940 research outputs found
Joint multi-objective MEH selection and traffic path computation in 5G-MEC systems
Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is an emerging technology that allows to reduce the service latency and traffic congestion and to enable cloud offloading and context awareness. MEC consists in deploying computing devices, called MEC Hosts (MEHs), close to the user. Given the mobility of the user, several problems rise. The first problem is to select a MEH to run the service requested by the user. Another problem is to select the path to steer the traffic from the user to the selected MEH. The paper jointly addresses these two problems. First, the paper proposes a procedure to create a graph that is able to capture both network-layer and application-layer performance. Then, the proposed graph is used to apply the Multi-objective Dijkstra Algorithm (MDA), a technique used for multi-objective optimization problems, in order to find solutions to the addressed problems by simultaneously considering different performance metrics and constraints. To evaluate the performance of MDA, the paper implements a testbed based on AdvantEDGE and Kubernetes to migrate a VideoLAN application between two MEHs. A controller has been realized to integrate MDA with the 5G-MEC system in the testbed. The results show that MDA is able to perform the migration with a limited impact on the network performance and user experience. The lack of migration would instead lead to a severe reduction of the user experience.publishedVersio
Investigating the Effects of Network Dynamics on Quality of Delivery Prediction and Monitoring for Video Delivery Networks
Video streaming over the Internet requires an optimized delivery system given the advances in network architecture, for example, Software Defined Networks. Machine Learning (ML) models have been deployed in an attempt to predict the quality of the video streams. Some of these efforts have considered the prediction of Quality of Delivery (QoD) metrics of the video stream in an effort to measure the quality of the video stream from the network perspective. In most cases, these models have either treated the ML algorithms as black-boxes or failed to capture the network dynamics of the associated video streams.
This PhD investigates the effects of network dynamics in QoD prediction using ML techniques. The hypothesis that this thesis investigates is that ML techniques that model the underlying network dynamics achieve accurate QoD and video quality predictions and measurements. The thesis results demonstrate that the proposed techniques offer performance gains over approaches that fail to consider network dynamics. This thesis results highlight that adopting the correct model by modelling the dynamics of the network infrastructure is crucial to the accuracy of the ML predictions. These results are significant as they demonstrate that improved performance is achieved at no additional computational or storage cost. These techniques can help the network manager, data center operatives and video service providers take proactive and corrective actions for improved network efficiency and effectiveness
Design and Implementation of HD Wireless Video Transmission System Based on Millimeter Wave
With the improvement of optical fiber communication network construction and the improvement of camera technology, the video that the terminal can receive becomes clearer, with resolution up to 4K. Although optical fiber communication has high bandwidth and fast transmission speed, it is not the best solution for indoor short-distance video transmission in terms of cost, laying difficulty and speed.
In this context, this thesis proposes to design and implement a multi-channel wireless HD video transmission system with high transmission performance by using the 60GHz millimeter wave technology, aiming to improve the bandwidth from optical nodes to wireless terminals and improve the quality of video transmission. This thesis mainly covers the following parts:
(1) This thesis implements wireless video transmission algorithm, which is divided into wireless transmission algorithm and video transmission algorithm, such as 64QAM modulation and demodulation algorithm, H.264 video algorithm and YUV420P algorithm.
(2) This thesis designs the hardware of wireless HD video transmission system, including network processing unit (NPU) and millimeter wave module. Millimeter wave module uses RWM6050 baseband chip and TRX-BF01 rf chip. This thesis will design the corresponding hardware circuit based on the above chip, such as 10Gb/s network port, PCIE.
(3) This thesis realizes the software design of wireless HD video transmission system, selects FFmpeg and Nginx to build the sending platform of video transmission system on NPU, and realizes video multiplex transmission with Docker. On the receiving platform of video transmission, FFmpeg and Qt are selected to realize video decoding, and OpenGL is combined to realize video playback.
