Collaboration analysis of World National Library websites via webometric methods

This article aimed to study National Library Websites (NLW) using webometric methods. The in-links and co-links to national library websites were analyzed to study: firstly, the visibility of these National libraries on the web. Secondly, the collaboration on national and international level amongst the studied national libraries websites. This study found that according to the in-link count of 38 national library websites, 3 were extremely popular and we can call them the most visible national library websites as they come below: 1. United States of America (http://www.loc.gov); 2. Australia (http://www.nla.gov.au); 3. United Kingdom (http://www.bl.uk). The results of the study also showed that, there were 5 clusters (2 cross continental and 3 international) in the studied national library websites. On the other hand, the multidimensional scaling map showed 4 major collaboration clusters: 2 cross national (both European) and 2 international (European, Asian, American, Australian). African national library websites were not seen in these clusters. It means that, African national libraries have a little collaboration with others through their websites. However, due to the problems of search engines which are used for data collection in webometric studies, this method needs to be used with cautio

A webometric analysis of National Libraries’ websites in South Asia

The study analyses the number of web pages, link pages and calculates the Web Impact Factor i.e., Simple Web Impact Factor, Internal Link Web Impact Factor and External Link Web Impact Factor of National Libraries in South Asian countries and ranks the websites as per the WIF. The study used Open Site Explorer optimization tool and search engine for links. The result visualized that National Library of India leads with highest Domain Authority (15.27%) and Page Authority (14.48%), the National Library of Sri Lanka (88.65%) got the highest Internal Equity-Passing Links, National Library of India (84.96%) has the highest External Equity-Passing Links and Total Equity-Passing Links with 83.69%. The National Library of Sri Lanka has the highest (88.65%) Total Internal Links and National Library, India has the highest Total External Links (84.04%) and Total Links (82.80%). The Web Impact Factor of National Library of India is the highest followed by National Library of Sri Lanka and National Library of Bhutan among the other national libraries websites.

Collaboration analysis of World National Library websites via webometric methods

This article aimed to study National Library Websites (NLW) using webometric methods. The in-links and co-links to national library websites were analyzed to study: firstly, the visibility of these National libraries on the web. Secondly, the collaboration on national and international level amongst the studied national libraries websites. This study found that according to the in-link count of 38 national library websites, 3 were extremely popular and we can call them the most visible national library websites as they come below: 1. United States of America (http://www.loc.gov); 2. Australia (http://www.nla.gov.au); 3. United Kingdom (http://www.bl.uk). The results of the study also showed that, there were 5 clusters (2 cross continental and 3 international) in the studied national library websites. On the other hand, the multidimensional scaling map showed 4 major collaboration clusters: 2 cross national (both European) and 2 international (European, Asian, American, Australian). African national library websites were not seen in these clusters. It means that, African national libraries have a little collaboration with others through their websites. However, due to the problems of search engines which are used for data collection in webometric studies, this method needs to be used with cautio

Web Impact Factor and link analysis of Central University Websites of North Eastern States of India

This study was conducted to observe the websites of Ten Central Universities situated in the north-eastern states of India and find out the three different Web Impact Factors viz. Simple, Revived & External Web Impact Factors of the websites under study. This paper shows the status of those websites finding out different number of hyperlinks to and from the websites. The paper also shows how the numbers of webpages in a websites as compared to the number of different links plays huge role in the utility of the website

Applying the Full Protection and Security Standard of International Investment Law to Digital Assets

This article considers the possibility that digital assets of foreign investors such as websites and computer systems could be protected by the full protection and security (‘FPS’) standard common to many bilateral investment treaties. Such assets can properly be described as investments and the flexible nature of the FPS standard observed in recent arbitration practice could be extended to cover civil disturbances such as 'cyber attacks' against companies. The article considers host state liability with respect to the prevention of harm to digital assets as well as failure to enforce laws that prohibit it. The lack of governmental control over websites suggests that it would be difficult to ascribe state liability under an FPS clause, except possibly in situations of large scale internet infrastructure collapse. A duty to prosecute attacks against digital assets, while common to many jurisdictions and seen in international instruments, is inappropriate as an investment treaty claim because of difficulties in compensation. The FPS standard further appears to incorporate a degree of contextual proportionality linked to the host state’s resources and this may prevent successful claims against Developing States where many cyber attacks occur

Governance and the city : an empirical exploration into global determinants of urban performance

The authors contribute to the field of urban governance and globalization through an empirically-based exploration of determinants of the performance of cities. They construct a preliminary worldwide database for cities, containing variables and indicators of globalization (at the country and city level), city governance, city performance (access and quality of infrastructure service delivery), as well as other relevant city characteristics. This city database, encompassing hundreds of cities worldwide, integrates existing data with new data gathered for this research. The findings suggest that good governance and globalization (at both the country and city level) do matter for city-level performance in terms of access and quality of delivery of infrastructure services. The authors also find that globalization and good city governance are significantly related with each other. Furthermore, the evidence suggests that there are complex interactions between technology choices, governance, and city performance, as well as evidence of a nonlinear (U-shaped) relationship between city size and performance, challenging the view that very large cities necessarily exhibit lower performance and pointing instead to potential agglomeration economies. The framework also suggests a way of bridging two seemingly competing strands of the literature, namely viewing the city as a place or as an outcome. The authors conclude by pointing to the need for expanding the database and the econometric framework, and suggest research directions and policy implications emerging from this initial investigation on governance and the city.City Development Strategies,Governance Indicators,Municipal Financial Management,ICT Policy and Strategies,National Governance

Perception toward Website Quality and Service Quality among Online Shoppers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the level of website quality and service quality of online shoppers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 2) to compare differences in perception of website quality and service quality by gender, age, and income of online shoppers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample group used in this study was 281 online shoppers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Simple random sampling was used, and data were collected using questionnaires. The statistics used included the frequency, percentage, standard deviation, t-test, and One Way ANOVA. The results showed that the majority of respondents were 188 (66.9%) females, aged 21 to 29 (38.1%), and 109 (38.8%) students. The level of perceptions of website quality among online shoppers during the COVID-19 pandemic was found at the highest level (x ̅ = 4.35), and the level of perceptions about the service quality of online shoppers during the COVID-19 pandemic was found at a high level (x ̅ = 4.15). The comparison results showed that respondents with different gender perceived no difference in the level of website quality and service quality. Respondents with different income levels perceived no difference in the level of website quality. Respondents of different ages had different perceptions of website quality and service quality. And the respondents with different income levels had a different perception of service quality.Keywords: online shopping, website quality, service quality, Covid-1

Ranking forestry journals using the h-index

An expert ranking of forestry journals was compared with journal impact factors and h-indices computed from the ISI Web of Science and internet-based data. Citations reported by Google Scholar appear to offer the most efficient way to rank all journals objectively, in a manner consistent with other indicators. This h-index exhibited a high correlation with the journal impact factor (r=0.92), but is not confined to journals selected by any particular commercial provider. A ranking of 180 forestry journals is presented, on the basis of this index.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables. New table added in response to reviewer comment