nos
destinos. Para sustentar esse argumento, é importante melhorar a
compreensão das experiências dos hóspedes durante a permanência em um
SP2PA, ao mesmo tempo em que vale a pena explorar o impacto desses
novos padrões de comportamento turÃstico nos destinos. Tendo em vista a
relevância de compreender a experiência turÃstica associada ao SP2PA, este
estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver uma compreensão teórica e empÃrica
da experiência dos hóspedes no SP2PA, propondo e testando um modelo
teórico descritivo que estima as relações entre as dimensões da experiência
turÃstica (a experiência dos hóspedes no SP2PA) e os construtos de ‘apego
de destino', 'percepção de autenticidade', 'lealdade atitudinal ao destino' e
'lealdade atitudinal ao SP2PA'. Para atingir esse objetivo, duas etapas
metodológicas complementares foram realizadas: (i) uma "abordagem
exploratória qualitativa", conduzindo as técnicas de grupos focais e
netnografia passiva; e (ii) uma "abordagem quantitativa", administrando uma
pesquisa a uma amostra conveniente de hóspedes do SP2PA. A análise
estatÃstica dos dados utilizou métodos descritivos e inferenciais, sendo o
principal método para testar as hipóteses a modelagem de mÃnimos
quadrados parciais - PLS-SEM. Assim, 409 questionários foram utilizados
para testar o modelo conceitual proposto. Os resultados confirmam a
"estética", "escape", "entretenimento", "educativa", "afetiva", "interação social"
e "experiências de partilha" como dimensões apropriadas para analisar a
experiência dos hóspedes no SP2PA. Entre essas dimensões, "educativa",
"interação social", "estéticas", "partilha" e "afetivas" são, nessa ordem, as
dimensões que mais influenciam a experiência dos hóspedes no SP2PA. Com
relação à influência da experiência dos hóspedes no SP2PA nos resultados
analisados da experiência turÃstica, este estudo demonstra que a experiência
dos hóspedes no SP2PA influencia positivamente a ‘perceção da
autenticidade’ do destino" e a formação do ‘apego ao destino’. Por sua vez, o
‘apego ao destino’ media a relação entre a "experiência dos hóspedes do
SP2PA’ e a "lealdade ao destino", enquanto a experiência dos hóspedes do
SP2PA condiciona positivamente a “lealdade atitudinal ao SP2PA". Além
disso, a "perceção da autenticidade" influencia positivamente a formação do
"apego ao destino" e a "lealdade atitudinal ao SP2PA". Os resultados
contribuem para a teoria da experiência turÃstica, especificamente em
contexto de alojamento turÃstico partilhado, monetizado, fornecendo uma visão baseada empiricamente em sua dimensionalidade no contexto da
economia da partilha na hospitalidade. Este estudo também fornece uma
estrutura analÃtica para a compreensão dos efeitos da experiência dos
hóspedes no SP2PA em constructos como a perceção de autenticidade, o
apego ao destino e a lealdade do turista. Além disso, poderá auxiliar o
gerenciamento de plataformas SP2PA e aos anfitriões do SP2PA a
desenvolver e implementar uma estratégia de serviço orientada à experiência,
a fim de obter uma experiência memorável para os hóspedes no SP2PA e
criar intenções comportamentais futuras positivas. Limitações do estudo e
sugestões para futuras pesquisas completam o quadro.Programa Doutoral em Turism
Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021
This open access book is the proceedings of the International Federation for IT and Travel & Tourism (IFITT)’s 28th Annual International eTourism Conference, which assembles the latest research presented at the ENTER21@yourplace virtual conference January 19–22, 2021. This book advances the current knowledge base of information and communication technologies and tourism in the areas of social media and sharing economy, technology including AI-driven technologies, research related to destination management and innovations, COVID-19 repercussions, and others. Readers will find a wealth of state-of-the-art insights, ideas, and case studies on how information and communication technologies can be applied in travel and tourism as we encounter new opportunities and challenges in an unpredictable world
Characteristics of therapeutic alliance in musculoskeletal physiotherapy and occupational therapy practice: A scoping review of the literature