(4) Finally, the thesis completed the wireless HD video transmission system test, including pressure test, Web test and application scenario test. It has been verified that its HD video wireless transmission system can transmit HD VR video with three-channel bit rate of 1.2GB /s, and its rate can reach up to 3.7GB /s, which meets the research goal
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Sonic heritage: listening to the past
History is so often told through objects, images and photographs, but the potential of sounds to reveal place and space is often neglected. Our research project ‘Sonic Palimpsest’1 explores the potential of sound to evoke impressions and new understandings of the past, to embrace the sonic as a tool to understand what was, in a way that can complement and add to our predominant visual understandings. Our work includes the expansion of the Oral History archives held at Chatham Dockyard to include women’s voices and experiences, and the creation of sonic works to engage the public with their heritage. Our research highlights the social and cultural value of oral history and field recordings in the transmission of knowledge to both researchers and the public. Together these recordings document how buildings and spaces within the dockyard were used and experienced by those who worked there. We can begin to understand the social and cultural roles of these buildings within the community, both past and present
Interdisciplinarity in the Age of the Triple Helix: a Film Practitioner's Perspective
This integrative chapter contextualises my research including articles I have published as well as one of the creative artefacts developed from it, the feature film The Knife That Killed Me. I review my work considering the ways in which technology, industry methods and academic practice have evolved as well as how attitudes to interdisciplinarity have changed, linking these to Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff’s ‘Triple Helix’ model (1995). I explore my own experiences and observations of opportunities and challenges that have been posed by the intersection of different stakeholder needs and expectations, both from industry and academic perspectives, and argue that my work provides novel examples of the applicability of the ‘Triple Helix’ to the creative industries. The chapter concludes with a reflection on the evolution and direction of my work, the relevance of the ‘Triple Helix’ to creative practice, and ways in which this relationship could be investigated further
Application and Prospect of Telesurgery: The Role of Artificial Intelligence
Remote surgery refers to a new surgical mode in which doctors operate on patients with the help of surgical robots, network technology, and virtual reality technology. These robots are located far away from patients. The remote surgical robot system integrates key technologies such as robot, communication technology, remote control technology, space mapping algorithm, and fault tolerance analysis. Apply a variety of emerging networking modes such as 5G, optical fiber private network, fusion network technology, and deterministic network to realize the motion of the subordinate surgical robot and the vision of the main knife, and ensure stable signal transmission and safe remote operation. The development and application of remote surgical robots has become a new trend, which helps to break the barriers of unbalanced regional medical resource allocation, promote the rational allocation of high-quality medical resources, and solve the telemedicine problems in special areas and special circumstances. The development prospect is broad. In the future, relying on the 5G network technology with high speed, low power consumption, and low latency, remote surgery can operate more efficiently and stably, and the surgical robot will also develop toward a more portable and flexible direction, so as to better serve patients
Technologies of information transmission and processing
Сборник содержит статьи, тематика которых посвящена научно-теоретическим разработкам в области сетей телекоммуникаций, информационной безопасности, технологий передачи и обработки информации. Предназначен для научных сотрудников в области инфокоммуникаций, преподавателей, аспирантов, магистрантов и студентов технических вузов
METROPOLITAN ENCHANTMENT AND DISENCHANTMENT. METROPOLITAN ANTHROPOLOGY FOR THE CONTEMPORARY LIVING MAP CONSTRUCTION
We can no longer interpret the contemporary metropolis as we did in the last century. The thought of civil economy regarding the contemporary Metropolis conflicts more or less radically with the merely acquisitive dimension of the behaviour of its citizens. What is needed is therefore a new capacity for
imagining the economic-productive future of the city: hybrid social enterprises, economically sustainable, structured and capable of using technologies, could be a solution for producing value and distributing it fairly and inclusively.
