10 research outputs found
Deliverable D2.7 Final Linked Media Layer and Evaluation
This deliverable presents the evaluation of content annotation and content enrichment systems that are part of the final tool set developed within the LinkedTV consortium. The evaluations were performed on both the Linked News and Linked Culture trial content, as well as on other content annotated for this purpose. The evaluation spans three languages: German (Linked News), Dutch (Linked Culture) and English. Selected algorithms and tools were also subject to benchmarking in two international contests: MediaEval 2014 and TAC’14. Additionally, the Microposts 2015 NEEL Challenge is being organized with the support of LinkedTV
Spoken content retrieval beyond pipeline integration of automatic speech recognition and information retrieval
The dramatic increase in the creation of multimedia content is leading to the development of large archives in which a substantial amount of the information is in spoken form. Efficient access to this information requires effective spoken content retrieval (SCR) methods. Traditionally, SCR systems have focused on a pipeline integration of two fundamental technologies: transcription using automatic speech recognition (ASR) and search supported using text-based information retrieval (IR).
Existing SCR approaches estimate the relevance of a spoken retrieval item based on the lexical overlap between a user’s query and the textual transcriptions of the items. However, the speech signal contains other potentially valuable non-lexical information that remains largely unexploited by SCR approaches. Particularly, acoustic correlates of speech prosody, that have been shown useful to identify salient words and determine topic changes, have not been exploited by existing SCR approaches.
In addition, the temporal nature of multimedia content means that accessing content is a user intensive, time consuming process. In order to minimise user effort in locating relevant content, SCR systems could suggest playback points in retrieved content indicating the locations where the system believes relevant information may be found. This typically requires adopting a segmentation mechanism for splitting documents into smaller “elements” to be ranked and from which suitable playback points could be selected. Existing segmentation approaches do not generalise well to every possible information need or provide robustness to ASR errors.
This thesis extends SCR beyond the standard ASR and IR pipeline approach by: (i) exploring the utilisation of prosodic information as complementary evidence of topical relevance to enhance current SCR approaches; (ii) determining elements of content that, when retrieved, minimise user search effort and provide increased robustness to ASR errors; and (iii) developing enhanced evaluation measures that could better capture the factors that affect user satisfaction in SCR
Analýza střední angličtiny online: Tvorba a využití databáze spellingových variant založené na LAEME
Práce se zabývá sestavením a testováním webového nástroje na analýzu textů v rané střední angličtině, vytvořeného z dat dostupných v Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English (LAEME). Jako základ pro návrh nástroje slouží úvodní teoretický přehled o historicko-lingvistickém výzkumu středoanglických textů, se zaměřením na nářečí a vztahy mezi psaným a mluveným jazykem. Práce dále podrobně vysvětluje metodologii tvorby nástroje, přičemž postupuje od struktury databáze, do níž byla data z LAEME převedena k poloautomatickému procesu zpracování dat a výstupním datům. Zpracování dat spočívalo především v segmentaci jednotlivých variant slov na menší úseky a určení, které segmenty si vzájemně odpovídají. Následně jsou popsány jednotlivé uživatelské funkce nástroje a jejich použití je vyzkoušeno na krátkých analýzách. Třebaže nástroj vyžaduje rozsáhlejší testování a úpravy, dosavadní testování nebyly objeveny závažnější chyby a nástroj lze označit za použitelný. Podařilo se otevřít nové možnosti (rychlejšího) přístupu k datům z LAEME a nástroj je navíc otevřen možnostem dalšího rozšíření, včetně přidávání zápisových variant slov z dalších období vývoje angličtiny.The present thesis deals with the construction and testing of a web-based tool for analysis of Early Middle English texts, created from the data available in the Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English (LAEME). The introductory theoretical overview of research into Middle English texts focuses on dialectology and the relation between spoken & written language and it serves as a springboard for the development of the tool. The thesis further presents a detailed explanation of the methodology behind the tool. It describes the structure of the database containing the transformed data from LAEME and then it moves on to the semi-automatic data processing and types of output data. This processing consists mainly in the segmentation of LAEME spelling variants into smaller units and in determining which segments in a group of variants correspond to one another. The thesis also describes the individual functions available within the tool and tests their use on short sample analyses. Although more extensive testing and modifications of the tool are required, it has so far revealed no crucial errors and the tool can be described as useable. The project succeeded in opening new possibilities of faster access to LAEME data. Furthermore, the tool is prepared for future upgrades, including the addition of data...Department of the English Language and ELT MethodologyÚstav anglického jazyka a didaktikyFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art
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Bhakti Religion and Tantric Magic in Mughal India: Kacchvahas, Ramanandis, and Naths, circa 1500-1700