© 2017 The Author(s). Background: Most conventional treatment for musculoskeletal conditions continue to show moderate effects, prompting calls for ways to increase effectiveness, including drawing from strategies used across other health conditions. Therapeutic alliance refers to the relational processes at play in treatment which can act in combination or independently of specific interventions. Current evidence guiding the use of therapeutic alliance in health care arises largely from psychotherapy and medicine literature. The objective of this review was to map out the available literature on therapeutic alliance conceptual frameworks, themes, measures and determinants in musculoskeletal rehabilitation across physiotherapy and occupational therapy disciplines. Methods: A scoping review of the literature published in English since inception to July 2015 was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, PEDro, SportDISCUS, AMED, OTSeeker, AMED and the grey literature. A key search term strategy was employed using physiotherapy , occupational therapy , therapeutic alliance , and musculoskeletal to identify relevant studies. All searches were performed between December 2014 and July 2015 with an updated search on January 2017. Two investigators screened article title, abstract and full text review for articles meeting the inclusion criteria and extracted therapeutic alliance data and details of each study. Results: One hundred and thirty articles met the inclusion criteria including quantitative (33%), qualitative (39%), mixed methods (7%) and reviews and discussions (23%) and most data came from the USA (23%). Randomized trials and systematic reviews were 4.6 and 2.3% respectively. Low back pain condition (22%) and primary care (30.7%) were the most reported condition and setting respectively. One theory, 9 frameworks, 26 models, 8 themes and 42 subthemes of therapeutic alliance were identified. Twenty-six measures were identified; the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) was the most utilized measure (13%). Most of the therapeutic alliance themes extracted were from patient perspectives. The relationship between adherence and therapeutic alliance was examined by 26 articles of which 57% showed some correlation between therapeutic alliance and adherence. Age moderated the relationship between therapeutic alliance and adherence with younger individuals and an autonomy support environment reporting improved adherence. Prioritized goals, autonomy support and motivation were facilitators of therapeutic alliance. Conclusion: Therapeutic Alliance has been studied in a limited extent in the rehabilitation literature with conflicting frameworks and findings. Potential benefits described for enhancing therapeutic alliance might include better exercise adherence. Several knowledge gaps have been identified with a potential for generating future research priorities for therapeutic alliance in musculoskeletal rehabilitation
A cost-benefit analysis of pathways to work for new and repeat incapacity benefits claimants
This latest research forms part of a comprehensive independent evaluation of Pathways to Work. The report is based on a cost-benefit analysis conducted by a consortium of researchers from the Institute for Fiscal Studies, the University of Maryland, Baltimore County and the Policy Studies Institute. It examines whether the financial benefits from Pathways are larger or smaller than its costs and the generalisability of some of the quantitative findings. The estimates of costs and benefits relate to new and repeat incapacity benefits claimants in the seven original Jobcentre Plus districts. The overall findings provide a favourable impression of the financial benefits of the Pathways to Work for new and repeat incapacity benefits claimants, for the Exchequer and hence, for society as a whole
Marble melancholy: using crossmodal correspondences of shapes, materials, and music to predict music-induced emotions
Introduction: Music is known to elicit strong emotions in listeners, and, if primed appropriately, can give rise to specific and observable crossmodal correspondences. This study aimed to assess two primary objectives: (1) identifying crossmodal correspondences emerging from music-induced emotions, and (2) examining the predictability of music-induced emotions based on the association of music with visual shapes and materials.
Methods: To achieve this, 176 participants were asked to associate visual shapes and materials with the emotion classes of the Geneva Music-Induced Affect Checklist scale (GEMIAC) elicited by a set of musical excerpts in an online experiment.
Results: Our findings reveal that music-induced emotions and their underlying core affect (i.e., valence and arousal) can be accurately predicted by the joint information of musical excerpt and features of visual shapes and materials associated with these music-induced emotions. Interestingly, valence and arousal induced by music have higher predictability than discrete GEMIAC emotions.
Discussion: These results demonstrate the relevance of crossmodal correspondences in studying music-induced emotions. The potential applications of these findings in the fields of sensory interactions design, multisensory experiences and art, as well as digital and sensory marketing are briefly discussed.Peer Reviewe
Job-Saving Strategies: Worker Buyouts and QWL
This book probes the effectiveness of two job-saving strategies, worker buyouts and QWL (quality of worklife) programs, used to try to reverse the shutdown of a chain of supermarkets in Philadelphia.https://research.upjohn.org/up_press/1113/thumbnail.jp
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