Metropolitan Urbanity is another issue to establish. Metropolis needs new spaces where inclusion can occur, and where a repository of the imagery can be recreated. What is the ontology behind the technique of metropolitan planning and management, its vision and its symbols? Competitiveness,
speed, and meritocracy are political words, not technical ones. Metropolitan Urbanity is the characteristic of a polis that expresses itself in its public places. Today, however, public places are private ones that are destined for public use. The Common Good has always had a space of representation in the city, which was the public space. Today, the Green-Grey Infrastructure is the metropolitan city's monument that communicates a value for future generations and must therefore be recognised and imagined; it is the production of the metropolitan symbolic imagery, the new magic of the city
Video Conferencing: Infrastructures, Practices, Aesthetics
The COVID-19 pandemic has reorganized existing methods of exchange, turning comparatively marginal technologies into the new normal. Multipoint videoconferencing in particular has become a favored means for web-based forms of remote communication and collaboration without physical copresence. Taking the recent mainstreaming of videoconferencing as its point of departure, this anthology examines the complex mediality of this new form of social interaction. Connecting theoretical reflection with material case studies, the contributors question practices, politics and aesthetics of videoconferencing and the specific meanings it acquires in different historical, cultural and social contexts
Point-to-Multipoint Services on Fifth-Generation Mobile Networks
[ES] Esta disertación cubre el estado del arte en LTE eMBMS Release 14, también conocido como Enhanced Television Services (ENTV). ENTV trajo un conjunto de mejoras, tanto a nivel radio como a nivel de núcleo, que transformó a eMBMS en un estándar de televisión terrestre completo. La última versión de esta tecnología se denomina LTE-based 5G Broadcast; pero no usa New Radio ni el núcleo 5G. Para proveer una solución nativa 5G de servicios punto-a-multipunto, hubo investigación en entornos acad\'emicos y colaboraciones público-privada. La iniciativa más notable en este aspecto fue el proyecto del Horizon 2020 5G-Xcast, que transcurrió de 2017 a 2019. 5G-Xcast produjo varias soluciones a nivel de arquitectura, desde la perspectiva de provisión de contenidos, nuevas funciones de red interoperables con el núcleo 5G, hasta modificaciones a la interfaz aire basada en New Radio. Los hallazgos del proyecto están descritos en esta tesis. La tesis incluye dos ejemplos de eMBMS aplicados a verticales diferentes, una para el uso de eMBMS en entornos industriales, y otra presentando eMBMS como un sistema SAP.
Incluir servicios punto-a-multipunto como un modo adicional celular trae algunos desafíos, como ya mostró la estandarización de eMBMS: las redes de radiodifusión terrestre y las redes celulares son muy distintas entre ellas. Encontrar una forma de onda viable para ambas infraestructuras es complejo. Esta tesis ofrece un punto de vista distinto al problema: un escenario de colaboración entre cadenas televisivas y operadores móviles, donde la infraestructura de radiodifusión y móvil son compartidas. Este concepto se ha definido como Convergence of Terrestrial and Mobile Networks. Las tecnologías elegidas para converger son ATSC 3.0 y 5G, usando el Advanced Traffic Steering, Switching and Splitting (ATSSS). ATSSS está compuesto de una serie de procedimientos, interfaces, funciones de red, para permitir el uso compartido de un acceso 3GPP con uno non-3GPP, como Wi-Fi. Sin embargo, el uso de ATSSS para juntar radiodifusión y celular no es trivial, ya que ATSSS no fue dise\~{n}ado para enlaces radio unidireccionales como ATSC 3.0. Estas limitaciones son descritas en detalle, y una propuesta para solventarlas tambi\'en está incluida. La solución se basa en Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC), y se usa como ejemplo para la provisión de Convergent Services (File Repair y Video Offloading).
