57 research outputs found

    Foot Deformity and Bone Strength in Charcot Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy

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    Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy: CN) is characterized by progressive degradation of bones and joints in a denervated, inflamed foot and ankle. Diabetes mellitus: DM) and peripheral neuropathy: PN) are the most common precursors of CN, which can lead to pedal fracture, subluxation, and dislocation. Bone injury and subtle articular damage characteristic of incipient CN are difficult to visualize with planar radiographs. As a result, CN often progresses until more serious, clinically obvious events occur, contributing to increased risk of ulceration, infection, amputation, and death. The overall purpose of this research was to develop methods using volumetric quantitative computed tomography: vQCT) to assess foot bone strength and foot deformity, in order to provide improved indices of CN onset and progression. Aim 1 describes the development of methods to assess bone mineral density: BMD) and geometric bone strength indices in human metatarsals, as well as an ex vivo validation of ultimate loading strength using cadaver samples. Results in Aim 1 showed that BMD and indices of compressive, bending, and buckling strength were strong correlates of metatarsal ultimate strength. Aim 2 provides group comparisons of vQCT-derived bone strength indices between CN and non-CN individuals, with results showing large decrements in BMD in individuals with CN, though no group differences were found for geometric strength indices. Aim 3 presents method development and reliability assessment of novel 3D techniques to assess foot deformities using bone surface atlases of the tarsal and metatarsal bones, with results suggesting that an automated, template-based method can provide equivalent measurement precision to expert testers. In Aim 4, vQCT-derived, 3D foot deformity measures were compared between CN and non-CN individuals; results showed significant alterations in bone-to-bone orientations that corroborate sagittal plane measurements from X-rays and also provide novel deformity measures that cannot be made using uni-planar X-rays. This dissertation research, completed under the direction of an interdisciplinary team of physical therapists, biomedical engineers, radiologists, and orthopedic surgeons, provides new information regarding bone strength and foot deformities in Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy. Most importantly, the tools developed in the course of this research have potential utility for future research to understand the pathophysiological pathways linking diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, foot deformities, and the development and progression of Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy

    15th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists, Munich, Germany

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    Book of Abstracts 15th International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering and 3rd Conference on Imaging and Visualization

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    In this edition, the two events will run together as a single conference, highlighting the strong connection with the Taylor & Francis journals: Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering (John Middleton and Christopher Jacobs, Eds.) and Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging and Visualization (JoãoManuel R.S. Tavares, Ed.). The conference has become a major international meeting on computational biomechanics, imaging andvisualization. In this edition, the main program includes 212 presentations. In addition, sixteen renowned researchers will give plenary keynotes, addressing current challenges in computational biomechanics and biomedical imaging. In Lisbon, for the first time, a session dedicated to award the winner of the Best Paper in CMBBE Journal will take place. We believe that CMBBE2018 will have a strong impact on the development of computational biomechanics and biomedical imaging and visualization, identifying emerging areas of research and promoting the collaboration and networking between participants. This impact is evidenced through the well-known research groups, commercial companies and scientific organizations, who continue to support and sponsor the CMBBE meeting series. In fact, the conference is enriched with five workshops on specific scientific topics and commercial software.info:eu-repo/semantics/draf

    Injury and Skeletal Biomechanics

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    This book covers many aspects of Injury and Skeletal Biomechanics. As the title represents, the aspects of force, motion, kinetics, kinematics, deformation, stress and strain are examined in a range of topics such as human muscles and skeleton, gait, injury and risk assessment under given situations. Topics range from image processing to articular cartilage biomechanical behavior, gait behavior under different scenarios, and training, to musculoskeletal and injury biomechanics modeling and risk assessment to motion preservation. This book, together with "Human Musculoskeletal Biomechanics", is available for free download to students and instructors who may find it suitable to develop new graduate level courses and undergraduate teaching in biomechanics
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