This dissertation sheds new light on the nature and development of Hindu devotional religiosity (bhakti) by drawing attention to bhakti's understudied historical relationships with Tantra, Yoga, and Sufism. Specifically, this thesis explains the phenomenal rise of bhakti in early modern north India as a process of identity and community formation fundamentally connected to Sufi-inflected critiques of tantric and yogic religiosity. With the advent of the Mughal Empire in the sixteenth century, new alliances--most notably Akbar's with the Kacchvaha royal clan of Amer--led to the development of a joint Mughal-Rajput court culture and religio-political idiom in which Vaishnava bhakti institutional forms became key symbols of power and deportment, and thus bhakti communities became beneficiaries of extensive patronage. Through a study of the life and works of the important but little-known bhakti poet-saint Agradas, this thesis offers insight into how these bhakti communities competed for patronage and followers. If the rise of bhakti was inseparable from Mughal socio-political developments, it was also contingent upon the successful formation of a new bhakti identity. This thesis centers on the Ramanandi community at Galta, comparing them with the Nath yogis to show the development of this bhakti identity, one defined especially in opposition to the "other" of the tantric yogi and shakta. It also contributes a broad study of early modern bhakti poetry and hagiography demonstrating the rise of new, Sufi-inflected, exclusivist bhakti attitudes that stigmatized key aspects of tantric and yogic religiosity, and that therein prefigured orientalist-colonialist depictions of bhakti as "religion" and Tantra as "magic.
Diarrhoea, Dysentery, and the Clap: Connecting the Military Lifestyle to Literary & Skeletal Evidence of Reactive Arthropathy Induced by Bacterial Infections
Military combatants are frequently exposed to physical exertion, sleep deprivation, deficient diets, and stress, which can all reduce the immune system’s ability to ward off infections. Making matters worse, combatants frequently inhabit overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions, which allow bacteria to thrive. As a result of these circumstances, the military lifestyle is associated with increased exposure and susceptibility to infectious diseases. This explains why epidemics are extremely common during times of war, especially in pre-twentieth century conflicts. Though military infectious diseases have been the topic of much research, bioarchaeological contributions have been limited, as most infectious diseases do not cause direct skeletal changes. For example, diarrhoea, dysentery, gonorrhea, and tonsillitis do not cause skeletal changes, but all are known to have been common among historical combatants. Though direct skeletal changes are not produced, the pathogenic bacteria causing these ailments can trigger reactive arthropathies (arthritic conditions caused by microbial infections), which includes the Spondyloarthropathies. Spondyloarthropathies cause skeletal changes and can be observed in archaeological remains. As such, the present research has chosen to explore the potential consequences of military infectious disease by answering the following question: were reactive arthropathies an occupational hazard to past military combatants? This question is answered through two methods. First, historical research methods were employed to investigate the primary research question and to provide a detailed medical history of the emblematic example of reactive arthropathy, Reactive Arthritis. Secondly, a palaeoepidemiological study was designed and implemented to understand the prevalence of reactive pathology in military skeletal assemblages; this is a novel bioarchaeological means of understanding the potential impact of military infectious diseases
Behind the Image, Beyond the Image
The volume includes papers presented at the III International Conference of PhD students of the Department of Philosophy and Cultural Heritage of Ca’ Foscari University of Venice and the State Institute for Art Studies of Moscow (Venice, 22-24 September 2021). The word ‘image’ derives from the Latin imago, a word that has many different meanings that go from ‘portrait’ to ‘ghost’, from ‘idea’ to ‘dream’, from ‘memory’ to ‘reflection’. We most commonly associate the word ‘image’ with a picture, but its etymology keeps reminding us of its infinite conceptual potential. In his famous book Behind the Image: The Art of Reading Paintings, Federico Zeri argues that there are infinite ways to observe the work of art as an image. But since the image is something that goes beyond its mere material and physical form and refers to the categories of perception and thought, the expression “beyond the image” encourages new formulations related to this polyvalent concept. The image, the imagination and the imaginable are the transversal categories that the papers collected in this volume aim to explore, inquiring the concept of image as a metaphor, a model, a method, a representation, a tool for a new understanding of reality
Illuminierte Urkunden. Beiträge aus Diplomatik, Kunstgeschichte und Digital Humanities / Illuminated Charters. Essays from Diplomatic, Art History and Digital Humanities
Illuminated documents have long been treated as research stepchildren. Not least because of the use of digital aids, they have increasingly come into the public eye in the past decade. The newly awakened research interest focuses on the changed performativity of certificates through the addition of decorative elements. The richly illustrated volume presents essays by researchers from eleven countries who examine illuminated certificates from different perspectives of their disciplines