La tesis concluye con una descripción de Release 17 5MBS, con los nuevos conceptos introducidos. 5MBS es capaz de cambiar entre unicast, multicast y broadcast; dependiendo del servicio, la ubicación geográfica de los usuarios, y las capacidades de la infraestructura móvil involucradas. Para evaluar 5MBS, se ha realizado un estudio de prestaciones, basado en comunicaciones multicast dentro del núcleo de red 5G. Este prototipo 5MBS forma parte del laboratorio VLC Campus 5G, y utiliza el software comercial Open5GCore como base del desarrollo. El modelo de sistema para la experimentación esta formado por un servidor de vídeo, que se conecta al Open5GCore y a las funciones de red mejoradas con funcionalidades 5MBS. Estas funciones de red envían el contenido mediante punto-a-multipunto a un entorno radio y terminales simulados. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan el objetivo principal de la tesis: las comunicaciones punto-a-multipunto son una solución escalable para el envío de contenido multimedia en directo.[CA] Aquesta dissertació cobreix capdavanter en LTE eMBMS Release 14, també
conegut com Enhanced Television Services (ENTV). ENTV va portar un conjunt
de millores, tant a nivell de ràdio com a nivell de nucli, que va transformar el eMBMS en un estàndard de televisió terrestre complet. La última
versió d'aquesta tecnologia es denomina LTE-based 5G Broadcast; però no fa servir
New Ràdio ni el nucli 5G. Per a proveir una solució nativa 5G de serveis punt-a-multipunt, va haver-hi investigació en entorns acadèmics i col·laboracions
pública i privada. La iniciativa més notable en aquest aspecte va ser el projecte
del Horizon 2020 5G-Xcast, que va transcórrer del 2017 a 2019. 5G-Xcast va produir
diverses solucions a nivell d'arquitectura, des de la perspectiva de provisió de
continguts, noves funcions de xarxa interoperables amb el nucli 5G, fins a modificacions
a la interfície aire basada en New Radio. Les troballes del projecte
estan descrits en aquesta tesi. La tesi inclou dos exemples de eMBMS aplicats
a verticals diferents, una per a l'ús de eMBMS en entorns industrials, i
una altra presentant eMBMS com un sistema SAP.
Incloure serveis punt-a-multipunt com una manera addicional cel·lular duu
alguns desafiaments, com ja va mostrar l'estandardització de eMBMS: les xarxes de
radiodifusió terrestre i les xarxes cel·lulars són molt diferents entre elles. Trobar
una forma d'ona viable per a totes dues infraestructures és complex.
Aquesta tesi ofereix un punt de vista diferent al problema: un escenari de col·laboració entre cadenes televisives i operadors mòbils, on la infraestructura
de radiodifusió i mòbil són compartides. Aquest concepte s'ha definit com
Convergence of Terrestrial and Mobile Networks. Les tecnologies triades per a
convergir són ATSC 3.0 i 5G, usant el Advanced Traffic Steering, Switching
and Splitting (ATSSS). ATSSS està compost d'una sèrie de procediments,
interfícies, funcions de xarxa, per a permetre l'ús compartit d'un accés
3GPP amb un non-3GPP, com a Wi-Fi. No obstant això, l'ús de ATSSS per a
adjuntar radiodifusió i cel·lular no és trivial, ja que ATSSS no va ser dissenyada
per a per a enllaços ràdio unidireccionals com ATSC 3.0. Aquestes limitacions són
descrites detalladament, i una proposta per a solucionar-les també està inclosa.
La solució es basa en Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC), i s'usa
com a exemple per a la provisió de Convergent Services (File Repair i Vídeo
Offloading).
La tesi conclou amb una descripció de Release 17 5MBS, amb els nous
conceptes introduïts. 5MBS és capaç de canviar entre unicast, multicast i
broadcast; depenent del servei, la ubicació geogràfica dels usuaris, i
les capacitats de la infraestructura mòbil involucrades. Per a avaluar 5MBS,
s'ha realitzat un estudi de prestacions, basat en comunicacions multicast
dins del nucli de xarxa 5G. Aquest prototip 5MBS forma part del laboratori
VLC Campus 5G, i utilitza el programari comercial Open5GCore com a base
del desenvolupament. El model de sistema per a l'experimentació està format
per un servidor de vídeo, que es connecta al Open5GCore i a les funcions
de xarxa millorades amb funcionalitats 5MBS. Aquestes funcions de xarxa envien el
contingut mitjançant punt-a-multipunt a un entorn ràdio i terminals simulats.
