3,601 research outputs found
Towards the Internet of Smart Trains: A Review on Industrial IoT-Connected Railways
[Abstract] Nowadays, the railway industry is in a position where it is able to exploit the opportunities created by the IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) and enabling communication technologies under the paradigm of Internet of Trains. This review details the evolution of communication technologies since the deployment of GSM-R, describing the main alternatives and how railway requirements, specifications and recommendations have evolved over time. The advantages of the latest generation of broadband communication systems (e.g., LTE, 5G, IEEE 802.11ad) and the emergence of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for the railway environment are also explained together with the strategic roadmap to ensure a smooth migration from GSM-R. Furthermore, this survey focuses on providing a holistic approach, identifying scenarios and architectures where railways could leverage better commercial IIoT capabilities. After reviewing the main industrial developments, short and medium-term IIoT-enabled services for smart railways are evaluated. Then, it is analyzed the latest research on predictive maintenance, smart infrastructure, advanced monitoring of assets, video surveillance systems, railway operations, Passenger and Freight Information Systems (PIS/FIS), train control systems, safety assurance, signaling systems, cyber security and energy efficiency. Overall, it can be stated that the aim of this article is to provide a detailed examination of the state-of-the-art of different technologies and services that will revolutionize the railway industry and will allow for confronting today challenges.Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; ED431C 2016-045Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; ED341D R2016/012Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; ED431G/01Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España); TEC2013-47141-C4-1-RAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España); TEC2015-69648-REDCAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España); TEC2016-75067-C4-1-
Wireless communication, identification and sensing technologies enabling integrated logistics: a study in the harbor environment
In the last decade, integrated logistics has become an important challenge in
the development of wireless communication, identification and sensing
technology, due to the growing complexity of logistics processes and the
increasing demand for adapting systems to new requirements. The advancement of
wireless technology provides a wide range of options for the maritime container
terminals. Electronic devices employed in container terminals reduce the manual
effort, facilitating timely information flow and enhancing control and quality
of service and decision made. In this paper, we examine the technology that can
be used to support integration in harbor's logistics. In the literature, most
systems have been developed to address specific needs of particular harbors,
but a systematic study is missing. The purpose is to provide an overview to the
reader about which technology of integrated logistics can be implemented and
what remains to be addressed in the future
Bridging the Innovation Divide: An Agenda for Disseminating Technology Innovations within the Nonprofit Sector
Examines technology practices -- such as neighborhood information systems, electronic advocacy, Internet-based micro enterprise support, and digital inclusion initiatives -- that strengthen the capacity of nonprofits and community organizations
A survey on future railway radio communications services: challenges and opportunities
Radio communications is one of the most disruptive technologies in railways, enabling a huge set of value-added services that greatly improve many aspects of railways, making them more efficient, safer, and profitable. Lately, some major technologies like ERTMS for high-speed railways and CBTC for subways have made possible a reduction of headway and increased safety never before seen in this field. The railway industry is now looking at wireless communications with great interest, and this can be seen in many projects around the world. Thus, railway radio communications is again a flourishing field, with a lot of research and many things to be done. This survey article explains both opportunities and challenges to be addressed by the railway sector in order to obtain all the possible benefits of the latest radio technologies
Mobile Telephony: Economic and Social Impact
The ubiquitous cell phone is often portrayed as the scourge of civilized society: rude callers on streets, in malls and offices, disturbing those around them with loud talking, school kids constantly texting in class, drivers whose attention has wandered during a cell phone conversation causing accidents, “crackberry” addicts who check their e-mail during real-world conversations, the list goes on. Is this an invention whose result has been to make us all worse off, like Internet spam and phishing attacks? In this paper, I informally survey the rise and impact of cellular technology, both in the US and the world. I find that the reach and the speed of its worldwide diffusion has exceeded even that of the Internet, and certainly with far more reach and speed than the personal computer. Mobile’s economic and social impact has been unprecedented, especially in the developing world where it has been a boon to economic development. While many in the US focus on expanding the diffusion of the PC both domestically and worldwide, as well as expanding the availability of broadband connectivity, I argue that while PC-broadband architecture will continue to be important, the terminal device of choice for most people on this planet will be the mobile, accessing information services over a wireless connection. Mobile telephony is, I believe, the highest impact communications technology of the last 50 years, rivaled only by the Internet.
Conectividade definida por software em ambientes móveis
Broadband Internet access on trains has become an expected service for passengers,
and the rise in quality demand has been posing a challenge to service
providers. There are solutions for Internet access on trains that lack the
flexibility and redundancy needed for an improved QoS in the network. Thus,
this dissertation studies two new load balancing solutions, one distributed and
the other centralized. In an emulated train network, routers of each car communicate
their network statistics to other nodes of the network, to be used
in load balancing decisions. In the distributed solution, each router has the
capacity to make load balancing decisions, while in the centralized solution,
an onboard controller makes those decisions. The latter solution is based on
load balancing in an SDN environment. In this system, a remote entity aggregates
the passengers’ traffic and forwards it to an external network, or to the
Internet. The systems must provide an improved quality of experience to the
passengers on the train and the total avaliable bandwidth should be distributed
evenly by all cars. Requirements were established for the systems, which were
developed after an in-depth analysis of solutions for Internet access on board
found in the literature. After obtaining the results of the performance tests, it
was concluded that the systems improve the QoE of the passengers, as long
as the network conditions are approximately constant for an extended period.O acesso à Internet de banda larga em comboios tornou-se num serviço esperado
por parte dos passageiros e o aumento na exigência de qualidade tem
constituído um desafio para os prestadores de serviços. Existem soluções de
acesso à Internet em comboios que carecem da flexibilidade e redundância
necessárias para uma melhor qualidade de serviço na rede. Assim, esta
dissertação estuda duas novas soluções de balanceamento de carga, uma
distribuída e outra centralizada. Numa rede de comboio emulada, routers
de cada carruagem comunicam as suas estatísticas de rede para outros nós
da rede, para posteriormente serem tomadas decisões de balanceamento de
carga. Na solução distribuída, cada router tem capacidade de tomar decisões
de balanceamento de carga, enquanto que na solução centralizada, um controlador
dentro do comboio toma essas decisões. Esta última solução baseiase
num balanceamento de carga em ambiente SDN. Neste sistema, uma entidade
remota agrega o tráfego dos passageiros e encaminha-o para uma rede
externa, ou para a Internet. Os sistemas devem proporcionar uma qualidade
de experiência melhorada aos passageiros do comboio e a largura de banda
total disponível deve ser distribuída mais uniformememente por todas as carruagens.
Requisitos foram estabelecidos para os sistemas, que foram desenvolvidos
após uma análise aprofundada das soluções de acesso à Internet
em comboios encontradas na literatura. Após a obtenção dos resultados dos
testes de desempenho, concluiu-se que as duas soluções melhoram o QoE
dos passageiros, desde que as condições da rede sejam aproximadamente
constantes durante um certo período.Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemátic
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