Els resultats obtinguts ressalten l'objectiu principal de la tesi: les
comunicacions punt-a-multipunt són una solució escalable per a l'enviament
de contingut multimèdia en directe.[EN] This dissertation covers the state-of-the-art in LTE eMBMS Release 14, also known as Enhanced Television Services (ENTV). ENTV provided a suite of radio and core enhancements that made eMBMS into a viable terrestrial broadcast standard. The latest iteration of this technology is known as LTE-based 5G Broadcast; even though it is not New Radio or 5G Core based. To bridge this gap, research efforts by academia, public and private enterprises evaluated how to provide a 5G-based solution for point-to-multipoint services. The most notable effort in this regard is the Horizon 2020 project 5G-Xcast, which ran from 2017 to 2019. 5G-Xcast provided several architectural solutions, from the content delivery perspective down to air interface specifics; providing new waveforms based on New Radio and Network Functions interoperable with a Release 15 5G Core. The findings are summarized in this thesis. Two examples of eMBMS applied to different verticals are included in the thesis, one for the use of eMBMS in industrial environments, and the other using eMBMS as a PWS technology.
Providing point-to-multipoint services as another cellular service poses some problems, as the standardization process of eMBMS showed: the broadcast infrastructure is different than the cellular one. Having a waveform that is suited for both scenarios is a difficult endeavour. The thesis provides a new perspective into this problem: Having existing Terrestrial Broadcast standards and infrastructure be the point-to-multipoint solution of 5G, where mobile operators and broadcasters collaborate together. This is defined in the dissertation as Convergence of Terrestrial and Mobile Networks. The technologies chosen to be converged together were ATSC 3.0 and 5G; using the existing Release 16 framework known as Advanced Traffic Steering, Switching and Splitting (ATSSS). ATSSS is a series of procedures, interfaces, new Network Functions, to allow the joint use of a 3GPP Access Network alongside a non-3GPP one, like Wi-Fi. However, the use of ATSSS for cellular plus broadcast brings challenges, as the ATSSS technology was not designed to be used with a unidirectional access network like ATSC 3.0. These limitations are described in detail, and an architectural proposal that overcomes the limitations is proposed. This solution is based on Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC), and how to provide Convergent Services (i.e File Repair and Video Offloading) is shown.
The thesis concludes with a description of Release 17 5MBS, including the new concepts introduced. 5MBS features the capacity of switching between unicast, multicast and broadcast; depending on the service addressed, the geographical location of the users, and the capability of the RAN infrastructure targeted. In order to evaluate 5MBS, a performance study of the use of multicast inside the 5G Core has been carried out. The 5MBS prototype was developed as part of the VLC Campus 5G laboratory, using the commercial software Open5GCore which provides the libraries and Network Functions to deploy your own 5G Private Network in testing environments. The system model of the experiment is formed by a video server, connected to the Open5GCore and the 5MBS enhanced functions; which will deliver the content to an emulated RAN environment hosting virtual gNBs and devices. The results obtained reinforce the objective of the thesis, positioning point-to-multipoint as a scalable way to deliver live content.Research projects: 5G-Xcast: Broadcast and Multicast Communication Enablers for the
Fifth-Generation of Wireless Systems (H2020 No 761498); 5G-TOURS: SmarT mObility, media and e-health for toURists and citizenS (H2020 No 856950); FUDGE-5G: FUlly DisinteGrated private nEtworks for 5G verticals (H2020 No 957242).Barjau Estevan, CS. (2022). Point-to-Multipoint Services on Fifth-Generation Mobile Networks [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/19140
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